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BRAINY IAS12 initiatives to make agriculture viable and remunerativeRelevancy: GS Mains paper III Economy, Agriculture sustainabilityRecently: The Vice President of India, Shri M Venkaiah Naidu has said that despite agriculture being the mainoccupation of most Indians, farmers are finding the profession unattractive because of low andstagnated income and productivity. Government initiatives like Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana, the Pradhan Mantri Fasal BimaYojana (PMFBY), e-NAM and Soil Health Cards are helping the farmers to improve productivity andget better returns, he said. The Vice President has outlined twelve initiatives that might help increase productivity and generateadequate returns to farmers.The twelve initiatives: First is the use of good quality seeds which can enhance productivity by 15 to 20%. Second, a balanced use of fertilizers is essential for raising agricultural productivity. Third, timely institutional credit plays a pivotal role for adoption of innovations by marginal andsmall farmers. Fourth, diversification by supplementing farming with allied activities like dairying, fisheries andpoultry can contribute significantly to increasing farmers’ incomes. Fifth, farm mechanization in India must expand. Sixth, intensification of agriculture and combining agriculture with horticulture and mechanizationof hill agriculture can increase the farmers’ income. Seventh, we must strengthen the ecosystem that encourages agro-based industries. Eighth, there has to be a much better understanding of water use. Ninth, farmers need to realize larger share of the consumer price. Tenth, we may have to consider substantive reforms in the land policy. Eleventh, we need to develop climate change resilient farming practices. Twelfth, knowledge sharing processes must be streamlined.Write answer on brainyias.comWrite in real time conditionsGet your answer evaluated by experts.Artificial intelligence embedded software.Evaluation of 6 parameters.www.brainyias.com

BRAINY IASIndia Ranks 62nd on Inclusive Development IndexRelevancy: GS Prelims, GS Mains paper III Economy, Inclusive development Index, WEFRecently: India was ranked at the 62nd place among emerging economies on an Inclusive Development Index,much below China’s 26th position and Pakistan’s 47th. Norway remains the world’s most inclusive advanced economy, while Lithuania again tops the list ofemerging economies.Indicators of the Index:The index takes into account the: Living standards, Environmental sustainability and Protection of future generations from further indebtedness.About the 2018 index: The 2018 index, which measures progress of 103 economies on three individual pillars - growth anddevelopment; inclusion; and inter-generational equity - has been divided into two parts. The first part covers 29 advanced economies and the second 74 emerging economies. The index has also classified the countries into five sub-categories in terms of the five-year trend oftheir overall Inclusive Development Growth score -- receding, slowly receding, stable, slowlyadvancing and advancing. Despite its low overall score, India is among the ten emerging economies with ‘advancing’ trend. Only two advanced economies have shown ‘advancing’ trend. Among advanced economies, Norwayis followed by Ireland, Luxembourg, Switzerland and Denmark in the top five.BRICS countries: Performance is mixed among BRICS economies, with the Russian Federation ranking 19th, followedby China (26), Brazil (37), India (62) and South Africa (69). Of the three pillars that make up the index,India ranks 72nd for inclusion, 66th for growth and development and 44th for inter-generationalequity.India and neighbours: The neighbouring countries ranked above India include Sri Lanka (40), Bangladesh (34) and Nepal(22). The countries ranked better than India also include Mali, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Ghana, Ukraine,Serbia, Philippines, Indonesia, Iran, Macedonia, Mexico, Thailand and Malaysia. Although China ranks first among emerging economies in GDP per capita growth (6.8 per cent) andlabour productivity growth (6.7 per cent) since 2012, its overall score is brought down by lacklustreperformance on inclusion, the WEF said.What causes income inequalities? The report found that decades of prioritising economic growth over social equity has led tohistorically high levels of wealth and income inequality and caused governments to miss out onavirtuous circle in which growth is strengthened by being shared more widely and generatedwithout unduly straining the environment or burdening future generations.www.brainyias.com

BRAINY IAS Excessive reliance by economists and policy-makers on Gross Domestic Product as the primarymetric of national economic performance is part of the problem.The GDP measures current production of goods and services rather than the extent to which itcontributes to broad socio-economic progress as manifested in median household income,employment opportunity, economic security and quality of life, it added.Write answer on brainyias.comWrite in real time conditionsGet your answer evaluated by experts.Artificial intelligence embedded software.Evaluation of 6 parameters.www.brainyias.com

