Effective July 1, 2007 TUFTS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF
Effective July 1, 2007TUFTS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINECLINICAL FACULTY APPOINTMENTS AND PROMOTIONSTufts University School of Medicine (“the School of Medicine”) is committed to twomissions: to provide a comprehensive medical education thereby producing physicianswell prepared for a wide range of health-care related careers; and to advance biomedicalknowledge with the ultimate goal of improving human health. To accomplish thesemissions, the School of Medicine depends on the committed participation of excellentfaculty in a broad range of disciplines.This document presents an overview of the clinical faculty academic tracks, and ranksand titles, and offers guidelines and criteria for such appointments and promotions. Theprocedures for appointments and promotions of the clinical faculty are the subject of aseparate document.I. The Clinical FacultyThe clinical faculty are appointed to one of the eighteen clinical departments of theSchool of Medicine. These clinical departments include: Anesthesiology, EmergencyMedicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Dermatology, Medicine, Neurology,Neurosurgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ophthalmology, Orthopedic Surgery,Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Pediatrics, Physical Medicine andRehabilitation, Psychiatry, Radiology, Radiation Oncology, Surgery, and Urology. Inaddition, appointments are made to the clinical track of the basic science Department ofPathology that accommodates clinically oriented pathologists who are primarily involvedin clinical diagnostic services and teaching. With the exception of full-time members ofthe Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, clinical faculty are not employeesof the University and therefore not entitled to salary and benefits provided to Universityemployees. All appointments of the clinical faculty are designated as “clinical non tenuretrack appointments”.The term “geographic full time” is used to identify those members of the clinical facultywho are primarily based at the School of Medicine, its major academic affiliatedhospitals/health-care systems, or other health-care facilities operated by the School’saffiliated hospitals/health-care systems who are appointed within clinical departments butwho are substantially involved in academic activities beyond clinical practice. Themajority, but not all, clinical faculty on the unmodified track and virtually all faculty onthe research track qualify as “geographic full time”. Conversely, most, but not all, of thefaculty on the clinical track do not qualify as “geographic full time” and are designated as“geographic part time” reflecting the fact that they spend the majority of theirprofessional time in a private-practice setting and are not engaged in substantial academicwork. As it can be surmised, neither “geographic full time” nor “geographic part time”1
members of the clinical faculty are employed by the University and, therefore, do notreceive salary support and benefits directly from the University. Thus, the designations“geographic full time” and “geographic part time” are not a priori linked to a certainacademic track(s) nor do they have implications for remuneration on the part of theUniversity; rather, they reflect the realities of professional activity of the individualfaculty member. The main utility of these terms is for reporting purposes to theAssociation of American Medical Colleges and other agencies. In general, members ofthe faculty with unmodified appointments will either be geographic full time (if at anaffiliate) or be employees of the university.II. Areas of Academic EndeavorThree areas of academic endeavor are recognized for the clinical faculty: investigation,teaching, and clinical service. Clinical faculty is variably engaged in these academicdomains in ways that define distinct academic tracks. Appointment or promotion to acertain rank within an academic track is based on evidence of excellence, not adequacy,in the appropriate areas of academic endeavor. But the standard of excellence in a givenarea of academic endeavor may vary across academic tracks and ranks. Guidelines andcriteria for establishing standards of excellence in the areas of academic endeavorcommensurate with each academic track and rank are presented in Section VI and aresummarized in the accompanying tables.Administrative functions are a part of academic life and a measure of participation insuch functions is expected of all faculty members. Assumption of administrativeresponsibilities at the School of Medicine, its affiliated institutions, or other professionalorganizations and societies contributes to the professional recognition of the facultymember and commands credit in the appointment and promotion process.III. Academic TracksClinical faculty appointments at the School of Medicine are made to one of threeacademic tracks: the unmodified track, the research track, and the clinical track. Thethree-track system is not intended to confer