Gary Cambers And Steve Sibley Cambridge IGCSE Geography

Cambridge University Press978-0-521-75784-3 - Cambridge IGCSE Geography CoursebookGary Cambers and Steve SibleyFrontmatterMore informationGary Cambers and Steve SibleyCambridge IGCSEGeographyCoursebookCompletely Cambridge – Cambridge resources for Cambridge qualificationsCambridge University Press works closely with University of Cambridge InternationalExaminations (CIE) as parts of the University of Cambridge. We enable thousands of studentsto pass their CIE exams by providing comprehensive, high-quality, endorsed resources.To find out more about University of Cambridge International Examinationsvisit www.cie.org.ukTo find out more about Cambridge University Pressvisit www.cambridge.org/cie in this web service Cambridge University Presswww.cambridge.org

Cambridge University Press978-0-521-75784-3 - Cambridge IGCSE Geography CoursebookGary Cambers and Steve SibleyFrontmatterMore informationCAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESSCambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore,São Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, TokyoCambridge University PressThe Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UKwww.cambridge.orgInformation on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521757843 Cambridge University Press 2010This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exceptionand to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,no reproduction of any part may take place without the writtenpermission of Cambridge University Press.First published 2010Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, CambridgeA catalogue record for this publication is available from the British LibraryISBN 978-0-521-75784-3 Paperback with CD-ROM for Windows and MacCover image: Boaz Rottem /AlamyIllustrations: Kathy Baxendale and Pete SmithPhoto research: Suzanne WilliamsCambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence oraccuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to inthis publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is,or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, traveltimetables and other factual information given in this work are correct atthe time of first printing but Cambridge University Press does not guaranteethe accuracy of such information thereafter. in this web service Cambridge University Presswww.cambridge.org

Cambridge University Press978-0-521-75784-3 - Cambridge IGCSE Geography CoursebookGary Cambers and Steve SibleyFrontmatterMore informationCONTENTSIntroductionviiPart AGeographical Themes – Preparing for Paper 11Theme 1 Population and Settlement3Topic 1Population growth4Case Study 1a: Rapid population growth in Niger6Case Study 1b: Population decline in Russia8Topic 2Topic 3Topic 4Topic 5Topic 6Topic 7Topic 8Topic 9Too many or too few?10Case Study 2a: Overpopulation in Nigeria12Case Study 2b: Underpopulation in Australia14Population structure and control16Case Study 3a: Reducing population in China18Case Study 3b: Increasing population in Singapore20Population density22Case Study 4a: Low population density in Namibia24Case Study 4b: High population density in Japan26International migration28Case Study 5: Polish workers move into the UK30Rural settlements32Case Study 6a: Rural settlement in Ethiopia34Case Study 6b: Rural settlement in France36Urban settlements38Case Study 7a: Urban settlements in Sardinia40Case Study 7b: Barcelona – urban land use42Urbanisation44Case Study 8a: Urbanisation in Peru – Lima46Case Study 8b: Urbanisation in India – Mumbai48Urban problems50Case Study 9a: Urban problems and solutions – Cairo52Case Study 9b: Urban problems and solutions – Baltimore 54Topic 10 Urban sprawlCase Study 10: Urban sprawl in AtlantaGlobal Issue 1 HIV/AIDS565860iii in this web service Cambridge University Presswww.cambridge.org

Cambridge University Press978-0-521-75784-3 - Cambridge IGCSE Geography CoursebookGary Cambers and Steve SibleyFrontmatterMore informationContentsTheme 2 The Natural Environment61Topic 11 Plate tectonics62Case Study 11a: A volcano in Chile64Case Study 11b: An earthquake in China66Topic 12 Weathering68Topic 13 Rivers – from source to mouth70Case Study 13a River erosion – Niagara Falls72Case Study 13b River deposition – the Ganges delta74Topic 14 CoastsCase Study 14a Coastal erosion – The Twelve Apostles78Case Study 14b Coastal deposition – the Hel spit80Topic 15 Coral reefsCase Study 15 The Great Barrier Reef, Australia8284Topic 16 Weather and climate86Topic 17 Tropical rainforests88Case Study 17 Madagascar’s rainforestTopic 18 Hot desertsCase Study 18 The Sahara Desert and MaliTopic 19 Natural hazardsCase Study 19a Cyclone Nargis – MyanmarCase Study 19b Drought in AustraliaTopic 20 Human activity has impacts9092949698100102Case Study 20a Floods in Mozambique104Case Study 20b National Parks in Costa Rica106Global Issue 2 Reducing carbon emissionsiv76108Cambridge IGCSE Geography in this web service Cambridge University Presswww.cambridge.org

