5

3y ago
17 Views
3 Downloads
635.53 KB
5 Pages
Last View : 1m ago
Last Download : 2m ago
Upload by : Abby Duckworth
Transcription

Alertby Brian E. Whipker1(bwhipker@ncsu.edu)Volume 3, Number 29 April 2014Streptocarpus: Lower LeafPurplish-Black Discolorationx2014 SponsorDuring a grower visit, cameacross a crop of streptocarpus (x) plants with lower leafpurpling (Figures 1 and 2).The cultivar was ‘Scarlet’.The initial reaction was thelower leaf purpling was theresult of a phosphorus (P)site side of the bench wasa blue cultivar. The leaf Brian Whipkerdifferent with more of apurplish-black appearance(Figure 3). The purplishblack coloration appearedon both the top and bottom (Figure 4) of the leaf.Leaf spots such as this arestrate pH is too low.1Figure 1. Purple leaf discoloration on the lower foliage of streptocarpus duelow substrate pH induced iron/manganese toxicity. This symptom may be

e-GRO Alert - 2014e-GRO Alertwww.e-gro.orgCONTRIBUTORSDr. Nora CatlinFloriculture SpecialistCornell Cooperative Extension Suffolk Countynora.catlin@cornell.edu Brian WhipkerDr. Kristin GetterFloriculture Outreach SpecialistMichigan State Universitygetterk@msu.eduDan GilreinEntomology SpecialistCornell Cooperative Extension Suffolk Countydog1@cornell.eduDr. Brian KrugFloriculture Ext. SpecialistUniv. New Hampshirebrian.krug@unh.eduDr. Joyce LatimerFloriculture Extension & ResearchVirginia Techjlatime@vt.eduDr. Roberto LopezFloriculture Extension Specialist &ResearchPurdue Universityrglopez@purdue.eduDr. Paul ThomasFloriculture Extension & ResearchUniversity of Georgiapathomas@uga.eduDr. Brian WhipkerFloriculture Extension & ResearchNC State Universitybwhipker@ncsu.eduFigure 2. Close up of purple leaf discoloration on the lower foliage of streptocarpus. This photograph was from a second grower's location.To determine the cause,a pH and EC test was conducted using the PourThrumethod. The PourThru ECwas at 1.26 mS/cm andwhen converted saturatedmedia extraction (SME)values it would be 1.89mS/cm. Uhl (2012) recommended a SME EC between0.8 to 1.0 mS/cm. So theEC was higher than desired.Copyright 2014The substrate pH providedare listed, no discrimination is intended and no endorsement,guarantee or warranty is implied by the authors, universitiesor associations.because it was 4.5. Therecommended pH rangevaries. Dole and Wilkins(2005) recommended 5.5to 6.0, Uhl (2012) sug2gests keeping the pH ata wide range of 5.5 to 7.0would work and 5.6 wasoptimal.To provide more concretelow pH induced problem,a tissue sample was takenfrom the affected plantlevels (Table 1). The sample was collected from thelower foliage (LL) that exhibited the black spotting.detected an iron (Fe) concentration that was fourtimes higher when compared to the recommended

e-GRO Alert - 2014Cooperating Universitiesed range, which indicatesthat P was not low.and Wilkins (2005). Manganese (Mn) was also higherElevated Fe and Mn levelsthan the recommendedrange. It is also interesting can result in lower leafto note that the P levelser species such as gerbera,reported with this sampleexceeded the recommendAdditional Streptocarpus Production InformationNC STATE UNIVERSITYFloricultureDole, J. and H. Wilkins. 2005. Streptocarpus, p. 874-877.In: Floriculture Principles and Species, 2nd Ed., PrenticeHall, Upper Saddle River, NJslippers treptocar-Table 1. Leaf tissue nutrient analysis results for streptocarpus.In cooperation with ourlocal and state greenhouseorganizationsElementNitrogen (%)Phosphorus (%)Potassium (%)Calcium (%)Magnesium (%)Sulfur (%)Sodium (%)Iron (ppm)Manganese (ppm)Zinc (ppm)Copper (ppm)Boron (ppm)1Most RecentlyMatured t reportednot reported90-260130-30085-13015-2055-65Source: Dole and Wilkins, pg 118.3Lower Leaves (LL)with Black 196.819.733.9

