Semester I & II

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MANONMANIAM SUNDARANAR UNIVERSITY, TIRUNELVELIB.Sc. PHYSICS (Choice Based Credit System)(with effect from the academic year 2017-2018 onwards)Semester I & IISemIPartNo.Part I1LanguagePart II2Language3Core-14Core-25.6PartIIIPartIVSubject TypeCL P Credit66 0466 0444 04Properties of matter andAcoustics44 04Major Practical-IPractical-I20 22Allied Physics Paper-144 047Allied Paper -1Allied Practical -1Allied Practical-120 228CommonEnvironmental Studies22 02TotalTamil/Other Languages3066 04EnglishThermal physics andStatistical mechanics66 0444 04Optics44 04Practical-IIAllied Physics Paper-2Practical-2Value Based education2420 24 00 224222 02Part I9LanguagePart II10Language11Core-312Core-4Major Practical-IIPartIIIIIPart IV13141516Allied Paper-2Allied Practical -2CommonSubject TitleTamil/Other LanguagesEnglishMechanics and RelativityTotalC- Contact hours /week L- Lecture hours/week2630P – Practical hours /weekPage 1 of 2326

Semester III and IVSemPartSubjectCrIMEM TotPart ITamil/Other Languages642575100Part IIEnglish5. Electricity (Core sub)644425257575100100Major Practical-III215050100Allied Subject-II (With theory and practicals)1.Theory- 0022Total3023Tamil/Other Languages6425751006425751006. Electromagnetism (Core Sub)442575100Practical-IVAllied Subject-II (with theory and practical)1. Theory - Paper-II2. 42575100Non-Major Elective : Paper-II222575100Common : Computer for Digital Era *22Extension activity-1---Total3024IIIPart III 2.Practicals-1Allied Subject-II (Theory alone)1.Theory- Paper-ISkill based subject (Any one )a. Maintanance of Electrical appliancesb. AstrophysicsNon-Major Elective : Paper-IPart IVCommon-Yoga *Part IIVTHPart I I EnglishPart IIIAllied Subject-II (with theory alone)1.Theory- Paper-IISkill based subject (Any one )a) Maintanance of Electronic appliancesb) Physics of Human AnatomyPart IVPart VPage 2 of 23

MSU/ 2017-18 / UG-Colleges / Part-III (B.Sc.Physics) / Semester – I / Core - 1MECHANICS AND RELATIVITYUNIT-I: VECTORSVector analysis - components of a vector - gradient of a scalar point function-divergence andcurl of vector point function- angular momentum as a vector-product of two vectors - workas a scalar product of two vectors - line, surface and volume integrals - Gauss divergence,Stoke’s and Green’s theoremsUNIT-II: CONSERVATION LAWSLaws of conservation of energy, linear momentum and angular momentum - work energytheorem - work done by gravitational force - work done by spring force - potential energy conservative and non conservative forces - potential energy curve - centre of mass - Twobody problem and reduced mass - central field motion - motion of planets in elliptical orbits- proof of Kepler’s second and third laws - Rocket motion - systems of varying mass multistage rocket.UNIT-III: DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIESTranslational and rotational motion - Angular momentum and angular impulse - moment ofinertia and radius of gyration - moment of inertia of a thin circular ring, solid sphere, solidcylinder. - parallel axis and perpendicular axis theorem - Compound pendulum - theory equivalent simple pendulum - reversibility of centres of oscillation and suspension determination of g and k -Newton’s second law for rotation – torque,work, rotational kineticenergy and expression for power during rotation - Kinetic energy of rolling - Acceleration ofa uniform body, rolling down an inclined plane. Precessional motion - Gyrostat .UNIT-IV: HYDROSTATICS AND HYDRODYNAMICSPressure and thrust - Thrust on a plane surface immersed in a liquid - centre of pressure centre of pressure on a rectangular lamina, a triangular lamina. Laws of floation determination of meta centric height of a ship - steady and streamline flow - equation ofcontinuity - energy of a fluid - Bernoulli’s theorem – proof - pitot’s tube and venturimeter.UNIT-V: RELATIVITYIntroduction - Reference frames-inertial frames - the ether hypothesis - Michelson morleyexperiment - Postulates of special theory of relativity - Lorentz transformation equations Lorentz Fitzgerald contraction - time dilation - relativistic addition of velocities - velocityaddition theorem - simultaneity - relativistic mass - relativistic momentum - mass energyequivalence. Relation between total energy, rest mass energy and momentum. Acceleratedframes and gravity - general theory of relativity (basics) - gravity waves.BOOKS FOR STUDY1. Mechanics - D.S. Mathur - S Chand & Co2. Mechanics and mathematical physics - R.Murugeshan -S Chand & Co. Pvt. Ltd., NewDelhi.Books for Reference1. Fundamentals of Physics, 6th Edition, by D Halliday, R Resnick and J Walker. Wiley NY2001.2. Mechanics - Berkely physics course: Charles Kittel-Tata Mc Graw Hill Publication3. Mathematical physics - Satya Prakakash- S Chand & Co. Pvt. Ltd.,4. Mechanics - NarayanamoorthyPage 3 of 23

