AN INTRODUCTION TO WELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE, API .
AN INTRODUCTION TOWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE, API STANDARD 650(TWELFTH EDITION, JANUARY 2016)SUMMER 2017INSTRUCTOR: HOSSEIN SADEGHIH.SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)1
H.SadeghiK. N. Toosi University of Technology2
CONTENT SCOPE STANDARD INTRODUCTION MATERIALS IMPACT TEST DESIGN WELDING JOINTS DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS CAPACITY ALLOWABLE STRESS BOTTOM PLATES SHELL DESIGN ANNULAR BOTTOM PLATES TOP WIND GIRDER INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS ROOFSHossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)3
CONTENT TOP ANGLE SHELL AND ROOF OPENINGS STAIRWAY, PLATFORM AND WALKWAY SUMP COLUMN BASE DETAILS WIND LOAD ON TANKS (OVERTURNING STABILITY) DESIGN OF TANKS FOR SMALL INTERNAL PRESSURES (ANNEX F) SEISMIC DESIGN OF STORAGE TANKS (ANNEX E) TANK ANCHORAGE OPTIONAL DESIGN BASIS FOR SMALL TANKS EXTERNAL FLOATING ROOFS SHOP-ASSEMBLED STORAGE TANKS REQUIREMENTS FOR TANKS OPERATING AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES (ANNEX M) AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL STORAGE TANKS (ANNEX S)Hossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)4
BASIC INFORMATIONHossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)5
SCOPE BOTTOM IS UNIFORMLY SUPPORTED TANKS IN NON-REFRIGERATED SERVICE MAXIMUM DESIGN TEMPERATURE OF 93 C MAXIMUM DESIGN INTERNAL PRESSURES OF 18 KPA MAXIMUM DESIGN EXTERNAL PRESSURE OF 6.9 KPANOTE:A bullet ( ) at the beginning of a paragraph indicates that there is an expressed decision oraction required of the Purchaser. The Purchaser’s responsibility is not limited to these decisionsor actions alone. When such decisions and actions are taken, they are to be specified indocuments such as requisitions, change orders, data sheets, and drawings.Hossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)6
STANDARD INTRODUCTIONPressure Vessels (ASME CODE)Internal pressure1 bargSTORAGE TANK SCOPE OF WORK0 bar Gauge 1 Bar a-6Kpa 14.7 Psi 101 KpaPressure Vessels (ASME CODE)Vacuum Condition0 bar absoluteHossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)7
STANDARD INTRODUCTION1 bargAPI 62018 KpaAPI 6500 bar Gauge 1 Bar a-6Kpa 14.7 Psi 101 KpaHossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)8
Type of TanksSingle wallDouble wallType of tanksElevated tankBuried tankRectangulartankSpherical tankHossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)9
Type of TanksSelf SupportedFixed RoofCone RoofDome RoofSingle wallStructuralSupportedUmbrella RoofInternalFloatingSingle deckExternalFloatingDouble deckFloating RoofHossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)10
STANDARD INTRODUCTIONSection 1 : SCOPESection 2 : Normative ReferencesSection 3 : Terms and DefinitionsSection 4 : MaterialsSection 5 : DesignSection 6 : FabricationSection 7 : ErectionSection 8 : Methods of Examining JointsSection 9 : Welding Procedure and Welder QualificationsSection 10 : MarkingAnnex A: Optional Design Basis for Small TanksAnnex B: Recommendations for Design and Construction of Foundations for AbovegroundOil Storage TanksAnnex C: External Floating RoofsHossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)11
STANDARD INTRODUCTIONAnnex D : Inquiries and Suggestions for ChangeAnnex E : Seismic Design of Storage TanksAnnex F : Design of Tanks for Small Internal PressuresAnnex G : Structurally-Supported Aluminum Dome RoofsAnnex H : Internal Floating RoofsAnnex J: Shop-Assembled Storage TanksAnnex L : API Standard 650 Storage Tank Data SheetAnnex M : Requirements for Tanks Operating at Elevated TemperaturesAnnex P : Allowable External Loads on Tank Shell OpeningsAnnex S: Austenitic Stainless Steel Storage TanksAnnex V: Design of Storage Tanks for External PressureHossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)12
STORAGE TANK PARTS INTRODUCTIONHossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)13
STORAGE TANKS DETAILH.SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)14
H.SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OILSTORAGE (Rev. 0)15
H.SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OILSTORAGE (Rev. 0)16
