Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project At Rewa .
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility ReportPRE-FEASIBILITY REPORTRegional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewaby Rewa MSW Holding Limited1.Executive SummaryThe current Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management system in Rewa and 27 othersurrounding ULB’s currently does not comply with Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016.Government of Madhya Pradesh (GoMP), realizing the necessity of efficient wastemanagement system, wanted to establish an Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM)Project on Public Private Partnership (PPP) basis for management of MSW generated in RewaTown and 27 other surrounding ULBs (12 ULBs from Rewa District, 12 ULBs from Satna Districtand 4 ULBs from Sidhi District).The 28 ULBs have entered into an inter-ULB agreement for establishing an “Integrated SolidWaste Management (ISWM) Project” on regional basis through public private participation.The participating ULBs have nominated Nagar Palik Nigam Rewa (NPNR) as their leadmember and authorized NPNR to select a private party through bidding process. “Rewa MSWHolding Limited (RMSWHL)” was chosen by NPNR for ISWM Project, through bidding process,with a concession period of 21 years.The current waste generation from the 28 ULBs is estimated to be about 340 TPD. However,considering the population forecast and corresponding waste generation, the ProjectProponent, Rewa MSW Holding Limited, proposes to establish a 700 TPD Regional IntegratedSoild Waste Management Facility in Rewa Town. The proposed ISWM Project will managedifferent kinds of waste generated in the whole project area, including residential,commercial, expired/rejected branded products (non-hazardous), institutional, hotels,restaurants, markets, marriage halls, gardens, parks, and non-hazardous industrial waste,construction and demolition waste etc.It is proposed to establish the 700 TPD Integrated Solid Waste Management Project with thefollowing key components: Waste to Energy Plants – 2 x 6 MW (Phase I: 6 MW and Phase II –6 MW); Sanitary Landfill – 175 TPD; Compost Plant – 300 TPD; RDF Processing Plant – 500TPD; Animal Carcass Digester – 200 kg/day; Construction and Demolition Waste ManagementFacility – 100 TPD. The ISWM Project will be established in a land of about 18.35 hectareslocated in Pahadiya village, Rewa. Site Features are presented in Table – 1.Rewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 1
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility ReportTable 1: Site FeaturesNature of the ProjectLocationLand AreaNearest TownNearest Railway StationNearest AirportNearest HighwayIntegrated Solid Waste Management FacilityPahadiya Village, Rewa (24 35'44.95"N, 81 23'06.10"E)18.35 Hectares (45.34 Acres approximately)Rewa Town ( 9 km SW)Rewa railway station (14.5 km SW)Rewa Air Strip (18.5 km SW)NH 7 (4 km SE)The water requirement for the proposed project is estimated to be about 200 KLD. However,with inclusion of second 6 MW Waste to Energy plant in the future, another 120 KLD will berequired. It is expected that Rewa Municipal Corporation would supply water to this facility.Otherwise, water requirement would be met through borewells/tankers. The powerrequirement during construction phase is estimated to be about 150 KVA which will befulfilled by MPTRANSCO. The power generated from the waste to energy plant will be utilizedfor the ISWM Plant power needs. The auxiliary power consumption is estimated to be about18% of the total power generated. DG Sets are proposed for power backup.The soils of the region under consideration are ferruginous and clayey. The soil in this regionfall into two categories: red and black soils. The relative humidity generally exceeds 87%during the monsoon season in the month of August. Relative humidity decreases during nonmonsoon season. In summer season, relative humidity is less than 36 %. May is the driestmonth of the year.The average annual rainfall of the region under consideration is 1200 mm. The districtreceives maximum rainfall during south-west monsoon period from June to September.Showers with lighting and hail are witnessed. Over 95% of the rainfall falls between June andSeptember, with maximum rain generally in July-August.Wastewater from Waste to Energy Plant(s) will be used for ash quenching etc. There will notbe any wastewater discharge to outside the premises of Waste to Energy Plant. Adequatemeasures are proposed to be taken up for leachate management. Since the plant is designedwith a closed windrow, and best practices are followed during landfill operation, minimumquantity of leachate will be generated which either will be circulated to landfill, sprayed onlandfill for dust control, use to keep the windrows moist. Flue gases from Waste to EnergyPlant will be treated with necessary Air Pollution Control Devices (APCDs) before releasinginto atmosphere.Rewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 2