MSU/ 2017-18 / UG-Colleges / Part-III (B.Sc.Physics) / Semester – I / Core - 2PROPERTIES OF MATTER AND ACOUSTICSUNIT-I: ELASTICITYHooke’s law - Stress-strain diagram - Elastic moduli-Relation between elastic constants Poisson’s Ratio-Expression for Poisson’s ratio in terms of elastic constants - experimentaldetermination of poisson’s ratio of rubber - Twisting couple on a cylinder -Work done intwisting a wire - Torsional pendulum- Determination of Rigidity modulus and moment ofinertia - q, n and σ by Searles method -I - section girdersUNIT-II: BENDING OF BEAMSBending of beams - Expression for bending moment - Cantilever - Expression for cantileverdepression and oscillations - theory and experiments. Uniform bending and Non-uniformbending - theory and experiments .UNIT-III: FLUIDSSurface Tension - Synclastic and anticlastic surfaces - Excess of pressure - application tospherical and cylindrical drops and bubbles - variation of surface tension with temperature Jaegar’s method. Capillary rise - Experimental determination of surface tension by capillaryrise - angle of contact of mercury-Quincke’s method. Viscosity - Rate flow of liquid in acapillary tube - Poiseuille’s formula - Determination of coefficient of viscosity by capillaryflow - Variations of viscosity of a liquid with temperature- lubricants.UNIT-IV: SOUNDSound - Simple harmonic motion - free, damped, forced vibrations and resonance -Helmholtzresonator-laws of transverse vibration of strings - Sonometer-Determination of ACfrequency using sonometer - Determination of frequency using Melde’s apparatus. Decibels- Intensity levels - musical notes - musical scale.UNIT-V: ULTRASONICSUltrasonics - production - piezoelectric method-magnetostriction method- detection properties – applications. Acoustics - Intensity level and loudnessAcoustics of buildings: Reverberation - reverberation time - derivation of Sabine’s formula- determination of absorption coefficient - optimum reverberation time-factors affectingacoustics of buildings-sources of noises and its control-sound level meter.BOOKS FOR STUDY1. Properties of matter - Murugeshan R, S Chand & Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi2. Text book of sound - Brij Lal & Subramaniam, N Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi,1982BOOKS FOR REFERENCE1. Elements of Properties of Matter - Mathur D S, Shyamlal Charitable Trust, New Delhi, 19932. Fundamentals of General Properties of Matter - Gulati H R, R Chand & Co. New Delhi, 19823. Waves & Oscillations - Subrahmanyam N & Brij Lal, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.,New Delhi, 19944. A Textbook of Sound - Khanna D R & Bedi R S, Atma Ram & Sons, New Delhi 19855. Fundamentals of Physics, - D Halliday, R Resnick and J Walker, Wiley NY 2001. 6thEdition6. The Feynman Lectures on Physics, , - R P Feynman, RB Leighton and M Sands, Narosa,New Delhi, 1998. Vols. I, II and IIIPage 4 of 23