H.SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OILSTORAGE (Rev. 0)17
MATERIAL AND IMPACT TESTHossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)18
MATERIALS Materials used in the construction of tanks shall conform to the specificationslisted in section 4, subject to the modifications and limitations indicated in API650 standard. Material produced to specifications other than those listed in thissection may be employed, provided that the material is certified to meet all ofthe requirements of an applicable material specification listed in Purchaser.TheManufacturer’s proposal shall identify the material specifications to be used.Some listed materials in section 4 are as stated following:H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.19
MATERIALSASTM PLATES (MOST USEFUL ITEMS): ASTM A36M/A36 for plates to a maximum thickness of 40 mm ASTM A283M/A283, Grade C, for plates to a maximum thickness of 25 mm ASTM A285M/A285, Grade C, for plates to a maximum thickness of 25 mm ASTM A516M Grades 380, 415, 450, 485/A516, Grades 55, 60, 65, and 70, forplates to a maximum thickness of 40 mm (insert plates and flanges to a maximumthickness of 100 mm ASTM A537M/A537, Class 1 and Class 2, for plates to a maximum thickness of45 mm (insert plates to a maximum thickness of 100 mm) ASTM A573M Grades 400, 450, 485/A573, Grades 58, 65, and 70, for plates toa maximum thickness of 40 mm.H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.20
MATERIALSASTM SHEETS: ASTM A1011M, Grade 33STRUCTURAL SHAPES ASTM A36M/A36 ASTM A131M/A131 Structural Steels listed in AISC, Manual of Steel Construction EN 10025, Grade S275, Qualities JR, J0, and J2H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.21
MATERIALS PipingAPI Spec 5L, Grades A, B, and X42ASTM A53M/A53, Grades A and BASTM A106 M/A106, Grades A and BASTM A333M/A333, Grades 1 and 6ASTM A334M/A334, Grades 1 and 6ASTM A420M/A420, Grade WPL6 Forgings :ASTM A105M/A105ASTM A181M/A181ASTM A350M/A350, Grades LF1 and LF2H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.22
IMPACT TEST Toughness: Toughness is, broadly, a measure of the amount of energy requiredto cause an item - a test piece or a bridge or a pressure vessel - to fracture andfail. The more energy that is required then the tougher the material. So, Theability of a material to withstand an impact blow is referred to as notchtoughness. context of an impact test: a measure of the metal's resistance to brittle or fastfracture in the presence of a flaw or notch and fast loading conditions There are two main forms of impact test, the Izod and the Charpy test. Bothinvolve striking a standard specimen with a controlled weight pendulum travellingat a set speed. The amount of energy absorbed in fracturing the test piece ismeasured and this gives an indication of the notch toughness of the test material.H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.23
IMPACT TEST These tests show that metals can be classified as being either 'brittle' or'ductile'. A brittle metal will absorb a small amount of energy when impact tested,a tough ductile metal a large amount of energy. The energy absorbed is the difference in height between initial and final positionof the hammer. The material fractures at the notch and the structure of thecracked surface will help indicate whether it was a brittle or ductile fracture.H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.24
IMPACT TESTH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.25
IMPACT TESTH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.26
IMPACT TESTH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.27
Brittle Fracture Failureof LibertyshipsII - Low-carbonsteelswereatductileat RTtensileFailureof Libertyships inWWinIIWW- Low-carbonsteels wereductileRT osedto lower-temperatureocean environmets.Thetheybecamewhenexposed to lower-temperatureoceanships were built and used in the Pacific Ocean but when they were employed in theenvironmets.The ships were built and used in the Pacific Ocean but when theyAtlanticOcean, which is colder, the ship’s material underwent a ductile to brittlewere employed in the Atlantic Ocean, which is colder, the ship’s materialtransition.underwent a ductile to brittle transition.H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.28