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility ReportIt is estimated that it will take up to 18 months for execution of the proposed project (ISWM)with all the facilities proposed. Operations will continue for a minimum of about 20 years. Theapproximate cost estimate for the proposed facility for Phase – I (with 6 MW Waste to EnergyPlant) is about INR 160 Crores. About 100 full time employees and 80 contractual employeeswill be employed for project operation. About 400 indirect employment will be generated forprimary/secondary collection, transportation etc.2.Introduction2.1. Current Situation of MSW Management in RewaThe current municipal waste management practice in Rewa and surrounding ULBs doesnot comply with Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016. Non-compliance(s) to SWMRules include: (a) unmanaged and insufficient primary and secondary collection; (b)there is no segregation of waste; (c) most waste dumped in open areas; (d) there is norecovery of resources from waste before disposal; and (e) indiscriminate dumping andno sanitary landfill.2.2. Need for the Proposed ProjectIndiscriminate and open burning of wastes results in air pollution. Indiscriminatedumping of waste and leachate from waste dumpsites, and contaminated lands leads toland pollution, surface water contamination, and ground water contamination. Also, asignificant delay between waste generation and final disposal results in odour nuisance,environmental degradation, fly and rodent infestation etc.It is highly necessary to establish an Integrated Solid Waste Management Project withmaterial recovery facility (for recovery of recyclables), compost plant, waste to energyplant, sanitary landfill, construction and demolition waste management facility, digesterfor dead animal carcass etc.2.3. Location Map of Rewa and Participating ULBs (MSW Service Area)As per SWM Rules 2016, it is mandatory to set up an efficient management of MunicipalWaste including: (1) Waste Collection (2) Transportation (3) Processing and (4) Disposalof Inert Waste through Sanitary Landfill by each ULB but the proposed ULB’s does nothave technical and financial strength to set up the Integrated system on their own,hence to make SWM services financially sustainable and efficient, the project is designedRewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 3
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility Reporton cluster approach i.e. one common integrated solid waste management facility atRewa Town (where waste generation is more and is located in the middle).All the participating towns (Kotar, Kothi, Jaitwara, Govindgarh, Baikunthpur, Naigarhi,Chakghat, Simour, Rampur – Naikin, Majholi – Sidhi, Semaria, Mangawan, Rampur –Baghela, Birsinghpur, Gurh, Churhat, Hanumana, Teonthar, Unchehra, Amarpatan,Chitrakoot, Nagod, New – Ramnagar, Mauganj, Sidhi, Maher, Rewa and Satna) are withina radius of 83 km of Rewa City and all these towns are connected to Rewa through allweather roads. Figure 1 shows the location of ULBs along with approximate distances ofeach ULB from Rewa town. Figure 2 shows the flow diagram of ULB’s.2.4.Current Waste Generation and Waste Generation ForecastRewa Municipal Corporation estimates that the current total waste geration(considering Rewa Town and 27 surrounding ULBs together) to be about 340 TPD.However, considering the population projection and the waste generation forecast, it isproposed to establish the Integrated Waste Management Facility to handle about 700TPD (Design Capacity). Table 2 presents the waste generation forecast from the projectarea.Rewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 4
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility ReportFigure 1: Map showing proposed ULBs with distances from RewaRewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 5
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility ReportFigure 2: Flow Diagram of ULB’sRewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 6
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility ReportTable 2: Waste Generation Forecast from the Project AreaSidhi Dt.Satna DistrictRewa DistrictS.PerPopulation TPD Population TPD PopulationcapitaN 654 82.5 268,80494.1 711,82816Rampur – 5.624,8286.227,65222N. 318.266,47619.973,70424Satna350280,222 98.1 316,240 110.7 361,26325RampurNaikin 25011,9363.012,9183.214,14626Majholi - Sidhi otal985,678 303.8 1,104,756 341.1 1,253,603TPD Population TPD Population TPD Population TPD Population 35,8019.039,6849.944,30411.149,10812.3108.6 363,337 127.2 419,348 146.8 491,117 171.9 566,825 .182,31024.791,25927.4 101,915 30.6 112,997 33.9126.4 417,860 146.3 477,350 167.1 552,134 193.2 630,741 47112.675,02018.8 130,846 32.7 194,492 12425.8 100,241 30.1 118,619 35.6 138,062 41.4387.9 1,453,478 449.9 1,666,112 515.8 1,959,364 605.2 2,272,776 700.5Rewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 7
