Attachment B Of The Nevada CSEC Strategic Plan
Attachment B of the Nevada CSEC Strategic PlanPREVENTION RESOURCE GUIDE TO ADDRESS THE COMMERCIALSEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN IN NEVADA(CSEC Prevention Resource Guide)Table of ContentsACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .5CSEC COALITION MEMBERS .6CSEC COALITION PREVENTION SUBCOMMITTEE MEMBERS & PARTICIPANTS .7INTRODUCTION .8Chapter 1: The Need to Prevent Child Sex Trafficking in Nevada .9Chapter 2: A Framework for Implementing CSEC Prevention in Nevada .11Chapter 3: Before You Begin .16CSEC PREVENTION STRATEGIES AND RESOURCES .21Chapter 4: CSEC Prevention Toolkit for Communities and Businesses .22Chapter 5: Toolkit to Reduce Demand for CSEC .29Chapter 6: Toolkit to Promote the National Human Trafficking Hotline .38Chapter 7: CSEC Prevention Toolkit for Communities of Faith .41Chapter 8: CSEC Prevention Toolkit for Parents, Guardians and Caregivers .48Chapter 9: CSEC Prevention Toolkit for Youth .60Chapter 10: CSEC Prevention Toolkit Related to Social Media and Mobile Apps .66Chapter 11: CSEC Prevention Toolkit for Youth at Greater Risk .78Chapter 12: CSEC Prevention Toolkit for American Indian Youth .91Chapter 13: CSEC Prevention Resources in Spanish and Other Languages . 100Chapter 14: Potential Funding Resources for CSEC Prevention in Nevada . 107APPENDICES . 110Appendix A: Acronyms . 111Appendix B: How to Report the Sexual Exploitation of Children . 113Appendix C: How to Find CSEC Prevention Interventions in Nevada . 115ENDNOTES . 1163
Nevada’s CSEC Strategic Plan, including Attachment A – the CSEC Model CoordinatedResponse Protocol and Toolkit and Attachment B – the CSEC Prevention Resource Guide, wasdeveloped by Sierra Mountain Behavior Consulting (SMBC) through an agreement with theNevada Division of Children and Family Services (DCFS). While every effort has been made toprovide accurate and complete information, SMBC, DCFS and the State of Nevada assume noresponsibility for any errors or omissions in the information. Resources are included forreference purposes only.The CSEC Strategic Plan’s Attachments A and B are filled with electronic hyperlinks to websitesand online resources that appear in blue underlined type. As a result, they are intendedprimarily for online viewing. The CSEC Strategic Plan and Attachments A and B are availableat the DCFS CSEC Coalition webpage: http://dcfs.nv.gov/Programs/CWS/CSEC/CSEC/This CSEC Prevention Resource Guide may be reproduced, shared or adapted fornoncommercial use as long as proper credit is given, except where authorship is otherwiseattributed. No further permission is needed to use the material under these conditions.The CSEC Prevention Resource Guide was designed to be viewed and retrieved digitally.For further information, contact:Nevada Division of Child and Family Services4126 Technology Way, 3rd FloorCarson City, NV 89706Phone: (775) 684-4400Recommended Citation:Nevada Coalition to Prevent the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children. (2018). Resourceguide to prevent the commercial sexual exploitation of children in Nevada. Nevada Division ofChild and Family Services. Retrieved from: http://dcfs.nv.gov/Programs/CWS/CSEC/CSEC/4
ACKNOWLEDGMENTSOn May 31, 2016, Governor Brian Sandoval signed Executive Order 2016-14 establishing theNevada Coalition to Prevent the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC Coalition).1Through the Executive Order, among other things, the CSEC Coalition was directed to developpublic awareness campaigns to better inform communities across Nevada about the commercialsexual exploitation of children.It is the intent and hope of the CSEC Coalition and its Prevention Subcommittee thatcommunities will work collaboratively to prevent sex trafficking and protect Nevada’s youth. TheCSEC Coalition is grateful for the collective effort, dedication and expertise provided by thoseidentified below who participated in developing and reviewing this Resource Guide to Preventthe Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in Nevada (Guide), which is a part of theNevada CSEC Strategic Plan.The CSEC Coalition’s Prevention Subcommittee, under the able leadership of Mari Parlade ofClark County Department of Family Services and Jen Robinson of Awaken. The PreventionSubcommittee was tasked with reviewing national promising practices in CSEC prevention,engaging subject matter experts and producing toolkits that could be used across Nevada toimplement efforts to protect Nevada’s children. This Guide is the culmination of the PreventionSubcommittee’s efforts and its members, along with the CSEC Coalition’s, are identified on thefollowing pages. Subcommittee members represented a broad cross-section of