Botany&Conservation
Botany & ConservationA newsletter for alumni and friends of Botany and Conservation BiologySpring/Summer 2016Magnolia soulange ana (Saucer Magnolia), with Birge Hall and the Greenhouse in backgroundContents2Professor Joy Zedlerto retire4Arabidopsis thalianainfographic6Botany World Map:A global reachBotany: botany.wisc.edu Conservation Biology: bacmajor.ls.wisc.edu
NEWS & NOTESNEWS & NOTESJoy Zedler to retire: reminiscence of a Botany and UW Arboretum iconIn Memoriam: Edward (Ed) Wesley Beals (1933-2015)— Steven J. Hall, Assistant Professor, Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University— Susan Will-Wolf, Senior Scientist emerita, Botany, University of Wisconsin-MadisonJoy Zedler is an inspirational mentorand innovative ecologist who has developed and led the interdisciplinary fieldof adaptive restoration ecology over herimpressive career. She showed legions ofher graduate students (at least 30 at UW,and many more at San Diego State) howto creatively blend basic science with thepractical and messy imperatives of wetlandrestoration. Her academic work spans several hundred publications, now collectivelycited tens of thousands of times, whichhave directly or indirectly inspired tremendous progress in how we conduct andconceptualize wetland restoration ecology. Joy’s impact now stretches throughthe ecologists she has trained, who spanthe forefront of restoration practitioners,government and NGO scientists, and academics—both across the U.S. and in LatinAmerica—who continue in her traditionof melding basic and applied research tounderstand and restore wetlands.As a student, I was especially struckby Joy’s generosity in time and spirit.What other distinguished professor allowsan undergraduate to set up shop with asewing machine in her living room toconstruct litterbags, or hosts a gatheringto construct root in-growth cores for anexperiment? Her door was consistentlyEd Beals, a former BotanyDepartment student and colleague, diedon December 27, 2015, in Newberg,Oregon, at age 82.Ed received his PhD in Botany (ecology) at the University of WisconsinMadison in 1961 under Grant Cottam.After four years teaching in Lebanon andEthiopia, he returned to UW-Madison in1965 as Zoology faculty with an adjunctappointment in Botany.Ed’s research ranged widely in community ecology, though focused onthe Neotropics, with a strong secondemphasis on mathematical analysis ofecological data. Over 28 years, he trainedas many ecology grad students in Botanyas in his home department. Alumni willremember Ed chiefly for his teaching:This newsletter is published by theDepartment of Botany at the University of Wisconsin-Madison for alumni,colleagues and friends.Editorial team: David Baum, CarmelaDiosana, Kevin Barrett, Evan Eifler, andS.V. Medaris.Submissions are welcome. Pleasesend comments, ideas and photos to:Alumni News EditorUW Department of Botany430 Lincoln DriveMadison, WI 53706Phone: 608-262-0476Fax: 608-262-7509email: botgrad@ls.wisc.eduwww.botany.wisc.edu2Botany and Conservation Biologydeveloping and team-teaching GeneralEcology with Grant Cottam, teaching Tropical Ecology, and developingCommunity Analysis with Tim Allen andBob Kowal. His pioneering geometricperspective on multivariate statistics wasa great help to students, as was his emphasis on choosing appropriate methods.After retiring from UW-Madisonin 1992, Ed continued his commitmentto ecological education by teaching atUnity College in Maine for 11 years,then botany and evolution at George FoxUniversity in Newberg, Oregon until2012. Ed continued his lifelong love oftravel, plants and birds with trips in hislate 70s to China, Spain and the FalklandIslands (for penguins!). Ed’s scientificcareer was outlasted by a second pursuit,Q&A with Ken Keefover-RingJoy Zedler with neighbor and longtime co-conservationist Cal Dewitt discussing the past,present and future in the middle of Waubesa Wetland. Photo: David Tenenbaumopen, and she would drop whatever shewas doing to graciously help her studentsthrough whatever roadblocks—scientificor otherwise—we encountered. We couldcount on Joy to sketch up a whimsicaldiagram to help us work through the conceptual dilemmas of the day—I still have asheaf of these masterpieces of scientific art.Perhaps most influential for me was herdevotion to training her students in thecraft of scientific writing. Often returningdrafts within hours of their receipt, sheworked and re-worked manuscripts untilour muddled thoughts and data yieldedthe most compelling narrative possible—efforts far beyond the