IMPACT TESTH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinH.SadeghiWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.29
IMPACT TESTH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDEDTANKSFOROILOIL STORAGE(Rev.0) 0)WELDEDTANKSFORSTORAGE(Rev.30
IMPACT TESTH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.31
Design Metal Temperature DESIGN METAL TEMPERATURE: The lowest temperature considered in the design, which, unless experience orspecial local conditions justify another assumption, shall be assumed to be 8 C(15 F) above the lowest one-day mean ambient temperature of the localitywhere the tank is to be installed. Isothermal lines of lowest one-day meantemperature are shown in Figure 4.2. The temperatures are not related torefrigerated-tank temperatures (see 1.1.1).H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.32
Example Min. Amb. Temperature : -15 CCourse #MaterialThickness(mm)Impact Test1A 516 70 N26?2A 516 7026?3A 516 7020?4A 283 C20?5A 283 C14?6A 283 C10?7A 283 C6?H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE33
Example Min. Amb. Temperature : -15 CCourse #MaterialThickness (mm) Impact Test1A 516 70 N26No2A 516 7026Yes3A 516 7020Yes4A 516 6020No5A 283 C20Yes6A 283 C10No7A 283 C6NoH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE34
IMPACT TESTH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinH.SadeghiWELDED FORTANKSFORSTORAGEOIL STORAGE(Rev.0)0)WELDED TANKSOIL(Rev.35
Research case As Rolled Semi-Killed Killed Fine-Grain Practice Normalized Quenched and TemperedH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE36
WELDINGHossein SadeghiHosseinSadeghiWELDEDTANKS FORSTORAGE(Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSFOROILOILSTORAGE(Rev. 0)37
WELDINGTYPE OF JOINTS:1. Butt joint ( )لب به لب 2. Corner joint ( )گوشه ای 3. T-joint ( )سپری 4. Lap joint ( )لبه روی هم 5. Edge joint ( )لبه ای H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE38
WELDINGH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE39
WELDINGH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE40
WELDINGTYPE OF GROOVE:Butt jointH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE41
WELDINGTYPE OF GROOVE:Butt jointH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE42
WELDINGCorner joint ( )گوشه ای H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE43
WELDINGT-joint ( )سپری H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE44
WELDINGH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE45
WELDINGLap joint ( )لبه روی هم H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE46
HAZ AREAH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE47
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONHossein SadeghiHosseinSadeghiWELDEDTANKS FORSTORAGE(Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSFOROILOILSTORAGE(Rev. 0)52
DESIGN (Design Considerations) 5.2. Design Considerationsa) Dead Load (DL): The weight of the tank or tank component, including any corrosionallowance.b) Design External Pressure (Pe): Shall not be less than 0.25 kPa, except that Pe shall beconsidered as 0 kPac) Design Internal Pressure (Pi): Shall not exceed 18 kPa.d) Hydrostatic Test: The load due to filling the tank with water to the design liquid level.f) Minimum Roof Live Load: 1.0 kPa on the horizontal projected area of the roof.h) Snow (S)k) Wind (W)l) External LoadsH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE53
DESIGN (Design Considerations)H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE54
Allowable Stresses 5.6.2. Allowable StressMaximum Allowable Product Design Stress (Sd): The design stress basis, Sd, shall be either two-thirds the yield strength or two-fifthsthe tensile strength, whichever is lessMaximum Allowable hydrostatic test Stress (St): The hydrostatic test basis shall be either three-fourths the yield strength or threesevenths the tensile strength, whichever is Allowable ProductDesign Stress(Sd):Min. (2/3 yield; 2/5 tensile)MaximumAllowable ProductDesign Stress(Sd):Min. (3/4 yield; 3/7 tensile)WELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE55
DESIGN (Allowable OILSTORAGE(Rev.WELDEDTANKSFOROIL STORAGEWELDEDTANKSFOR FOROILSTORAGE(Rev.0)0) (Rev. 0)56