MSU/ 2017-18 / UG-Colleges / Part-III (B.Sc.Physics) / Semester – I / MajorPractical - IPRACTICAL-1(8 EXPERIMENTS COMPULSORY)1. Youngs modulus - non uniform bending - pin and microscope2. Youngs modulus - uniform bending - optic lever and telescope3. Youngs modulus - cantilever – depression4. 4.Torsional pendulum -Rigidity modulus and moment of inertia (with & withoutmasses )6. Co-efficient of viscosity-Stoke’s method5. Surface tension – Capillary rise.6. Sonometer – Verification of laws7. Sonometer- determination of AC frequency8. Compound pendulum - g and I9. Melde’s string – determination of frequency- transverse and longitudinal modesPage 5 of 23

MSU/ 2017-18 / UG-Colleges / Part-III (B.Sc.Physics) / Semester – I / Allied - IALLIED PHYSICS – IUNIT I : ELASTICITY AND BENDING MOMENTHooke’s law – Elastic moduli – Relation between elastic constants – Work done in stretchinga wire – Expression for bending moment - uniform bending- Experiment to determineYoung’s modulus using pin and microscope-Twisting couple of a wire – Expression forcouple per unit twist – Work done in twisting – Experimental determination of rigiditymodulus of a wire usingTorsion pendulum with theoryUNIT II: SURFACE TENSION AND VISCOSITYSurface tension – Definition – Examples – Molecular interpretation – Expression for excessof pressure inside a synclastic and anticlastic surface-Application to spherical and cylindricaldrops and bubblesViscosity: Coefficient of viscosity – Rate of flow of liquid in a capillary tube (Poisueuille’sformula) – Analogy between liquid flow and current flow – Stokes’ formula for highlyviscous liquids (Dimension method) – Experimental determination of viscosity of highlyviscous liquid (stokes’ method)UNIT III: SOUNDSimple harmonic motion – Free, damped ,forced vibrations and resonance – Composition oftwo SHMs along a straight line and in perpendicular direction – Melde’s string experiment– Determination of frequency of tuning fork(both longitudinal and transverse mode)Unit IV : Thermal physics : Mean free path- Expression for mean free path (Zero orderapproximation) – Transport phenomena – Expression for viscosity and thermal conductivity– Conduction in solids – coefficient of thermal conductivity – Lee’s disc method to determinethermal conductivity of a bad conductor – Wiedmann – Franz’s law – Convection : Newton’slaw of cooling – Experimental verification – Radiation : Black body radiation – Distributionof energy in black body spectrum – Important features.UNIT V: OPTICSInterference: Condition for interference-Air wedge-determination of thickness of a thin wireby air wedge.Diffraction: Fresnel & Fraunhofer diffraction-Plane diffraction grating- theory andexperiment to determine wavelength (normal incidence)Polarization: Double refraction- half wave and quarter wave plate – Production anddetection of plane, elliptically and circularly polarized light.Books for study1. Optics – Brijlal & Subramanian2. Properties of matter – R.Murugesan3. Heat & Thermodynamics – D.S.MathurReference Books1.Heat and thermodynamics - Brijlal & Subramanian, S Chand & Co., New Delhi2.Fundamentals of Optics by Jenkins A Francis and White E Harvey, McGRaw HillInc., New Delhi, 1976.3. Elements of Properties of Matter by Mathur D S, Shyamlal Charitable Trust, NewDelhi, 1993Page 6 of 23

MSU/ 2017-18 / UG-Colleges / Part-III (B.Sc.Physics) / Semester – I /Allied Practical - IPRACTICAL- 1 (8 experiments compulsory)1.Youngs modulus - non uniform bending - pin and microscope2.Youngs modulus - uniform bending - optic lever and telescope3.Torsional pendulum -Rigidity modulus4.Co-efficient of viscosity-Stoke’s method5.Co-efficient of viscosity-variable pressure head6.Thermal conductivity of a bad conductor - Lee’s disc method.7.Spectrometer –dispersive power8.Spectrometer - grating - -normal incidence method.9.Air wedge - thickness of a wire10.Melde’s string-frequency of tuning forkPage 7 of 23