faith-basedgroups, local and state government agencies, law enforcement, private sector organizations,advocates and national industry associations. It met monthly, from November 2016 throughAugust of 2018.CSEC survivors and an advisory group of youth from STARS CDC who reviewed and providedinput on the toolkits. CSEC survivors also shared their stories, some of which are quoted in thisGuide, in hopes that others will understand the risks and experiences of child sex trafficking andprevent the trafficking of other children.The technical and administrative support team for the CSEC Coalition provided by SierraMountain Behavior Consulting: Theresa M. Anderson, MEd, Joy L. Salmon, PhD and SonyaGiroux, MA. They coordinated meetings, developed and analyzed surveys, conducted researchand wrote and incorporated input to this Guide.Other contributors to this written document included: Kelly O'Neill, PhD; Shon Reed, MA;Sanaa Khan; Natasha Webster; Mari Parlade, Esquire; Chaplain Barry Mainardi; and PastorShantelle Renay Morales-Yanez.5
CSEC COALITION MEMBERSChairNancy Saitta, Nevada Supreme Court Justice (Retired)Co-Chair – Administrator, Nevada Division of Child and Family ServicesRoss Armstrong, JD (May 2018 – Present)Kelly Wooldridge, MSW, LCSW (October 2016 – April 2018)MembersAmy Ayoub, The Zen SpeakerJohn “Jack” Martin, ClarkCounty Department of Juvenile JusticeServicesSharon Benson, Office of the AttorneyGeneralJohn Munoz, Juvenile Services, NevadaDivision of Child and Family ServicesVictoria Blakeney, Nevada Department ofEducationNicole O’Banion, Domestic ViolenceOmbudsman, Office of the Nevada AttorneyGeneralLinda Anderson, Office of the AttorneyGeneralFrank Cervantes, Washoe CountyDepartment of Juvenile ServicesReesha Powell, Child Welfare, NevadaDivision of Child and Family ServicesPeter Craanen, Federal Bureau ofInvestigationArlene Rivera, Domestic ViolenceOmbudsman, Office of the Nevada AttorneyGeneralBrigid Duffy, Office of the Clark CountyDistrict AttorneySusan Roske, Sojourn FoundationElynne Greene, Victim Services, Las VegasMetropolitan Police DepartmentPaula Smith, Washoe Tribe of NevadaPaula Hammack, Clark County Departmentof Family ServicesKathleen Teipner, Planned Parenthood MarMonteAmber Howell, Washoe County HumanServices AgencyGianna Verness, Office of the WashoeCounty Public DefenderLawrence Howell, Silver Sage Academy/Rite of PassageHon. William Voy, Clark County DistrictCourt, Department ADerek Jones, Reno Police DepartmentHon. Egan Walker, Washoe County Courts,Department 2Alexis Kennedy, Ph.D., University ofNevada at Las VegasJanice Wolf, Legal Aid of Southern NevadaAlice LeDesma, Washoe County HumanServices AgencyJim Wright, Nevada Department of PublicSafetyKatherine Malzahn-Bass, CourtImprovement ProgramKim Yaeger, Nevada Trucking AssociationHon. N. Tod Young, Douglas CountyCourts, Department 1Jeff Martin, Office of the Washoe CountyDistrict Attorney6
CSEC COALITION PREVENTION SUBCOMMITTEE MEMBERS & PARTICIPANTSPrevention Subcommittee Co-ChairsMari Parlade, Clark County Family ServicesJen Robinson, AwakenLisel Westlake, Aria Hotel and CasinoOlga Yakovlec, New Hope InternationalSubject Matter Experts, Work GroupMembers and GuestsPastor Fernando Aguiano, New JourneyChurchJosiah Alipate, Life Changing SolutionsCraig Christensen, Clark County JuvenileServicesKaren Diers, Refuge for WomenElaine Donithan, F.R.E.E. InternationalJessica Donovan, Safe Families forChildrenHeather Doto, NV Child SeekersMargarita Edwards, NV Child SeekersChristy Esqueda, Aria Hotel and CasinoJohana Gober, True IDDr. Amanda Haboush-Deloye, PCA NV, NVInstitute for Children’s Research & PolicyLakesha Hayes, Legacy Learning CenterJudy Hernandez, NV Child SeekersAJ Holly Huth, The CenterDori James, Harvest Life Christian FellowshipTracey Kinjera, NV Dept of Juvenile JusticeServicesDr. Tara Madden-Dent, NV Dept ofEducationSam Martinez, Office of the Clark CountyDistrict AttorneyMarla Morris, NV Division of Child andFamily ServicesRandy Reinoso, Clark County SocialServicesRachael Richardson, S.T.A.R.S. CDCPastor Danny Sell, Safe Families forChildrenAlex Smith, NV Dept of Motor VehiclesLt. Raymond Spencer, Las VegasMetropolitan Police DepartmentVictoria Sweet, The Whitener GroupJoe Taylor, Clark County Family ServicesJill Tolles, AssemblywomanKen Walther, Awareness is PreventionPastor/Sr. Chaplain Todd WellmanCSEC Coalition MembersVictoria Blakeney, NV Dept of EducationPaula Smith, Washoe Tribe of NevadaKim Yaeger, NV Trucking AssociationPrevention Subcommittee MembersBrian Adams, Clark County School DistrictPastor Michael Bartel, F.R.E.E. InternationalShauna Brennan, Brennan Legal CounselDr. Ed Cotton, Cotton PatchChaplain Tamia Dow, Chaplaincy NVDaniele Dreitzer, LV Rape Crisis CenterElena Espinoza, NV Dept of