norm for a “typical”advisor. In the midst of running a largeresearch group, Joy also somehow foundtime to host gourmet extravaganzas at herhome, and to provision lab meetings withlegendary baked goods from the backyardbrick oven.Beyond her own productive lab groupand service to the scientific community,Joy donates an enormous amount of timeto the conservation arena. She serves andhas served on dozens of advisory committees and panels, local, national, andinternational, that tackle the thorny policyissues of our time. This work has lead tomajor coups in conservation and restoration—the revitalization of Tijuana Estuary,improved standards for compensatorywetland mitigation, and re-integrationof science and management at the UWArboretum, among many others. In her“retirement”, she will continue to help theTown of Dunn protect the Waubesa wetlands from upstream development, advisethe management of California’s largestestuary (the Bay Delta), continue her longterm plant monitoring in San Diego Baywetlands, develop training programs forthe association of state wetland managers,and prepare long-awaited invited reviewmanuscripts.What are you researching, generallyspeaking?I study the variation of plant secondary chemistry, both intra- and interspecific, over various spatial and temporalscales. I then use these patterns to helpunderstand how plant secondary chemistry mediates interactions between plantsand other organisms. Thus, my workconsists of chemical ecology framed bybiogeography.playing and composing music for theorgan. His students and colleagues fondlyremember Ed’s big parties featuring livelyorgan renditions including Bach’s Toccataand Fugue in D minor as well as less loftyofferings.Assistant Professor of Botany and GeographyTell us about a current project thatyou’re working on and excited about.Currently, I am involved in a largeproject looking at biodiversity in theSalicaceae, a dioecious plant family. Mypart includes examining several Salix(willow) and Populus (poplar) species todetermine whether females and malesdiffer in either floral attraction (scentcompounds in insect-pollinated willows)or non-volatile defensive compoundsfound in both flowers and foliage.Ultimately, we will use this informationto try and understand the current patterns of biodiversity in the family, withover 400 species of Salix and only about30 species of Populus.How did you become interested in yourfield?I had a love for the natural worldfrom an early age. As an undergraduate Istudied biochemistry and chemistry, afterwhich I worked as a chemist in industry.I went back to school to get a graduatedegree to become a biologist and get outof chemistry. Once there, I discovered thefield of chemical ecology and that I coulddo both biology and chemistry.What’s one aspect of your research thatyou’d like the general public to knowmore about?That plants are important becauseof the incredible diversity of secondarycompounds they make. While humansuse these chemicals for fragrances andflavors, medicines, and even pesticides;plants have evolved these compounds tohelp them find mates, deter herbivores,and inhibit other plant competitors.What’s your favorite secondary compound in plants? Why?Terpenoids. They exist in many plantfamilies where they serve roles from signaling to defense, sometime simultaneously. Most smell great and people easilyrecognize many of them (for example thesmell of lavender or pine resin).What do you enjoy in your free time?I like to spend time outside, biking,hiking, or cross-country skiing. I likebuilding and fixing things. But mostly, Ienjoy spending time with my partner andwife.Alumni Newsletter3
EVOLUTION OFENZYMESA rabidopsis thalianaHiroshi MaedaProtein structure modelof Arabidopsis thalianaprephenate aminotransferase. We study thegenetic and biochemical variations found in the pathway enzymesacross different plant species. Such work can aid both structurefunction analysis and plant metabolic engineering.ALBINO SEEDSStacy Anderson, Fernandez LabWe use mutant plant lines to understandbiogenesis of chloroplast membranes.In this young fruit, protein named SecE2,required for Arabidopsis seeds to form photosynthetic membranes, is missing. The plantslacking SECE2 have an albino phenotype (whiteseeds) whereas the non-mutant sibling seeds areable to develop normally (green seeds). PHOTO:DONNA FERNANDEZBEETSMaeda LabPlants produce a diverse array of secondary metabolites, which are derived fromprimary metabolites such as amino acids.The Maeda Lab investigates the biosynthetic pathway of L-tyrosine, which