Was Slavery The Most Important CauseoftheCivilWar?

//www.soldierstudies.org/index.php?action webquest re: Economicdifferences Sectionaldifferences Slavery(slavestatesvs.freestates) Abolitionism onIntermediateSchoolacadwell@lyon.k12.nv.us

e1Source Note:Railroads were under construction in all states east of the Mississippi River by 1850. Most of the lines wereconcentrated in the Northeast, and many of them ran only short distances. A network of lines radiated from Boston, New York City,and Philadelphia. Railroads also linked cities in the Southeast.Competition for trade spurred railroad construction in the East. By the early 1850's, four railroads had built rail lines thatenabled them to haul freight between the Great Lakes region and the East Coast. New York's Erie Railroad opened between Piermontand Dunkirk on Lake Erie in 1851. In 1853, 10 small railroads along the Erie Canal merged to form the New York Central Railroad,which provided service between Albany and Buffalo. By 1852, the Pennsylvania Railroad and the Baltimore and Ohio had openedlines to the Ohio River, one of the most important trade routes in the country. The large railroads took over many smaller lines and soexpanded rapidly.During the 1850's, railroad lines connected Chicago with the Mississippi River, which was a major trade route. TheBaltimore and Ohio reached St. Louis on the Mississippi in 1857. Both Chicago and St. Louis thrived as transportation centers.In 1850, Congress began granting federal land to develop railroads. Government leaders thought railroads would help attract settlers toundeveloped regions of the Midwest and the South. The railroad companies kept some of the land for right of way and sold the rest topay railroad construction costs. The first grant helped build a railroad from the Great Lakes at Chicago to the Gulf of Mexico atMobile, Alabama. Settlers poured into the area along the route after the railroad's completion in hefollowingpage.

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te:Lincoln’s Letter to Horace GreeleyHorace GreeleyLibrary of CongressWritten during the heart of the Civil War, this is one of Abraham Lincoln's most famous letters.Greeley, editor of the influential New York Tribune, had just addressed an editorial to Lincoln called"The Prayer of Twenty Millions," making demands and implying that Lincoln's administration lackeddirection and resolve.President Lincoln made his reply when a draft of the Emancipation Proclamation already lay in hisdesk drawer. His response revealed his concentration on preserving the Union. The letter, whichreceived acclaim in the North, stands as a classic statement of Lincoln's constitutionalresponsibilities. A few years after the president's death, Greeley wrote an assessment of Lincoln.He stated that Lincoln did not actually respond to his editorial but used it instead as a platform toprepare the public for his "altered position" on icialduty;andIintendnomodificationofmyoft- s.net/web/creative/lincoln/speeches/greeley.htm

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aswellasanyon'em."- osttwo,oneafteranother,- ‐- regoingtotakehimawayfromme,- ‐- ‐tosellhim,- ‐- ‐sellhimdownsouth,ma'am,togoallalone,- ‐- !"- whippedtillshecouldn'tstand!"- e,Tom!- ‐- ye,orkillye!- ‐- you,andtake'em,onebyone,tillyegiveup!"- a unclequote.htmSource4B“Fugitive Slaves.” Marion Star. 11 May 1852. Newspapers on microfilm, South Caroliniana Library, Universityof South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.“ Can any one wonder, when such wholesale plunder of the South is of common occurrence, and when it soshamefully boasted of by a leading Northern journal, that the South exhibits some uneasiness, and that itsquirms a little when undergoing such a skinning?”“ As to the negro paradise in Canada, we dare say that the fugitive slaves have discovered that liberty to freezeto death and starve to death is no great luxury after all. Greeley is particularly solicitous that they shall not stopin his neighborhood.”Source: lavearticle1852.htm

in.4. Why is the number of people who read Uncle Tom’s Cabin important to the abolitionistcause?5. After reading the two excerpts from source 4B, restate what the author is saying for eachexcerpt.6. Using information from source 3A, what is the author in source 4B implying about HoraceGreeley, editor of the New York ngslaveryinsource4B?

e 5ASource Note: Published by J. Haven, Boston, 1850Title: andGOONTOSOURCE5B Slavery.htmlDescription of top halfSouthern slaves dance and play as four gentlemen-two Northerners and two Southerners--observe. FirstNortherner: "Is it possible that we of the North havebeen so deceived by false Reports? Why did we notvisit the South before we caused this troublebetween the North and South, and so much hardfeelings amongst our friends at home?" Southerner:"It is as a general thing, some few exceptions, aftermine have done a certain amount of Labor whichthey finish by 4 or 5 P.M. I allow them to enjoythemselves in any reasonable way." SecondSoutherner: "I think our Visitors will tell a differentStory when they return to the North, the thoughts ofthis Union being dissolved is to [sic] dreadful athing to be contemplated, but we must stand up forour rights let the consequence be as it may."Description of bottom halfThe second scene takes place outside a British textilefactory. At left a well-dressed gentleman encounters aragged, stooped figure, and asks, "Why my DearFriend, how is it that you look so old? you know wewere playmates when boys." The stooped figureresponds, "Ah! Farmer we operatives are "fast men,"and generally die of old age at Forty." Behind themand to the right an emaciated mother laments over herragged children, "Oh Dear! what wretched Slaves, thisFactory Life makes me & my children." Nearby standa fat cleric, holding a book of "Tythes," and an equallyfat official holding "Taxes." In the right foregroundtwo barefoot youths converse. The first says,"I sayBill, I am going to run away from the Factory, and goto the Coal Mines where they have to work only 14hours a Day instead of 17 as you do here." The secondresponds, "Oh! how I would like to have such acomfortable place. . . " Near them another man sitsforlorn on a rock, "Thank God my Factory Slavery willsoon be over." In the distance a military camp isvisible. This dismal picture of the lives of the workingclass in manufacturing towns comes from Chapter V,Book Second, of Edward Lytton Bulwer's "Englandand the English," first published in 1833. In the lowermargin is a portrait of "[George] Thompson theEnglish Anti-Slavery Agitator" and the quote "I amproud to boast that Slavery does not breathe inEngland," with reference to "his speech at the AfricanChurch in Belknap St." Thompson made a speakingtour of New York and New England in 1850-51.

e5BSourceNote:"IllustrationsoftheAnti- ‐SlaveryAlmanacfor1840"NewYork:AmericanAnti- nAnti- ofslaverythatwereusedinthe1840edition.American Anti-SlaverySocietyAssembling in Philadelphia,Pennsylvania, abolitionists fromall over the North founded theAmerican Anti-Slavery Societyin December 1833. Theyplanted their faith squarely"upon the Declaration of ourIndependence" written 57 yearsearlier. They acknowledged thatthe U.S. Constitution forbadeinterference with slavery in thesouthern states. They committedthemselves to a peacefulstruggle, reliant on divineguidance, to liberate America ge.

ntdoyoufindmoreconvincing?Why?

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Marion Star. 11 May 1852. Newspapers on microfilm, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina. “ Can any one wonder, when such wholesale plunder of the South is of common occurrence, and when it so shamefully boasted of by a leading Northern journal, that the South exhibits some uneasiness, and that it