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility Report2.5. Waste CharacterizationBased on the physical composition analysis of waste, it has been found out that about 57% ofthe waste is biodegradable, 33% are recyclables with very low inert content of only 10%.Table 3: Physical Composition of WasteWaste componentFood, vegetable& other organicwasteTextilePaper, cardboardPlastic and PolytheneGlass & CeramicRubber & LeatherWoodStones & BricksMetalTotal% share56.64.56.618.72.91.51.57.50.31002.6. Employment Generation Due to the Proposed ProjectAbout 100 full time employees and 85 contractual employees will be employed forproject operation.About 400 indirectemployment willbe generated forprimary/secondary collection, transportation etc.3.Project Description3.1. Location of the Project and Project BoundaryThe proposed Integrated SWM Facility will be established in an area of 18.35 hectareslocated in Pahadiya village, Rewa town (google map coordinates: 24 35'44.95"N,81 23'06.10"E). Figure 3 shows the ‘Project Location’, Figure 4 shows TopographicalMap of the Proposed Project (10 km radius) and Figure 5 shows the ‘Project Boundary’on Google map. The proposed layout is presented in Figure 6 and the description ofvarious components of the layout is presented in the following sections.Rewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 8
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility ReportFigure 3: Location/Satellite View of the Proposed SiteRewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 9
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility ReportFigure 4: Topographical Map (10 km radius) of the Proposed SiteRewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 10
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility ReportFigure 5: Project Boundary on Google MapProposedProject locationRewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 11
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility ReportFigure 6: Proposed LayoutRewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 12
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.3.2.Pre-Feasibility ReportAlternative Sites Considered and the Basis for Selection of the Proposed SiteNo alternative sites were considered for development of the Integrated MSW facility.The proposed site based in Pahadiya village, Rewa proves to be the best locationconsidering both the environmental and economical factors. Table-4 below shows thebrief of the location analysis of the site.Table 4: Location Analysis for the Proposed rCriteriaLake or pond(Distance from SW body)Should not be within200 mRiverShould not be within100 mShould not be within100 year flood plainShould not be within200 mShould not be within200 mShould not be within200 mFlood plainHigh way – State orNationalHabitation – Notifiedhabituated areaPublic ParksCritical habitat area –area in which one or more Not suitableendangered species liveReserved Forest areaNot suitableWet landsNot suitableShould not be withinAir Port or Airbase20 kmNo Water supplyWater supply wellwell within 200 mCoastal Regulation AreaNot suitableGW table should beGround Water Table level 2m from the baseof the landfillSensitive eco-fragile areasNot suitableRewa MSW Holding LimitedObservationThere are no lake or Pond locatedwithin 200 m from siteVillage Lake is located – 0.5 km, SENo rivers located within 100m fromsite.Canal- 1.5 km, WMahanadi River Located- 6 km EBihar Nadi located – 8 km NWBichia Nadi located- 12.5 km SWNot in flood prone areaNH- 7 located Approx. 4 km South fromsiteHabitation observed close to siteboundary.None in within 200 m radius of projectsiteNoNone in study areaNoRewa Hawai Patti Airport located 18.5km SouthwestNone in within 200 m radius of projectsiteNot applicableDepth to water levels post monsoonseason in study area is below 5 m(source: CGWB)NoRewa Bihad Eco Park- 12km SWPage 13