SEMESTER- III PAPER –V : ELECTRICITYL4T0P0UNIT-1: ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIALIntroduction-electric charge- coulomb’s law-electric field-lines of force- electricflux-Gauss’s law-applications-coulomb’s law from Gauss’s law- electric field at a pointdue to point charge-line charge- spherically symmetric charge distribution-sheet ofcharge. -electric potential- relation connecting electric field and potential- equipotentiallines and surfaces -potential at a point due to point charge-collection of entialenergy(12L)UNIT-II: THERMO ELECTRICITYSeebeck effect- laws of thermo e.m.f-– measurement of thermo e.m.f usingpotentiometer-Peltier effect-demonstration—Thomson effect- demonstration thermodynamics of thermo couple –thermo electric power diagram –usesapplicationsthermopile-Boy’s radio micrometre –thermo-milli ammeter (11L)UNIT-III: CHEMICAL EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CURRENTIntroduction -Faradays laws of electrolysis- electrical conductivity of an electrolytespecific conductivity- Kohlrausch’s bridge method of determining the specific conductivityof an electrolyte -Arrhenius theory of electrolytic dissociation- –-mobility of ions- Secondarycells- Gibbs –Helmholtz equation for a reversible cell (10L) .UNIT-IV: STEADY CURRENT AND TRANSIENT CURRENTCurrent and current density-ohm’s law in vector form-conversion of galvanometer intovoltmeter and ammeter-kirchoff’s law-application to wheatstone’s network - Growth anddecay of current in a circuit containing L and R with d.c.voltages - growth and decayof charge in a capacitance ,resistance circuit- determination of high resistance by leakage–growth and decay of charge in LCR circuit-conditions for the discharge to be oscillatory–frequency of oscillation (15L)UNIT-V: ALTERNATING CURRENTAlternating Current- j operator method –use of j operator in the study of ACcircuits-Resistance in an AC circuit-Inductance in an AC circuit- Capacitance in an ACcircuit-AC through an inductance and resistance in series- capacitance and resistance inseries – LCR series resonance circuit -sharpness of resonanceparallel resonance circuit power in an AC circuit-power factor. (12L)Books for study1. Electricity and Magnetism -R. Murugesan (S.Chand &Co.)Books for Reference1. Electricity and Magnetism -D.N.Vasudeva (Twelfth revised edition)2. Electricity and Magnetism - K.K.Tiwari (S.Chand &Co.)3. Electricity and Magnetism -E.M.Pourcel,Berkley Physics Cource, Vol.2 (Mc GrrawHill)4. Electricity and Magnetism - Tayal (Himalalaya Publishing Co.)5. Fundamentals of Physics, 6th Edition, by D Halliday, R Resnick and J Walker. wileyNY 2001.Page 8 of 23C4

LTPSKILL BASED ELECTIVE - SEMESTER-III4 0 0(For Physics major students only) (Any one)1. PAPER 1.a MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRICAL APPLIANCESPreamble:This course enable the students to understand the operations and safetyhandling of certain commonly used domestic appliances. The paper needs a basicknowledge in electricity and magnetism and the learners are expected to gain knowledge todesign and trouble shoot electrical circuits .UNIT-I:Resistance - capacitance - inductance and its units - electrical charge - current potential - units and measuring meters - Ohm’s law - Galvanometer, ammeter, voltmeter andmultimeter. Electrical energy - power - watt - kWh - consumption of electrical power. (12L)UNIT-II:Transformer - principle and working - classification of transformers - testing oftransformers - Core, Shell and Berry types, auto transformer - construction and uses. Coolingof transformers - Losses in transformer.(10) Unit-III:Electric bulbs – Fluorescent lamps - Street Lighting - Electric Fans - Wet Grinder Mixer - Water Heater - Storage and Instant types-electric iron box- microwave oven Washing Machine - Stabilizer, Fridge and Air conditioner. (13L) UNIT-IV:AC and DC- Single phase and three phase connections - RMS and peak values-housewiring - Star and delta connection - overloading - earthing - short circuiting - colour code forinsulation wires (13L) UNIT-V:Electrical protection - Relays - Fuses - Electrical switches - Circuit breakers- ELCB- overload devices - ground fault protection - Inverter - UPS - generator and motor(12L)Books for study and Reference1. A text book in Electrical Technology - B L Theraja - S Chand & Co.2. A text book of Electrical Technology - A K Theraja3. Performance and design of AC machines - M G Say ELBS Edn.4. Semi conductor physics and opto electronics by P K Palanichamy5. Basic Electronics - B L Theraja - S Chand & Co.6. Principles of Communication Engineering - Arokh Singh and A K Chhabra - SChand & Co.Page 9 of 23C4