isan essential aromatic amino acid in thehuman diet. In plants, tyrosine is a keyprecursor of many secondary metabolites,including betalain pigments which accumulate in plant families within the orderCaryophyllales and give table beet is distinctive color. PHOTO: SARAH FRIEDRICHCHLOROPLAST PROTEINSFernandez LabThe Fernandez lab studies the targeting properties of chlroplast proteins using fluorescence microscopy. This imagedepicts our protein of interest (shown in cyan) localizing inthe stroma, surrounding the photosynthetic membranes(shown in magenta). IMAGE: RAJNEESH SINGHAL.CHLOROPLASTMEMBRANEMarisa OteguiThe Otegui lab investigatesthe regulation of proteinand membrane trafficking inplant cells to understand howproteins move between organelles. In this confocal micrograph, we see chloroplasts withtheir outer envelope decoratedwith GFP in an Arabidopsisthaliana mutant defective inchloroplast division due tothe lack of a critical proteinfor plastid turnover. IMAGE:CRISTOPH SPITZERCALCIUMSIGNALINGRichard Hilleary, Gilroy LabPlants have an immune system that can distinguish moleculesfrom bacterial pathogens. We investigate the molecularunderpinnings of one of themost canonical signalingpathogen responses, influxof calcium into the cytoplasm.This image series depicts thespatiotemporal distribution ofcalcium influx in root tip cells ofA. thaliana following treatment withflagellin, a protein important for bacterial motility. An increase in magentaindicates an increase in calcium.4Botany and Conservation Biology5 micron1 Hawaiiconnectivity of plant populations in isolated floodplain forest patches.A dense mat of Sphagnum palustre mosscovers the ground of a Hawaiian cloudforest. We study how forest compositionand structure may be impacted by themoss’s spread.7Lisa Schomaker, Hotchkiss Lab2,11 California & ColombiaPhotos: Pringle Lab, JacobGolan (CA, U.S.), Natalia Vargas (Colombia)An invasive population of Amanita phalloides in California and Amanita muscariain Colombia are studied to understandthe ecology and evolution of fungi in newhabitats.3 Sylvania, MichiganKristin Michels, Hotchkiss LabCoring on a frozen lake surface in theSylvania Wilderness. I analyze pollen andcharcoal remains in lake sediment coresto learn about the history of vegetationchanges in Sylvania across the period ofhuman settlement.Richard Barker, Gilroy LabNormalized Difference VegetationIndex (NDVI) photography using visibleand near-infrared imagery can providea non-invasive method to observeplant stress levels, green indicateshealthy tissue while yellow and redindicatesthat plants arediseased.ROOT TIP GROWTHMasatsugo Toyota, Gilroy LabThe Gilroy lab is interested in what makesplant roots grow down and shoots growup. In certain plant cells, heavy starch-filledorganelles called amyloplasts (labelled redin this micrograph) tell the plant the direction of gravity. Compressive forces of theseorganelles affect membranes, such as thevacuolar membrane (labelled green), whichmay then trigger the cellular responsealtering distributions of the hormone auxin,the hormone which causes differentialgrowth in plants.Anne PringleRecording demographic data from apopulation of Xanthoparmelia lichensgrowing on tombstones of a New Englandcemetery.8 South CarolinaAlex Goke, Undergraduate, ConservationBiologyI analyze fecal samples of deer, feralhog, and coyote for seeds of coastalplants of the southeastern U.S. to determine seed dispersal strategies.9 MexicoAlex McAlvay, Emshwiller LabA Rarámuri woman holds a bundle offreshly harvested Field Mustard used todiscourage bolting. I observe collectionsand plantings of this weedy specimen inMexico to study domestication-like processes in real time.4 Michigan10 HaitiWe study the progress of a hemlockre-growth program across the UpperPeninsula of Michigan aimed at limitingdeer herbivory on hemlock seedlings.With the Audubon Society of Haiti, I collected orchids for my work on systematicsof the orchid subtribe Pleurothallidinae.Ali Paulson, Waller Lab5INFRARED LEAVESHarvard Forest, MassachusettsUW ArboretumKatie Laushman, Hotchkiss LabKatie conducts an earthworm survey in theArboretum to better understand the distribution of European earthworms as well asa newly introduced genus of earthworms,Amynthas.6 SheboyganRachel Toczydlowski, Waller LabFlower of Impatiens capensis in a floodplain forest. Rachel is using I. capensisto study if rivers help promote geneticAlfonso Doucette, Cameron Lab12 BoliviaEve EmshwillerFlower of a wild Oxalis species relatedto the Andean tuber crop oca, Oxalistuberosa. I