Cambridge University Press978-0-521-75784-3 - Cambridge IGCSE Geography CoursebookGary Cambers and Steve SibleyFrontmatterMore informationContentsTheme 3 Economic Developmentand the Use of Resources109Topic 21 Agriculture110Case Study 21a Subsistence agriculture in Brazil112Case Study 21b Commercial agriculture in New Zealand114Topic 22 Food shortagesCase Study 22 Famine in Darfur, SudanTopic 23 Work and employment116118120Case Study 23a Changing employment – South Africa122Case Study 23b Changing employment – Russia124Topic 24 Manufacturing industryCase Study 24 Manufacturing steel – PakistanTopic 25 Hi-tech industryCase Study 25 Hi-tech industry in BangaloreTopic 26 Tourism126128130132134Case Study 26a Tourism in the Seychelles136Case Study 27b Tourism in Dubai138Topic 27 Energy supply and demand140Case Study 27a Fuelwood in D.R. Congo142Case Study 27b Oil in Saudi Arabia144Case Study 27c Renewable energy in Iceland146Topic 28 Generating electricityCase Study 28 Electricity generation in FranceTopic 29 WaterCase Study 29 The Lesotho Highlands Water ProjectTopic 30 Damaging the environment148150152154156Case Study 30a Soil erosion in Nepal158Case Study 30b Global warming – the Maldives160Case Study 30c Deforestation in Amazonia, Brazil162Topic 31 Conservation and management164Case Study 31a The Arctic166Case Study 31b The Antarctic168Global Issue 3 Reduce, reuse, recycle170v in this web service Cambridge University Presswww.cambridge.org

Cambridge University Press978-0-521-75784-3 - Cambridge IGCSE Geography CoursebookGary Cambers and Steve SibleyFrontmatterMore informationContentsPart BGeographical Skills – Preparing for Paper 2Map work 1 Monsefu, Peru172Map work 2 Harare, Zimbabwe178Map work 3 Ewaso Kedong, Kenya184Map work 4 Montego Bay, Jamaica190Map work 5 Negara, Indonesia196Map work 6 Le Port, Reunion Island202So what map skills do we need?208Part CThe Alternative to Coursework –Preparing for Paper 4209Topic 1 Investigating the CBD210Topic 2 Investigating rivers218Topic 3 Investigating tourism226Topic 4 Investigating weather234So what coursework could we do?242Resourcesvi171243World dge IGCSE Geography in this web service Cambridge University Presswww.cambridge.org

Cambridge University Press978-0-521-75784-3 - Cambridge IGCSE Geography CoursebookGary Cambers and Steve SibleyFrontmatterMore informationINTRODUCTIONThe Cambridge IGCSE Geography coursebook and CD-ROM have been writtenspecifically to prepare students for Papers 1, 2 and 4 of the CIE examination.Part A: Geographical Themes –Preparing for Paper 1Part A deals with the syllabus themes in the order of the syllabus. As the contentspage illustrates, there is a close and deliberate link in Part A to the syllabus. Thefollowing three themes are covered:Theme 1: Population and SettlementTheme 2: The Natural EnvironmentTheme 3: Economic Development and the Use of Resources.The authors have translated the syllabus themes into 31 generic topics, each ofwhich is covered on a double-page spread to introduce the topic. Twenty-nineof these topics are then followed by at least one but usually two case studies oftopical and relevant examples from over 40 different countries, most of whichhave CIE centres where candidates take the IGCSE Geography examination. Thethree case study questions on Paper 1 are worth 21 out of 75 marks, so centresthat have been requesting resources to prepare candidates more effectivelyfor this part of the examination will find a wide range of examples to use. Allare resource-based and involve problem-solving and free-response writing asrequired. At the end of each set of case studies there is a sample case studyquestion provided for students to attempt, based on the examples provided orfrom others they have been taught. A global issue is studied at the end of eachtheme, and a full world map showing countries covered by the case studies isprovided at the start (on page 2).Part B: Geographical Skills –Preparing for Paper 2This paper is mainly skills-based and tests a candidate’s ability to handle variousways of depicting geographical information without requiring specific placeknowledge as in Paper 1. As one examination question will be based on a largescale (1:25 000 or 1:50 000) topographical map of a tropical area, Part B of thetextbook provides six examples of such maps, from Peru, Zimbabwe, Kenya,Jamaica, Indonesia and Reunion Island. Teachers will find previous examinationshave used maps of the Caribbean, Zimbabwe, and Mauritius. For each countryan extract of a map is provided with examples of map skills questions. Furtherwork continues developing map skills as well as dealing with topics of relevancewithin each country that relates to the map extract. The authors are well awarehow difficult it is to obtain international maps of tropical areas at the two scalesneeded; the six map extracts provided here will supplement those obtained fromprevious examinations.vii in this web service Cambridge University Presswww.cambridge.org