Required Calculation Thicknesses Attachments Wind and stability Seismic Internal pressure External pressureH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE57
Thickness Calculation Bottom and annular plate thickness calculation Shell plate thickness calculation Roof plate thickness calculationH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE58
SHELL DESIGNHossein SadeghiWELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0)59
DESIGN (SHELL DESIGN) Liquid levelsH.SadeghiHossein SadeghiWELDEDWELDEDTANKSTANKSFORFOROIL OILSTORAGESTORAGE(Rev.(Rev.0) 0)60
DESIGN (SHELL DESIGN) 5.6. SHELL DESIGN 5.6.1.1 The required shell thickness shall be the greater of the design shellthickness, including any corrosion allowance, or the hydrostatic test shellthickness, but the shell thickness shall not be less than the following:H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE61
DESIGN (SHELL DESIGN) 5.6.1.2 Unless otherwise agreed to by the Purchaser, the shell plates shall have aminimum nominal width of 1800 mm (72 in.) 5.6.1.3 When the allowable stress for an upper shell course is lower than theallowable stress of the next lower shell course, The lower shell course thicknessshall be no less than the thickness required of the upper shell course forproduct and hydrostatic test loads by 5.6.3 or 5.6.4.H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE62
DESIGN (SHELL DESIGN)1-FootMethodVariableDesign-PointMethodShell DesignElasticAnalysisAnnex AH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE63
DESIGN (SHELL DESIGN) 1-Foot Method : he 1-foot method calculates the thicknesses required at designpoints 0.3 m (1 ft) above the bottom of each shell course. Variable-Design-Point Method :Design by the variable-design-point method givesshell thicknesses at design points that result in the calculated stresses beingrelatively close to the actual circumferential shell stresses. Elastic Analysis: For tanks where L/H is greater than 1000/6, the selection ofshell thicknesses shall be based on an elastic analysis Annex A : Annex A permits an alternative shell design with a fixed allowablestress of 145 MPa (21,000 lbf/in.2) and a joint efficiency factor of 0.85 or 0.70.This design may only be used for tanks with shell thicknesses less than or equalto 13 mmH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE64
SHELL DESIGN Hoop (circumferential) stress : This is the stress trying to split the vessel open along its length. Confusingly,this acts on the longitudinal weld seam (if there is one).H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE65
H.SadeghiPRESSURE VESSEL COURSE66
SHELL DESIGN circumferential stress : Longitudinal stress :H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE67
SHELL DESIGN Liquid static head stress:I)II) P ρghSubstituting II in IIII) Sc Rρgh / tOrt D x G x 9.8 x H / St 4.9 D G H / SH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE68
DESIGN (SHELL DESIGN) 5.6.3. Calculation of Thickness by the 1-Foot Method This method shall not be used for tanks larger than 61 m (200 ft) in diameter. The required minimum thickness of shell plates shall be the greater of thevalues computed by the following formulas:t 4.9 D G (H-0.3) / SH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE69
Example- Inside diameter: 34000 mm- Tank Height : 8000 mm- Corrosion allowance : 1.5 mm for all plates- Material : A 283 C- Service : Water, Density : 1000 Kg/m3- Design pressure: Atm.- Design liquid level: 6600 mm- Plate width : 1500 mm 500 mm for last courseH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE70
Example- Course # 1 :t1 Max. (td , tt)Td 4.9x 34m x (6.6 – 0.3 ) x 1 / 137 7.66 mm 1.5 mm 9.16 mmTt 4.9 x 34 m x (6.6 – 0.3) /154 6.82 mmSo, The minimum required thickness of first shell course is Max (9.16 ,6.82) 9.16 and the selected thickness for first course is 10 mmH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE71
Example- Course # 2 :t2 Max. (td , tt)Td 4.9x 34m x (6.6 –1.5- 0.3 ) x 1 / 137 5.83 mm 1.5 mm 7.33 mmTt 4.9 x 34 m x (6.6 – 1.5- 0.3) /154 5.19 mmSo, The minimum required thickness of 2th shell course is Max (7.33 ,5.19) 7.33 and the selected thickness for 2th course is 8 mmH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE72
ExampleH.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE73