differential academic prestige. Rather, it isdesigned to best accommodate and represent the varied professional portfolios of theclinical faculty. Individuals enter the clinical faculty at the rank of Instructor or, morecommonly, Assistant Professor (or equivalent for the modified tracks) and on the trackthat best represents their professional portfolio, academic and professional interests,planned activities, and professional orientation. Thus, individuals who are likely topursue a pathway emphasizing clinical service and teaching relating to that work areappropriately placed on the clinical track. Faculty providing clinical service and relatedteaching but who also are anticipated to engage in significant academic/scholarly work,including such things as direction of clerkships or training programs, curriculum design,and/or development of teaching/evaluation instruments, have substantial participation inacademic committees, and/or regularly scholarly publication would enter the unmodifiedtrack, as would faculty providing clinical services as well as the development of newknowledge through research. Persons involved almost exclusively in research with2
related teaching would be expected to enter the research track Switches from one track toanother can be made on the basis of appropriate changes in the individual’s professionalactivities. It is anticipated that such switches will largely, although not exclusively, occurduring the evaluation process for promotion to Associate Professor reflecting theevolutionary status of an individual’s professional activities at the early stages of theiracademic career.IV. Academic Ranks and Titlesa. Principal RanksThe principal ranks in the unmodified track are Assistant Professor, Associate Professor,and Professor. The equivalent ranks in the research track are Assistant ResearchProfessor, Associate Research Professor, and Research Professor; and in the clinicaltrack, Assistant Clinical Professor, Associate Clinical Professor, and Clinical Professor.Guidelines and criteria for appointment or promotion to these ranks are described inSection VI.b. Additional RanksAdditional ranks include those of Instructor and Lecturer.1. InstructorInstructor is an entry level rank in the unmodified track and is attained by thoseindividuals who have obtained a doctoral (M.D., Ph.D., or equivalent) or Masters degreeand have completed successfully appropriate postgraduate training. They should becommitted to pursuing at least two of the three areas of academic endeavor (i.e.,investigation, teaching, and clinical service). Chief Residents at affiliated hospitals of theSchool of Medicine and house staff pursuing further training after having served as ChiefResidents are also eligible for this rank.Research Instructor is an entry level rank in the research track and is attained by thoseindividuals who have obtained a doctoral (M.D., Ph.D., or equivalent) or Masters degreeand have completed successfully appropriate postgraduate training. They should becommitted to pursuing investigation as virtually the exclusive domain of their academicendeavor.Clinical Instructor is an entry level rank in the clinical track and is attained by thoseindividuals who have obtained a doctoral (M.D., Ph.D., or equivalent) or Masters degreeand have completed successfully appropriate postgraduate training. They should plan topursue clinical service as the primary focus of their professional effort but also becommitted to a considerable contribution to teaching.2. Lecturer3
The rank of Lecturer recognizes the academic contributions to the School of Medicine ofindividuals who have no academic appointment or whose primary academic appointmentis at another institution. These individuals command prominence and respect in theirfields of expertise. Appointments are made for renewable one-year terms.c. Academic TitlesAcademic titles include those of Adjunct, Visiting, and Emeritus faculty.1. Adjunct FacultyAdjunct faculty are individuals affiliated with clinical practices, other institutions, orcorporations who provide specific educational, research, or consulting services to theSchool of Medicine or its affiliated hospitals. Full-time members of non-affiliatedinstitutions may be considered for an adjunct appointment only if they perform specificand defined functions in the department. Appointments are made for terms of up to threeyears for Adjunct Assistant Professor and up to five years for Adjunct AssociateProfessor and Professor. These appointments may be renewed on the recommendation ofthe chair of the clinical department.2. Visiting FacultyAn appointment as a Visiting member of the faculty recognizes the contributions ofscholars from other institutions or corporations who serve at the School of Medicine for aperiod not to exceed two years. Typically, these individuals are on leave from theirinstitutions and wish to serve in an academic capacity in conjunction with a member(s) ofthe School’s faculty.3. Emeritus FacultyUpon retirement from the University of faculty who have served the School of Medicinein a full-time or geographic full-time capacity for at least ten continuous years prior toretirement, the department chair and the Dean may recommend that they be appointed asEmeritus. This recommendation is sent to the Provost and the President of the Universityfor forwarding to and approval of the Trustee Committee on Academic Affairs and thefull Board. Emeritus faculty members are encouraged to remain active in the School ofMedicine and the University community and join their peers at commencement in aspecial seating area.4. Endowed ChairsAn appointment to an endowed chair may be made from the faculty ranks of the Schoolof Medicine or through recruitment from outside. Appointment to an endowed chair mustbe approved by the Dean and submitted to the Provost and the President of the University4