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.3.3.Pre-Feasibility ReportSize of the FacilityThe current MSW waste generation from Rewa and surrounding ULBs is about 340 TPD.Considering the population and corresponding waste generation forecast in the year2040, the proposed Integrated SWM Facility will be established to handle about 700tons of MSW per day (700 TPD).3.4.Selection of TechnologiesMunicipal Solid Waste is highly heterogeneous and diverse in shape, density, size, andother physical and chemical parameters. Hence a simple or single method of screeningwill not help in separation of constituents. Besides, the time lag between generation anddelivery will initiate decaying process leading to foul odor making it difficult to handle innormal course. Hence multilevel and multistage separation will have to be adoptedusing appropriate machinery.Though MSW contains valuable constituents, the task of recovering the same iscomplicated and complex. The envisaged recoverable are compost from organicfractions and recyclables like plastics, glasses, metals etc. The Technology selectedshould facilitate maximum recovery of these resources effectively and economically.Compost being the main resource, the process conditions should ensure acceptablequality for the end product at affordable cost.There are several MSW processing technologies, which are being followed in variousparts of the world. Besides source reduction, reuse and recycling, broad categories ofavailable technologies for processing MSW are mentioned below: Thermal Processing Technologies Biological Processing Technologies Physical Processing TechnologiesWaste Processing Technology/GroupWaste Processing TechnologyThermal Processing ationPlasma Arc GasificationBiological Processing TechnologiesRewa MSW Holding LimitedAerobic Digestion (Composting)Page 14
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.Pre-Feasibility ReportAnaerobic Digestion (Biomethanation)Landfillas Bioreactor (Bioreactor Landfill)Physical Processing TechnologiesRefuse-Derived Fuel (RDF)Densification/PelletisationMechanical SeparationSize reduction3.5.Project Description with Process DetailsThe Municipal solid waste collected from the 28 ULB’s will be brought to ISWM Project.The proposed facility consists of material recovery facility (for recovery of recyclables),compost plant, waste to energy plant, sanitary landfill, construction and demolitionwaste (C&D) management facility.The collected MSW consists of mixed and uneven waste so it requires preliminarysorting and segregation. The reusables will be recovered from the material recoveryfacility, bulky materials will be sent to the landfills and the C&D waste will be sent to theconstruction and demolition management facility. Then the screned waste will be sentto composting facility and waste to energy plant.Initially one 6 MW Waste to Energy Plant will be established. At a later stage, when thewaste increases, one more 6 MW Waste to Energy Plant will be established. Aftermeeting the power plant internal consumption, the remaining power will be stepped upby a step-up transformer and exported to the MPEB grid.The complete plantinstrumentation and control system for power plant shall be based on distributedcontrolled system (DCS) philosophy, covering the total functioning requirements ofmeasuring, monitoring, alarming and controlling, logging, sequence interlocks andequipment protection etc.The quantity of the final products resulting from processing facility may vary dependingon the characteristics of incoming waste. The quantity of inert / process rejects sent tolandfill will be restricted to less than 25%.Rewa MSW Holding LimitedPage 15
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd.3.6.Pre-Feasibility ReportWater Requirement and its AvailabilityThe water requirement for the proposed project is estimated to be about 200 KLD.However, with inclusion of second 6 MW Waste to Energy plant in the future, another120 KLD will be requir
Regional Integrated Solid Waste Management Project at Rewa by Rewa MSW Holding Ltd. Pre-Feasibility Report Rewa MSW Holding Limited Page 4 on cluster approach i.e. one common integrated solid waste management facility a
Integrated Solid Waste Management Generation-Source Perspective Residential Collection of Waste Segregation of Waste Recycling waste (organic & inorganic) Waste Exchange Discarded waste Treatment Recovery Final waste Final disposal Hazardous Waste for Treatment & Disposal 3R Services (Healthcare, Laboratory, etc.) Industrial &
3. Urban waste generation by income level and year 12 4. Waste collection rates by income 15 5. Waste collection rates by region 15 6. Waste composition in China 17 7. Global solid waste composition 17 8. Waste composition by income 19 9. Solid waste composition by income and year 20 10. Waste composition by region 21 11. Total MSW disposed of .
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‘Tom Sawyer!’ said Aunt Polly. Then she laughed. ‘He always plays tricks on me,’ she said to herself. ‘I never learn.’ 8. 9 It was 1844. Tom was eleven years old. He lived in St Petersburg, Missouri. St Petersburg was a town on the Mississippi River, in North America. Tom’s parents were dead. He lived with his father’s sister, Aunt Polly. Tom was not clean and tidy. He did not .