LTPCPAPER 1.b. ASTROPHYSICS40 0 4Preamble: This course provides an understanding of Astrophysics,Astronomical instruments and the Origin of the universe. The paper needs a basicknowledge in optics and modern physics and the learners are expected to know celestialobjects.UNIT-I : ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENTSOptical telescope - reflecting telescope - types of reflecting telescope - advantages ofreflecting telescope - Radio telescopes - astronomical spectrographs – photographicphotometry - photo electric photometry - detectors and image processing. (12L)UNIT-II: SOLAR SYSTEMThe sun-physical and orbital data - Photosphere - Chromosphere - corona - solarprominences - sunspot - sunspot cycle - theory of sunspots - solar flare - mass of the sun solar constant - temperature of the sun - source of solar energy - solar wind. other membersof the solar system - Mercury - Venus - Earth - Mars - Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune Pluto - Moon - Bode’s law - asteroids - comets - meteors. (14L)UNIT-III: STELLAR EVOLUTION, BINARY AND VARIABLE STARSBirth of a star - Death of a star - Chandrasekhar limit - white dwarfs - Neutron stars - blackholes - Quasars - Nebulae - Supernovae - Binary stars - Origin of binary stars-variable stars- cepheid variables - RV Tauri variables - long period variables - irregular variables - flarestars. (10L) UNIT-IV: MAGNITUDES, DISTANCE AND SPECTRALCLASSIFICATION OF STARSMagnitude and brightness - apparent magnitude of stars - absolute magnitude ofstars - relation between apparent magnitude and absolute magnitude of stars - Luminositiesof stars - measurement of stellar distance - Geometrical parallax method - distance fromred shift measurement - Harvard system of spectral classification . (11L)UNIT-V: THEORIES OF THE UNIVERSE, GALAXIES AND STAR CLUSTERSOrigin of the universe - the big bang theory - the steady state theory - the oscillatinguniverse theory - Hubble’s law. Galaxies - types of galaxies - Milky Way - star clusters open clusters - globular clusters. (13L)Books for study and reference:1. K.S. Krishnasamy, ‘Astro Physics a modern perspective,’ Reprint, New AgeInternational (p) Ltd, New Delhi,2002.2. Baidyanath Basu, ‘An introduction to Astro physics’, second printing, prentice - Hallof India Private limited, New Delhi,2001.3. R. Murugesan, ‘ Modern Physics’, Eleventh revised edition, S. Chand & CompanyLtd, New Delhi, 2003.4. S. Kumaravelu, ‘Astronomy, Janki calendar corporation, Sivakasi, 19935. Baker and Fredrick, ‘Astronomy, ninth edition, Van No strand Rein hold, Co, NewYork - 1964.6. Illustrated World of Science Encyclopedia - Vol I and Vol VIII - Creative worldpublication - Chicago.Page 10 of 23

PRACTICAL- III2-HRSPreamble: To learn physical concepts through experiments(8 experiments compulsory)1. Ballistic Galvanometer- Figure of merit2. Ballistic Galvanometer – Comparison of Capacitance (C1/C2)3. Field along the axis of a coil carrying current– Deflection magnetometer- dipolemoment of a bar magnet4. Comparison of Magnetic Moments – Deflection Magnetometer (Tan A andTan B position)5. Series Resonance Circuit6. De Sauty Bridge7. Potentiometer- Calibration of Ammeter8. Potentiometer-Calibration of low range Voltmeter9. Carey Foster’s Bridge – Specific Resistance10. Spectrometer- i-d curvePage 11 of 23

LTPC2002SEMESTER- III (Any one)(For those who do not study Physics as Major / Allied Subject)PAPER 1.a BASIC PHYSICS -1Preamble: Objective of the paper is to provide a basic knowledge in Physics for studentswho do not study physics as major/allied subjectUNIT I: MECHANICSMotion-speed, velocity, acceleration- force –equations of motion- Newton's laws momentum - work, powe

Properties of matter and Acoustics 4 4 0 4 Major Practical-I Practical-I 2 0 6 Allied Paper -1 Allied Physics Paper-1 4 4 0 4 7 Allied Practical -1 Allied Practical-1 2 0 2 2 Part IV 8 Common Environmental Studies 2 2 0 2 Total 30 26

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