Test And Training Enabling Architecture (TENA) Overview

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Test and Training EnablingArchitecture (TENA)OverviewOctober 2019

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.The TRMC Vision:An Agile T&E Infrastructure to Support Rapid Acquisition2

A TRMC Perspective:Vision for a CommonTest and Training InfrastructureVision:A highly flexibleinfrastructure that willallow us to conductmore operationallyrealistic testing eDistribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.3

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.What is an Architecture? An architecture is a segmentation of a system (or system ofsystems) such that the primary pieces are identified, as well astheir purpose, function, interfaces, and inter-relatedness, alongwith guidelines for their evolution over time Architectures put constraints on developers. These constraintsmake possible the achievement of higher level goals. These higher-level goals are called the system’s drivingrequirements An architecture is a bridge from requirements to entsDrivingRequirements4

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.TENA at a GlanceTENA is the DoD GOTS range integration architecture What Interoperability between inter- and intra-range assetsElimination of proprietary interfaces to range instrumentationEfficient incremental upgrades to test and training capabilitiesIntegration of Live, Virtual, and Constructive assets (locally ordistributed)Sharing and reuse of common capabilities across existing and newinvestments What does TENA enable?is included in the TENA architecture?Customizable “data contracts” that standardize repeatable informationexchangeInteroperability-enabling, auto-code generated software librariesA core set of tools that address common test and training requirementsCollaboration mechanisms that facilitate sharing and reuse TENAhas a plan for continued evolution andfunding to execute this plan5

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.Range System and InfrastructureDevelopment ChallengesNewRequirementsSUT InstrumentationNoFundsFieldSystem UnderTest (SUT)C4I trolSystemsFlight SafetySystemTargetControlSystemData Fusion SystemNewExternalRangeTelemetryDisplays emsVideo DistributionSystemNoPartsFlight Safety rDisplays General DevelopmentChallenges Multiple Developers andDevelopment GroupsDifferent Timelines andDelivery DatesNew Computing andCommunication TechnologiesRange Specific Development Challenges Multiple Sponsors and Funding Sources Evolving Test and Training Requirements Expansion of Inter-Range Connectivity Cybersecurity Policies and Procedures Range Modernization Must Be GradualTENA has helped thecommunity addressthese challenges6

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.Notional “Current State” of T&E OperationsResult: Inefficient,Non‐interoperable “stove chitectureDoD‐wide Limitations: Limited Resource Sharing Unique Interfaces for the sameassets located at different ranges “Single‐point” solutions each withtheir own sustainment tail No Guarantee of Inter‐RangeInteroperabilityLimited commonality withinand between rangesRange Limitations: Single‐point solutions each withtheir own sustainment tail Increased integration time No Guarantee of ureRange‐UniqueArchitectureRemotely OperatedLVC Range7

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.Notional “Efficient State” of T&E OperationsDoD‐wide Common Architecture Benefits: “Plug and Play” instrumentationacross test ranges Common solutions shared and reusedbetween ranges Shared sustainment burden Facilities sharing of range operatorsRange Benefits: Reduced Range O&M costs Reduced test setup & re‐configuration time “Data Contract” that assuresIntra‐Range InteroperabilityRemotely OperatedLVC Range8

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.How TENA is currently Used InTest and Training FacilitiesCommon specifications for test and training data Data Dissemination across variable applications, platforms,programming languages, networks, and classification levels Data Collection and PlaybackDataManagementLocal and Remote Command and Control Health & Status MonitoringEventManagementReal-Time simulations Stimulation of live sensors and instrumentation Connecting non-interoperable inter- and intra-range systemsLVCIntegrationEliminating proprietary interfaces to range instrumentation Sharing and reuse of common range tools and capabilities Online Collaboration and File SharingSharing &Reuse These activities are all relevant to cyber experiments9

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.TENA by the Numbers9,000 user accounts100% Government-offthe-Shelf (GOTS)250 separate activity groups20 million page hits in 2017TENA Software Repository3,104 helpdesk cases resolved in 201784 supported computer platformsTENA Website (wiki and helpdesk)56 supported test / training tools1,724 different object models94,841 downloads in 201710

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.Worldwide Use of TENATENA is used in13 countriesoutside the US11