Health &Human ServicesPastor Aaron Hansel, Be a VoiceChelsea Huntsman, Big Brothers Big Sistersof Southern NVChaplain Dennis James, Harvest LifeChristian FellowshipHayley Jarolimek, NV Division of Child &Family ServicesLenore Jean-Baptiste, Nevada Partnership forHomeless YouthSanaa Khan, Clark County Family ServicesAdia Lancaster, New Hope InternationalPastor Kay Landwehr, House of the RisingSunMolly Latham, Big Brothers Big Sisters ofSouthern NVChaplain Barry Mainardi, Chaplaincy NVDr. Tammy Malich, Clark County SchoolDistrictJoe Rajchel, Clark County Family ServicesPastor Shantelle Renay Morales-Yanez, Womenof Power InternationalSgt. Braden Schrag, LV Metropolitan PoliceDept, Office of Community EngagementJames Sweetin, Office of Clark CountyDistrict AttorneyCharlotte Watkins, Montevista HospitalLena Walther, Awareness is PreventionNatasha Webster, Clark County FamilyServices7
INTRODUCTIONThis section of the CSEC Prevention Resource Guide lays a foundation for child sex traffickingprevention efforts in Nevada. While it may be tempting to bypass these chapters and proceedimmediately to an area of interest, applying the information in these chapters will help yourprevention efforts be more successful.Chapter 1 lays out the need for child sex trafficking prevention efforts in Nevada by identifyingrisk factors and prevalence of CSEC in Nevada.Chapter 2 describes a public health framework for the prevention of child sex trafficking andprovides an overview of the characteristics of effective interventions and implementation efforts.Chapter 3 provides guidance on how to prepare oneself to be effective while deliveringprevention interventions, including how to educate oneself, how to communicate, and words ofcaution and encouragement.8
Chapter 1THE NEED TO PREVENT CHILD SEX TRAFFICKING IN NEVADANevada is a major destination for those who seek to sexually exploit children. It is one of thestates most affected by human traffickingi with reports of hundreds of calls to the national hotlineannually. In 2017, Nevada ranked 10th in the nation for the number of human trafficking casesreported to the National Human Trafficking Hotline, up from 18 th in 2012, and 12th in 2016.2 Atleast 92% of the 199 cases involved sex trafficking, and 23% of the 199 involved minors. 3 TheFederal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI)ii Innocence Lost Initiative identified Las Vegas as one ofthirteen High Intensity Child Prostitution Areas. 4Child sexual exploitation and trafficking is child abuse.The Nevada Online Commercial Sex Market study which examined advertising onBackpage.com in 2016 found that Nevada led the nation in the number of sex providers percapita. Based on descriptive language in ads, it estimated that 19% of Nevada’s sex providerswere likely younger than the 18 years of age required to advertise, putting Nevada among thetop ten states in terms of the number of young sex providers. These young sex providers weremore than twice as likely to have indicators of drug use than older sex providers and at higherrisk of having been trafficked. Buyers paid more for young sex providers, suggesting a higherdemand by both buyers and traffickers.5“I am most proud of the work that I am doing now. I see girlsbeing trafficked every other day because I live near Tropicana(Las Vegas track). That’s where minors are sold a lot. Thesebabies have so much pain in their eyes. I do this for them.” Anonymous, CSECiii SurvivorRisk Factors for ExploitationA number of factors contribute to a youth’s vulnerability to being recruited into commercialsexual exploitation. They include:6 A history of child sexual abuse, neglect or exposure to domestic violence. A family background in commercial sex. Poverty or family economic strain. An unstable home life, e.g., parental absence/neglect, multiple foster homes. Being a part of an ostracized, undocumented or stateless group, e.g., gender minorityiThe term, human trafficking, refers to both labor and sex trafficking. This Guide only addresses one typeof human trafficking, child sex trafficking, which is also referred to as the commercial sexual exploitationof children.iiA list of acronyms is included in Appendix A.iiiCSEC stands for commercially sexually exploited child(ren) or the commercial sexual exploitation ofchildren, depending on the context.9