study origins of domesticationand polyploidy in this regionally importantfood crop.13ChileLinda GrahamGiant Equisetum. Marie Trest and LindaGraham use metagenomics to characterize the microbiome of the world’s oldestplant genus (Equisetum) in the world’soldest, driest desert (Atacama).14 Western Cape, South AfricaEvan EiflerThis is the first color photo of Gibbaeumesterhuyseniae (Aizoaceae) in the wild.Inferring the relationships of this ‘ice plant’to others in its genus will help us understand the drivers of speciation in one ofthe most botanically diverse regions onEarth.15 MadagascarNisa Karimi, Baum LabCollecting samples of the iconicMadagascar baobab, Adansonia grandidieri near Lake Ihotry. Extensive samplingacross the island will aid in untangling theevolutionary history of the six Malagasybaobab species.16 Western AustraliaDavid BaumAdansonia gergorii: the sole species ofbaobab occurring outside of Africa. Howthis species got to this remote corner ofAustralia, as well as the role of humans inshaping its population genetics, has interested me for many years.17 New CaledoniaGiovanny Giraldo, Cameron LabEriaxis rigida, one of the two NewCaledonian orchid species related toVanilla, survives the scorching midday sunby angling its leaves upwards. I study howthese New Caledonian orchids relate tothe other orchids of the Vanilleae tribe.18 Hangzhou, ChinaKen CameronI have been collaborating with botanists inHangzhou, China for more than 15 yearsespecially on systematics research focusedon orchids and Smilax.19 Montpellier, FranceDon WallerOn sabbatical in Montpellier,France, Don Waller visits AlleeDeCandolle in the oldest BotanicalGarden in Europe.20 Space StationRichard Barker, Gilroy LabAstronaut Reid Weisman injects achemical fixative called RNAlater inpetri dishes containing Arabidopsisthaliana from the Gilroy Lab andgrown on the international spacestation.See world map withphotos from the fieldon next page Alumni Newsletter5
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STUDENT PROFILESField Notes: Bridget GilmoreBridget Gilmore — ConservationBiology major graduating May 2017While I was abroad, I extended myUW-Madison experience to Australiathrough the School for Field Studies(SFS). My abroad experience was fairlyunique as I spent my semester studying and living in the Wet Tropics WorldHeritage Rainforests of Yungaburra,Queensland, Australia.The highlight of my abroad programwas the Directed Research I conductedover the course of my final month inField Notes: Bri VogelBri is a Conservation Biology andZoology major graduating in May 2016From a young age I was drawn tonature and wildlife, constantly exploring outside and playing inside with adiversity of toy animal figurines fromlions to ladybugs. At UW-Madison, Iknew I wanted to study animals andtheir environments further. Majoringin Conservation Biology and Zoologyhas proven to be the perfect fit for myinterests.These majors gave me the opportunity to take classes on nearly anything Iwas interested in, from entomology toprimatology to environmental economics. I also had the incredible opportunitylast summer to study abroad in Rhotia,Tanzania through the School for FieldStudies. The program focused on wildlifemanagement and conservation and allowed me to apply what learned in myclasses to real-world situations, suchas resolving the conflicts between local8Botany and Conservation BiologyALUMNI NEWSAustralia. I was presented with theopportunity to challenge myself andconduct social science research—afield with which I was very unfamiliar.I ultimately received the DistinguishedStudent Researcher award for conductinga “gap analysis of the supply and demandof Indigenous tourism” in the region.This modest description, fitting for thetitle of my report, understates the impactmy research experience had on me. As ascientist, it is important to remain objective. However, I confess that my DirectedResearch project irreversibly shaped theway I think, specifically my perceptionof time.I interviewed indigenous tourismoperators, strategic tourism planners ofthe region, and indigenous intellectuals.In my first interview with an indigenoustourism operator, I asked him what hewanted tourists to take away from theirexperience in the rainforest. My ownexperience included walking throughthe bush and learning about how theNywaigi aboriginal people of NorthQueensland used plants for food andmedicine. I saw the mangrove ecosystemthe indigenous guides had restored. Ilearned about his people’s history, whichinvolved aboriginal people being huntedfor sport