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.TENA Architecture OverviewTENA ApplicationsTENA ToolsHWILRange ResourceApplicationTENATENAObject TENA lRangeDataArchiveTENAMiddlewareTENAMiddlewareTENA Common InfrastructureObject agement andPlanning UtilitiesTENA torsNon-TENA CommunicationsNon-TENASystemNon-TENASystemNon-TENA Applications12

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.What Makes TENA Unique?Core Architectural Tenets Promote Computer Enforceable System Interfaces Utilize Auto-Code Generation to Raise the Abstraction Level When would you like to detect interoperability problems? Many system errors can bedetected by the computer during the development phase, reducing overall expenseDesign the Middleware to Make it Hard to Use Wrong Distributed programming is hard! Define higher level abstractions to automaticallygenerate properly designed and tested source code for common distributedprogramming solutions—similar to comparison of modern programming languages toassembly codeLet Computer Detect Interoperability Errors as Early as Possible For meaningful interoperability, systems should formally define their interfaces for theparticular data produced or consumed and the services/algorithms provided or requiredGeneric interfaces may look appealing, but significant costs exist with performance,interoperability, and maintenance that are overlooked with this perceived flexibilityMiddleware is defined from a defensive posture that minimizes the opportunity forimproper usage and run-time anomaliesAnticipate Better Techniques and Technologies Maintain separation between interfaces and implementations to simplify transition toimproved techniques and technologies when appropriate13

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.The Ways in Which TENAApplications Can CommunicateTENA provides to the application developer a unification of severalpowerful inter-application communication paradigms: Publish/SubscribeEach application publishes certain types of information to which anyother application can subscribe Similar in effect to HLA, DIS, CORBA Event Service, DDS, etc. Remote Method Invocation (RMI) Each object that is published may have methods that can be remotelyinvoked by other applications Similar to CORBA RMI or Java RMI Distributed Shared Memory (DSM) Applications read and write the state of objects as if they were localobjects, even though they are remote objects A very natural, easy to understand programming paradigm that projectsthe illusion of working on a shared memory multi-processor machineonto a distributed computing system Messages Individual messages that can be sent from one application to otherapplications14

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.TENA is an Open ArchitectureThe Software Engineering Institute defines an Open System as “acollection of interacting software, hardware, and human componentsdesigned to satisfy stated needs with interface specifications of itscomponents that are fully defined, available to the public, maintainedaccording to group consensus, in which the implementations of thecomponents conform to the interface specifications.” TENA is maintained according to a consensus of its users assembledas the TENA Architecture Management Team (AMT) now JMETCConfiguration Review Board (JCRB) TENA Middleware exists and is being used to support real events TENA is freely releasable (Distribution A) to non-US entities Government owned, without proprietary softwareWe have many non-US users in Britain, France, Sweden, Denmark, etc.There are no plans for standardizing TENA as DIS and HLA (IEEE)However, we are looking into innovative mechanisms to get the same usabilityand confidence with TENA as we do with open standards TENA’s business model is not the same as the DIS and HLA business models15

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.TENA Cybersecurity Activities Air Force Evaluated/Approved Product List (E/APL) Navy Application & Database Management System (DADMS)Army RMF Assess Only ProcessSDREN (Secret Defense Research and Engineering Network) TENA ports approved for use on classified and unclassified network enclavesUnified Cross Domain Management Office (UCDMO) Eglin AFB JTTOCC (which includes TENA Middleware) obtained ATO on NIPRnetDoD PPSMO Category Assurance List (CAL) TENA protocol, ports, and TENA-based applications approved for DREN / SDREN sitesNIPRNet Software Certification for TENA Middleware Version 6.xTENA-enabled Cross Domain trusted guard SimShield on baseline listJoint RDT&E Reciprocity Overlay Team (JRROT) Foundational set of controls for basing reciprocity determinations for RDT&EThe TENA project works with organizations to reduce cost and delays to improvecybersecurity considerations with TENA applications16