BRAINY IASMinistry of Defense–Year End Review2017Important Military ExercisesAl Nagah It is the joint exercise between the Indian and Oman Armies. Both armies shared valuable combat expertise on countering terrorist operations in aninternational environment.Suriya Kiran It is Indo - Nepal Joint Military Exercise. It is the 11th and 12thedition of this exercise aimed at training of troops in counter insurgencyoperations in mountainous terrain. It formally incorporated issues related to humanitarian assistance and disaster Relief (HADR).Nomadic Elephant -Indo - Mongolian Joint Military ExerciseThe exercise was aimed at training the troops in counter insurgency & counter terrorism operationsunder the United Nations mandate.Yudh Abhyas - Indo - US Joint Military ExerciseThe theme of the exercise was to build and develop military relations for regional security operationsand peace keeping operations under UN Charter.Mitra Shakti - Indo – Sri Lanka Joint Military ExerciseThe exercise focused on counter terrorism operations in semi urban terrain.Indra - Indo – Russia Joint Tri Service Exercise ( Army, Navy and Air force)This is the first ever tri service exercise ‘INDRA’ between India & Russia.Prabal Dostyk - Indo – Kazakhstan Joint Military ExerciseSampriti - Indo-Bangladesh Joint Military ExerciseIt was aimed at carrying out operations against terrorists and insurgents on the lines of those in the J&Kand NE.Ajeya warrior - Indo – UK Joint Military ExerciseThe aim of the exercise was to build and promote bilateral relations and counter insurgency operationsbetween the two countries.Pralay Sahayam The exercise was conceptualised as Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) exercisebased on an urban flooding scenario in the twin cities of Hyderabad & Secunderabad. The Exercise synergised the efforts of all stakeholders Army, Navy, Air Forces, NDRF, civiladministration, CAPFs and other civil agencies.Indian Navy’s Significant operationsMalabar -IN, US Navy and the Japan Maritime Self - Defence Force (JMSDF) participated in the exercise.The primary objective of the exercise was to enhance maritime cooperation and interoperabilityamongst the participating navies.Varuna - It is a joint navy exercise between India-France.Konkan -It is a bilateral navy exercise between Indian Navy and Britain Navy.SIMBEX - It is the annual bilateral exercise with Republic of Singapore Navy.AUSINDEX – It is the biennial Australia-India Maritime Bilateral Exercise.SLINEX – It is the naval exercise between Sri Lanka-India.

BRAINY IASSambandh -Indian Navy conducted this exercise to showcast its capabilities to ‘Observers’ from 18Friendly Foreign Countries of Indian ocean region (IOR).Major Events and deploymentsNavika Sagar Parikarma Six naval women officers are undertaking Navika Sagar Parikrama on an Indian-built 56 feet longSailing Vessel, INSV Tarini. This is first Indian all-women crew circumnavigation of the globe under sail. Expedition was flagged-off from Goa on Sep 17 and is expected to return to Goa in Apr 18.Goa Maritime Conclave (GMC) ‘Goa Maritime Conclave’ (GMC) was attended by Chiefs of Navy/ Heads of Maritime Agency/representatives of Bangladesh, Indonesia, Maldives, Malaysia, Mauritius, Myanmar, Seychelles,Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand. The Conclave was aimed at ‘Addressing Regional Maritime Challenges’ in the Indian OceanRegion (IOR)INS Kiltan It is an Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) Corvette deployed recently. It is an indigenously designed submarine.INS KalvariIt is a diesel-electric attack submarine which is designed by French company and being manufactured inIndia, deployed recently.Indian air force’s significant eventsProcurementsLight Combat Aircraft (Tejas) It is an advanced multirole aircraft with state-of-art avionics was made under “Make in India” Su-30 MKI - Induction of Su-30 MKI aircraft in the IAF is under progress. The current lot of Su-30 MKI aircraft are being manufactured in HAL through Transfer ofTechnology. Advanced indigenous weapons like 'BrahMos' supersonic cruise missile and ‘Astra’ BeyondVisual Range (BVR) missile has been indigenously integrated and fired from aircraft.Important ExercisesSiam BharatA Command Post Exercise (CPX) was held in Chiang Mai, Thailand from IAF team participated in theexercise.Op SahayamIn the aftermath of cyclone 'Ockhi' the IAF unrelentingly pursued HADR along with NDRF team.Write answer on brainyias.comWrite in real time conditionsGet your answer evaluated by experts.Artificial intelligence embedded software.Evaluation of 6 parameters.