(LGBTQiv), racial minority (e.g., African American, American Indian/Alaska Nativev), ormigrants.Substance abuse by youth or parent/guardians.Running away or truancy.Disengagement from school, e.g., not completing high school.Having low self-esteem or self-worth; a need for belonging, love and affection.According to Kids Count 2018, 7 Nevada ranks 47th nationally in terms of child well-being basedon 16 indicators representing four areas of well-being: Economic (43rd), Education (49th), Health(43rd), and Family and Community (42nd). These rankings reflect risk to children, with somefactors contributing to vulnerability to sex trafficking.To illustrate this more concretely, the following factors contribute to vulnerability to sextrafficking. In Nevada: 19% of children (127,000) lived in poverty in 2016. 30% of children (201,000) had parents who lacked secure employment in 2016. 34% of children (233,000) lived in households with a high house cost burden in 2016. 12% of children (77,000) lived in high-poverty areas in 2012 - 2016. 69% of 4th graders and 73% of 8th graders were not proficient in reading and math,respectively, in 2017. 26% of high school students did not graduate on time in 2015 - 2016. 10% of teens (14,000) were not in school and not working in 2016. 5% (12,000) of teens abused alcohol or other drugs in 2015 - 2016.Additionally, 7 of every 1000 children in Nevada, a total of 4,869 children, were confirmedvictims of child maltreatment in 2016. Of these, 80% (3,920) were victims of neglect, 26%(1,273) were victims of physical abuse, 6% (269) were victims of sexual abuse, with theremaining being victims of medical neglect or emotional abuse. Some children were victims ofmultiple types of maltreatment. There were 4,251 children in foster care in Nevada in 2016. 8According to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, one in seven of the 25,000runaways reported to them in 2017 were likely child sex trafficking victims; 88% of these likelytrafficking victims were in the care of child welfare when they ran.9This data exemplifies the need for wide-reaching prevention and intervention efforts throughoutNevada, including targeted prevention efforts for youth who are at greater risk of being enticedinto sex trafficking and intervention for those who have already been victimized. To that end,the Nevada Strategic Plan was developed, which includes the CSEC Model CoordinatedResponse Protocol and Toolkit (CSEC Protocol), and this CSEC Prevention Resource Guide(Guide).vi The CSEC Protocol provides guidance to first responders and agencies forimplementing a coordinated response to identify and serve CSEC based on promising practices.This Guide provides prevention strategies and resources that can be implemented bycommunities across Nevada.ivLGBTQ – Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or questioning.vThe formal legal designation of American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) is used in this Protocol torepresent Native communities in this country with the recognition there are numerous terms used todescribe Native communities and differing comfort levels with various terms.vi The CSEC Strategic Plan and Attachments A and B are available at the DCFS CSEC Coalitionwebpage: http://dcfs.nv.gov/Programs/CWS/CSEC/CSEC/10
Chapter 2A FRAMEWORK FOR IMPLEMENTING CSEC PREVENTION IN NEVADAThe Trafficking Victims Protection Act 10 identifies three strategies for addressing humantrafficking, referred to as the 3 Ps: Prevention, protection and prosecution. More recently, theFederal Strategic Action Plan on Services for Victims of Human Trafficking in the United Statesadded a fourth: Partnership.11, 12The first strategy, the prevention of human trafficking – including the prevention of commercialsexual exploitation of children, can be addressed at any of three stages.“The primary stage of prevention seeks to avert injury before it has occurred “The secondary stage of prevention seeks to minimize the impact of injury that hasalready occurred and inhibit further injury “The tertiary stage of prevention seeks long term solutions to help restore or comfortthose that have been severely injured. This is a stage of last resort ” 13Most responses to child sex trafficking to date have been tertiary in nature, i.e., reactive,intervening after significant harm has occurred. Primary and secondary approaches, i.e., thosethat are proactive in nature, that attempt to protect children before any/further harm occurs arereceiving increased attention. 14The task of the Prevention Subcommittee of the Nevada Coalition to Prevent the CommercialSexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC Coalition) is to recommend promising proactiveapproaches to CSEC prevention. While research on comprehensive and individual CSEC
CSEC Coalition is grateful for the collective effort, dedication and expertise provided by those identified below who participated in developing and reviewing this Resource Guide to Prevent the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in Nevada (Guide), which is a part of the Nevada CSEC Strategic Plan. The CSEC Coalition’s Preve
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