on the weekend and beingkidnapped and brought into the Barnumand Bailey’s Circus as “cannibals.”When I asked the operator what hewanted tourists to remember, I expectedhis response to involve understanding theatrocities white colonialists had committed against the indigenous. Instead hesaid: What I want people to take away isappreciation of you, the legacy you wantto leave behind.His legacy was creating economicopportunity for his people. His responsemade me look carefully at the time Ihave been given. One life is short. Onelife pales in comparison to all the legacies men and women have left behind,stringing humanity together over tens ofthousands of years.people and lions or investigating baboonbehavior and activity budgets from theroof of a land cruiser.For the latter, we constructed anethogram of olive baboon behavior priorto venturing out into Lake ManyaraNational Park. We followed a troop ofbaboons and recorded their activity everyfive minutes for two hours including observations of foraging behavior, locomotion, social interaction, grooming, andaggression to learn aboutthe baboons’ activity budgets and feeding behavior.I fell in love with my timein the field in Tanzania, despite the hundreds of tsetsefly bites I brought home assouvenirs. Working withlocal people and studyinganimals in their naturalhabitat is an opportunityyou should never pass up!Since returning toMadison this year, I focusedmy studies on primates,taking classes in primateconservation and learning skills in primatology. After graduating, I will workwith the Wisconsin National PrimateResearch Center in the summer caringfor marmosets. My love for animals ofall kinds remains, so I
munity ecology, though focused on the Neotropics, with a strong second emphasis on mathematical analysis of ecological data. Over 28 years, he trained as many ecology grad students in Botany as in his home department. Alumni will remember Ed chiefly for his teaching: developing an
Biological Sciences OSU BI 201 General Botany BOT 1404 Biological Sciences OSU-OKC BI 201 General Botany BIOL 1404 1 Biological Sciences OSUIT-OKM BI 201 General Botany BIOL 1404 Biological Sciences OU BI 201 General Botany PBIO 1114 5 Biological Sciences RCC BI 201 General Botany BOT 1114 1 Biological Sciences RSC BI 201 General Botany BIOL 1215 1
2 Botany and Conservation Biology NEWS & NOTES In Memoriam: Orie Loucks (1931–2016), Former UW-Botany Ecologist —Don Waller, Professor of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison The strength of our department’s ecology section traces back to the era of J.T. Curtis and his students who founded UW’s Pla
Botany for degree students. Bryophytes 8th ed. S. Chand and Co. Ltd. Delhi. Schofield, W.B. 1985. Introduction to Bryology. Macmillan Publishing Co. London. Hussain, F. and I. Ilahi. 2004. A text book of Botany. Department of Botany, University of Peshawar. Journals / Periodicals: Pakistan Journal of Botany, International Journal of Phycology and Phycochemsitry, Bryology, Phycology. Title of .
I Introduction to Botany Introduction to Botany, its branches and scope. A brief history of Botany. Botany in Ancient India. Contributions of Indian Botanists – J. C. Bose, BirbalSahni, P. Maheshwari, B.G.L. Swamy, E. K. JanakiAmmal and M. S. Swaminathan. A brief study of historical developments of Kingdom system of classification.
Optional :- Botany o IFS Botany solved papers by Mamata Singh Paper I 1. Botany for Degree Students by A C Dutta 2. The Embryology of Angiosperms by Bhojwani and Bhatnagar 3. A textbook of Botany, vol- I,II & III --- Pandey and Trivedi / A textbook of Botany by Singh, Pandey and Jain 4. Textbook of Bacteria Fungi & Viruses by H.C. Dubey 5.
BOTANY Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) Theory Syllabus Effective from June 2018 . A Text Book of Botany Vol. 1 & 2. S.N. Pandey, P.S. Trivedi and Mishra., Vikas Publication House Pvt. Ltd. Botany for degree students, Algae, Botany for degree students Fungi, Padey,
2. Vasishtha, B.R. 1974 Botany for Degree students Vol I Algae 3. Vasishtha, B.R. 1974 Botany for Degree students Vol III Bryophya 4. Vasishtha, P.C. 1974 Botany for Degree students Vol IV Pteridophyta 5. Vasishtha, P.C. 1976 Botany for Degree students Vol V Gymnosperms 6. Bhatnagar, S.P.
departments that award degrees in botany, with the caveat that some institutions that had removed Botany from the name of their department could retain a botany degree. Even in 2004, with a few exceptions, only Research Universities had Botany departments. Of those surveyed in 2004, 41%