Brian Whipkere-GRO Alert - 2014Figure 3. Purplish-black coloration of streptocarpus. This is a typical symptom of low substrate pH induced iron/manganesetoxicity.These results, (elevatedThe lowest recommendedtissue Fe and low substrate level is 5.5. Somewherebetween those values isthe black spotting wasrelated to low pH inducedranges are researched, it isrecommended to avoid pHlevels below 5.4.is susceptible to low pHinduced iron/manganeseWith streptocarpus, thesubstrate pH should beearlier, the substrate pHmonitored during producfor this plant was 4.5.tion to avoid low levels.4Corrective procedures forlow pH include the applisium bicarbonate. Application details are provided in

e-GRO Alert - 2014 Brian Whipker Brian WhipkerTOPBOTTOMFigure 4. Purplish-black coloration of streptocarpus on the top and bottom of the leaf.5

Floriculture Specialist Cornell Cooperative Extension - Suffolk County nora.catlin@cornell.edu Dr. Kristin Getter Floriculture Outreach Specialist . Floriculture Principles and Species, 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ 2JOHYHH DQRQ\PRXV *URZHUV 1RWHERRN 6WUHSWR-

Related Documents:

Fact Sheet; Neonatal Biology –An Overview Part 3. Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 17(4), 128-131. Petty, J. (2011b). Fact Sheet; Neonatal Biology –An Overview Part 2. Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 17(3), 89-91. Petty, J. D. (2011c). Fact Sheet; Neonatal Biology –An Overview Part 1. Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 17(1), 8-10. For further detail and more resources, go to the online resource .

TIM PENYUSUN Pembina MENTERI DALAM NEGERI Pengarah Direktur Jenderal Bina Administrasi Kewilayahan Direktur Jenderal Politik dan Pemerintahan Umum

25 OSCI (NC) No Connection 26 . OSC2 (NC) No Connection . 27 : V. SS. Ground . 28 . V. DD. Interface Power and Analog Power . 29 : V. DDL. Internal Logical Power. Capacitor is connected between VDDL and VSS. 30 . V. CC-R. This pin is the power output pin of the inter row power regulator. A 4.7uF capacitor is recommended to connect between VCC_R and GND. If internal row power regulator is .

This Business Architecture document follows the approach and principles set out in the ESS Enterprise Architecture Reference Framework (ESS EARF). When relevant, special attention has been given to ensure that the content of the Business Architecture is aligned with widely used reference standards such as GSBPM and GSIM. 1.2 Reader The current Business Architecture document is designed to be a .

Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International Advanced Level *2155396653* COMPUTER SCIENCE 9608/31 Paper 3 Advanced Theory October/November 2016 1 hour 30 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. No calculators allowed. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces at the top of this .

Children’s feelings about their experiences of talking to professionals 24 Some suggestions from research about the support services children might want 24 Respecting children’s agendas 25 How children would like to be involved 27 Successful ways of listening to children 28 Summary 29 . 4 Summary of the seminar on 5 July 1999 33 Children’s rights 33 Children’s right to information 34 .

How well do we teach our children to read the Bible? More importantly, how well do we teach our children to pray with the Bible? The process of sacred reading (lectio divina) of the Bible is an incredibly important and often overlooked skill to impart in our young people. It is also something we as religious educators should practice frequently

in Civil engineering in general as well as in nature various types of constructions to make the structures eco-friendly, including copying the nature for designing the shapes as well for actual constructions. The nature inspired techniques used are natural ventilation, harnessing non-conventional energy, lighting, climate control and data optimization using soft computing techniques like .