for their concurrence and forwarding to the Board of Trustees. All endowed chairs arevoted annually by the Board.5. Secondary AppointmentsClinical faculty may hold only one primary appointment to one of the School’s clinicaldepartments. However, they may hold one or more secondary appointments at the samelevel as the primary appointment to other clinical or basic science departments of theSchool. Requests for secondary appointments are made to the Dean of the School ofMedicine and require a letter of recommendation from the chair of the secondarydepartment substantiating the individual’s role in the secondary department, and a letterof recommendation from the chair of the primary department. Secondary appointment toanother clinical department requires approval by the Clinical Faculty Appointment andPromotion Committee, whereas secondary appointment to a basic science departmentmust be approved by the Basic Science Faculty Appointment, Promotion, and TenureCommittee. These appointments require approval by the Dean of the School of Medicine,the Provost, and the President of the University.d. Joint AppointmentsThe School of Medicine holds a policy that in general a faculty member may have onlyone voting faculty appointment. Therefore, joint appointments to other medical schoolsof a faculty member holding a voting appointment at the School of Medicine must be at anon-voting faculty title/rank. Under unusual circumstances, an exception to this policycan occur that requires a special agreement between the Deans of the medical schoolsinvolved.e. Voting and Non-Voting FacultyVoting faculty of the School of Medicine includes those individuals holding the ranks ofInstructor, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, and Professor (and the equivalentranks of the modified academic tracks). Lecturers, Adjunct Faculty, Visiting Faculty, andEmeritus Faculty are designated as non-voting faculty.V. Teaching Expectations of the Clinical FacultyAppointment to the clinical faculty of the School of Medicine is an academic privilegethat confers professional prestige and distinction. Several benefits accrue to the facultymember from this appointment, including membership in a diverse, scholarly communitythat provides intellectual stimulation, professional and social interaction, and academicenrichment and growth; an advantage in attracting patients and research funds; access toa broad range of teaching, educational, library, and other resources at the School ofMedicine and the University; and the opportunity to teach, supervise, and mentor giftedmedical students, residents, and fellows.5
In turn, the clinical faculty has been highly committed to the teaching mission of theSchool of Medicine and has contributed generously their professional time and energy tothe School’s educational programs. Nonetheless, recent, added constraints on theprofessional time that have been imposed by changes in the health-care delivery systemnecessitate an explicit declaration of the minimum teaching expectations of the clinicalfaculty, as follows:All clinical faculty, including Instructors, Assistant Professors, AssociateProfessors, and Professors (and the equivalent ranks of the modified academictracks), are expected to teach Tufts medical students or residents and fellows ofTufts-affiliated training programs at least 50 hours per year, if it is requested bythe appropriate School of Medicine or departmental officials, as an obligation oftheir faculty appointment.VI. Guidelines and Criteria for Appointments and PromotionsAppointments or promotions to the ranks of Associate Professor or Professor on all threetracks are initiated by a recommendation from the chair of the clinical department andrequire evaluation and action by the Clinical Faculty Appointment and PromotionCommittee. The appointments require approval by the Dean of the School of Medicineand in the case of the rank of Professor, by the Provost and the President of theUniversity as well. All other appointments and promotions are made by the Dean of theSchool of Medicine, on the recommendation of the chair of the clinical department,without referral to the Clinical Faculty Appointment and Promotion Committee. Theprocedures for appointments and promotions of the clinical faculty are described in aseparate document.It is intended that the guidelines