BRAINY IASNavika Sagar Parikrama INSV TariniRelevancy: GS Prelims Sci-tech, INSV TariniRecently: INSV Tarini entered Port Stanley (Falkland islands) today during it’s maiden voyage tocircumnavigate the globe.About Navika Sagar Parikrama: This is the first-ever Indian circumnavigation of the globe by an all-women crew. Smt Nirmala Sitharaman, the Defence minister, had flagged-off INSV Tarini from Goa on 10September 17. The vessel has covered approximately 15000 Nautical miles from Goa, crossing the Equator on25 September 17, Cape Leeuwin on 09 November 17 and Cape Horn on 18 January 18. (Locatethe places on map. They can be asked in the exam) The expedition titled ‘Navika Sagar Parikrama’, is in consonance with the National policy toempower women to attain their full potential. It also aims to showcase ‘Nari Shakti’ on the world platform and help revolutionise societalattitudes and mindset towards women in India by raising visibility of their participation inchallenging environs.About INSV Tarini The indigenously-built INSV Tarini is a 56-foot sailing vessel, which was inducted in the Indian Navyearlier this year, and showcases the ‘Make in India’ initiative on the International forum. The vessel is scheduled to return to Goa in April 2018, on completion of the voyage. The expedition is being covered in five legs, with stop-overs at fourports: Fremantle (Australia), Lyttleton (New Zealand), Port Stanley (Falklands), and CapeTown (South Africa). The crew has also been collating and updating meteorological, ocean and wave data on a regularbasis for accurate weather forecast by India Meteorological Department (IMD), as also monitoringmarine pollution on the high seas.Write answer on brainyias.comWrite in real time conditionsGet your answer evaluated by experts.Artificial intelligence embedded software.Evaluation of 6 parameters.www.brainyias.com

BRAINY IASWealth Of The NationRelevancy G.S. Paper 3 WEF 2018 to be lead by India Concerns of the forum Government’s effortsRecently: Prime Minister Narendra Modi would lead the “largest ever” Indian contingent to Switzerland duringthe four-day World Economic Forum 2018 in the Swiss Alps town of Davos on January 23. He would be the first Indian PM to attend Davos in over two decades. This year’s agenda for WEF includes “sustainable and inclusive economic development”.What concerns the forum and why? Rising global inequality is the main concern of the forum. The inequality worries them because it makes economic growth unsustainable, corrodes politics andundermines democracy. Such inequalities lead to a breakdown of the social contract. Due to this people feel that the only way to get rich is through violence, crime and corruption.Why is the list of Indian Billionaires not so special? According to a Credit Suisse Global Wealth data for India, in 2017, 73 per cent of the increase inwealth in India went to the top one per cent. India now has 101 billionaires, with 17 new billionaires added last year. They have not all earned this wealth through hard work — 37 per cent of India’s billionaires haveinherited wealth. There are only four women billionaires and three of them inherited family wealth.What should the government do? The government must act against rising inequality. First, India must promote inclusive growth by ensuring that the income of the bottom 40 per cent ofthe population grows faster than of the top 10 per cent It can be achieved by promoting labour-intensive sectors that will create more jobs, investing morein agriculture and implementing fully social protection schemes Second, it should take stringent measures against tax evasion and avoidance Tax the super-rich by re-introducing inheritance tax and increasing the wealth tax It desperately needs more revenues to increase public expenditures on health and education Third, the government needs to collect and make available regular and high quality data on incomeand wealth It is the lack of availability of such data,that has allowed inequality to creep up to such high levels inIndia.Write answer on brainyias.comWrite in real time conditionsGet your answer evaluated by experts.Artificial intelligence embedded software.Evaluation of 6 parameters.www.brainyias.com

The Vice President of India, Shri M Venkaiah Naidu has said that despite agriculture being the main occupation of most Indians, farmers are finding the profession unattractive because of low and . Visual Range (BVR) missile has been indigenously integrated and fired from aircraft. Importa

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