1) Question!- Inside diameter: 30000 mm- Tank Height : 16000 mm- Corrosion allowance : 3 mm for all plates- Material : Course 1,2 : A 516 70 Other courses: A 283 C- Service : Gasoil, Density : 900 Kg/m3- Design pressure: Atm.- Design liquid level: 14200 mm- Plate width : 2000 mm- Minimum Amb. Temerature : -15 C Shell and Bottom Plate thickness ? Impact test?H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE74
2) Question!- Inside diameter: 8000 mm- Tank Height : 6000 mm- Corrosion allowance : 3 mm for all plates- Material :A 283 C- Service : Oil, Density : 850 Kg/m3- Design pressure: Atm.- Design liquid level: 5100 mm- Plate width : 1800 mm- Minimum Amb. Temerature : -12 C Shell and Bottom Plate thickness ? Impact test?H.SadeghiSadeghiHosseinWELDED TANKSFORFOROIL STORAGE(Rev. 0) (Rev. 0)WELDEDTANKSOIL STORAGE75
Scanned by CamScanner
Scanned by CamScanner
BOTTOM AND ANNULAR PLATEHossein SadeghiHosseinSadeghiWELDEDTANKS FORFOR OILSTORAGE(Rev. (Rev.0)WELDEDTANKSOILSTORAGE0)76
Bottom Plates 5.4. Bottom Plates5.4.1 All bottom plates shall have a corroded thickness of not less than 6 mm .All rectangular and sketch plates shall have a nominal width of not less than1800 mm.5.4.2 Bottom plates of sufficient size shall be ordered so that, when trimmed,at least a 50 mm (2 in.) width will project outside the shell or meetrequirements given in 5.1.5.7 d whichever is greater.5.4.4 Unless otherwise
Annex L : API Standard 650 Storage Tank Data Sheet Annex M : Requirements for Tanks Operating at Elevated Temperatures Annex P : Allowable External Loads on Tank Shell Openings Annex S : Austenitic Stainless Steel Storage Tanks Annex V : Design of Storage Tanks for External Pressure Hossein Sadeghi WELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE (Rev. 0) 12 STANDARD INTRODUCTION. Hossein Sadeghi WELDED TANKS FOR .
TANK & EQUIPMENT CO. Stationary Tanks Farm Tanks UL 142 Horizontal & Vertical Tanks API 650 Tanks UL 142 Double Wall Tanks UL 2085 “Protected“ Tanks UL 2245 At/Below Grade Tanks Insulated & Jacketed Storage Tanks Chemical Storage & Blending Tanks P.O. Box 2014 Tyler,
premier tank manufacturers. Double Wall Tanks, Round Bottom Tanks, Frac Tanks, Wier Tanks, Gas Buster Tanks, Mini Tanks and Mixer Tanks are just a few of the standard product lines along with custom tanks for specific configurations. Oil and Gas, Construction and Waste Water
RP 500 . Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities . RP 575. Inspection of Atmospheric and Low Pressure Storage Tanks . Std 620 . Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-pressure Storage Tanks . Std 650 . Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage . RP 652
For the design of these hazardous liquid storage tanks, "Appendix E: Seismic Design of Storage Tanks" in API 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage (API, 2007) is most applied. Theoretically, it considers two response modes of a tank and its contents: impulsive and convective (Housner, 1963). This procedure applies to anchored steel tanks .
for think tanks in America. The Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program at the University of Pennsylvania, which tracks and ranks think tanks annually, found that there are now 1,872 think tanks in America, more than double the number of think tanks in existence in 1980 when the Heritage F
domestic potable hot water expansion tanks quick sizing domestic hot water expansion tanks page 17 non-asme t – fixed diaphragm tanks page 18 tx– removable bladder tanks page 18 asme tta – fixed diaphragm tanks page 19 txa– removable bladder tanks page 19 txa – smart tank series
Centrifugally cast tanks manufactured by Design Tanks are designed to meet or exceed the strength requirements of ASTM D4097-01. Standard catalog tanks are built to hold liquid with a specific gravity of 1.3 at a safety factor of not less than 10:1. Tanks desig
Pradeep Sharma, Ryan P. Lively, Benjamin A. McCool and Ronald R. Chance. 2 Cyanobacteria-based (“Advanced”) Biofuels Biofuels in general Risks of climate change has made the global energy market very carbon-constrained Biofuels have the potential to be nearly carbon-neutral Advanced biofuels Energy Independence & Security Act (EISA) requires annual US production of 36 .