will be applied equally to all candidates forpromotion within the clinical departments regardless of the individuals’ academicdegree(s). Candidates will be judged on their aggregate achievements, contributionsto the medical school, university and academic community, and their perceivedcontributions and stature as judged from referee letters. It is essential that lettersfrom the department chair and referees clearly address ALL aspects of thecandidates work that represent the basis for the proposed appointment/promotionThe following text offers guidelines and criteria for appointments or promotions to theprincipal ranks of each of the three tracks. The guidelines and criteria are purposefullybroad. They are meant to create a framework of professional models that will serve as aninstitutional guide for the structuring and evaluation of academic portfolios. Applicationof these guidelines and criteria seeks to ensure rigorous evidence of excellence in theareas appropriate for each academic track and rank. However, in applying these6
guidelines and criteria, a measure of flexibility should be exercised such that theindividuality of each candidate’s professional portfolio can be reasonably accommodated.a. The Unmodified TrackCandidates for appointment to the unmodified track are considered for appointments tothe unmodified track on the basis of their overall accomplishments in teaching, clinicalservice, administrative service, and/or research. Successful candidates are awarded therank of Assistant/Associate Professor or Professor of Clinical Department, e.g., AssociateProfessor of Medicine. Appointments at the Associate Professor/Professor rank are madefor an indefinite duration. Appointments terminate with either termination ofemployment by the University or termination of the individual’s appointment to the[full-time] staff of an affiliated institution.Assistant ProfessorAppointments at this rank are intended for faculty in clinical departments who areengaged in some combination of effort in clinical science, basic or clinical researchand/or teaching. They should be able to demonstrate substantial potential for excellencein one or several of these areas in addition to clinical excellence. Candidates for theappointment to the rank of Assistant Professor are individuals who have obtained adoctoral (M.D., Ph.D., or equivalent) or Masters degree and have completed successfullyappropriate postgraduate training.Some individuals may have a major commitment to laboratory or clinical investigation,and plan to make research the centerpiece of their academic endeavor. They should holdpromise to evolve into independent investigators. Demonstration of ongoing laboratory orclinical research is an important consideration for appointment; publication of substantialoriginal studies is desirable. In addition, these individuals should have a high level ofclinical competence and be committed to providing excellent patient care. Individualswithout clinical training may nonetheless be considered for the unmodified track is theyhave substantial participation and accomplishment in both research and teaching. Theyshould also have an interest and ability in teaching and/or the ability to pursue excellencein clinical practice. Of course, non-physician faculty are limited to pursuing teaching astheir second area of academic endeavor.Other individuals will have a major commitment to teaching and the educational processand plan to make education a principle domain of their scholarly activity. Substantialparticipation in the teaching process, education committees, administration or leadershipof clerkships or graduate educational programs is expected of these faculty. Those whoare active teachers are expected to display a high level of teaching excellence as reflectedin teaching evaluations.Still other individuals will make major commitments to academic administration, as wellas direct education, as their major domain of scholarly activity. Not only are such facultyexpected to have substantial participation in the administration and leadership at the7
medical school (for example having a substantive role in the Dean’s offices), but also tobe involved in improving the teaching process, service on education and strategicplanning committees, administration or leadership of clerkships or graduate educationalprograms. In addition such “administrative scholars” are expected to have a nationalpresence in medical education, such as substantive involvement with the AAMC, theLCME, the ACGME or relevant specialty societies.Clinically, individuals in this track should have completed training appropriate to theirspecialty area and be eligible or certified if a certifying board exists in this area ofpractice. They should expect to b
The clinical faculty are appointed to one of the eighteen clinical departments of the School of Medicine. These clinical departments include: Anesthesiology, Emergency Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Dermatology, Medicine, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Obst
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