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.Test Design Example:JMETC CDS SystemTSPI DataSourceFAADataGPSTrackingTSPIArmy RTCRangeInterfaceProtocolGatewayTENATSPINavy ASDREN NetworkAF 96TWRangeInterfaceDREN PIProtocolGatewayManagementToolsSYSCONAF 96TWRangeInterfaceArmyRTCRangeInterfaceNavy ATRRangeInterfaceRDDSTENATSPIThe MLS-JCNE CTEIP project implementation provided the RDT&E community witha persistent, interoperable, and reusable capability to exchange unclassified databetween unclassified and classified enclaves (DREN and SDREN)MLS-JCNE Brief17

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.Test Construction / Setup:TENA Tools Toolsare applications, components, or utilities requiredto support a successful test execution TheTENA SDA maintains a library of tools that addresscommon test requirements Common tools enable a consistent depiction of the test environmentAll tools and supporting documentation available through the TENARepository Some example tools include: Collaboration and Sharing: TENA Repository Help Desk and Troubleshooting: TENA Issue Tracking System OM Design Support: MagicDraw UML-to-TDL Plugin Legacy Test Asset Integration: TENA Adaptor Test Event Management: TENA Console 3D Visualization: SIMDIS TENA Plug-in Video Sharing: TENA Video Distribution System Data Logging: TENA Data Collection System18

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.TENA at Joint Pacific AlaskaRange Complex (JPARC)TENA enables the Pacific Air Force (PACAF) JPARC to provide a force-on-force (FOF) trainingcapability that fully integrates and supports Joint and Coalition components for both air and groundtraining in live, virtual, and constructive (LVC) domainsA few of the systems currently using TENAat JPARC include: Individual Combat Aircrew DebriefingSubsystem (ICADS) Air Combat Maneuver Instrumentation(ACMI) 9C2 (tactical data fusion system) Digital Integrated Air Defense System(DIADS) Integrated Threat Force (ITF) SimShield (Cross Domain System) Misawa-Osan-Kusan-KadenaInstrumentation Training System(MOKKITS) Multiple Integrated Laser EngagementSystem (MILES) 2000 (tacticalengagement simulation) Initial Homestation InstrumentationTraining (I-HITS) Un-manned Threat Emitter (UMTE) Adaptable Range Exercise System(ARES)“TENA is the greatest thing that ever happened to us. We couldn’t be doing today with all these systems–and we couldn’thave all the participants that we do–if it weren’t for TENA” Billy D. Smith (PACAF Chief of electronic combat trainingrequirements for Red Flag at JPARC)19

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.WSMR Distributed InstrumentationControl Enterprise (DICE)Establishing common communication architecture that operates in parallelwith the different functional group protocolsInter-RangeControl CenterRouterFirewallDRENTENA CapableMRTFB20

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.TENA at Eglin AFBTENA supports Eglin’s Joint Test and Training Operations Control Center(JTTOCC) in providing efficient, flexible real-time control of all resourcesrequired for safe air, land, and sea test and training 24x7 operations“TENA gave us a common environment that greatly simplified the efforts of our two non-co-locatedsoftware development contractors. It also significantly aided in our ability to meet informationassurance criteria, allowing us to move from requirements to fielding on the NIPRNet in under 18months. ”Chris ShortJTTOCC Lead Systems Integration Engineer21

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.TENA Enabled TM Controlat YUMA TCS Antenna Control Unit(ACU) model M1 completingTENA interface Remote monitoring andcontrol of telemetry antennasystem using TENA isundergoing operational testing To be used on Yuma TMpedestals Updated controller to beprocured this year with RedHat 6 Operating System22

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.Test Analysis / Reporting: DataCollection and Analysis Framework Data Using TENA object models, data collection software is automaticallygenerated to record object and message attribute values in a persistentdata store (currently SQLite and MySQL database representations)Plan to provide add-on collection capability to allow publisher sidecollection, as well as subscriber side collection – which requires collectionmanagement capabilities Data Analysis SupportExtractor tool provided to convert data into format that can be used byMicrosoft ExcelAnalysis capabilities and tools are often highly specialized, and the intentof TENA is to provide a framework for user community to extend tosupport their unique data storage and analysis needs Data CollectorPlaybackAutomatically generated playback tool can be used to re-play collecteddata for various forms of testing and analysis23

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.TENA Upgrade Support Offer The TENA team is available to offer advice and assist any organizationlooking to use TENA Advice on overall design approach and trade‐offs to consider Recommended Object Models to reuse Recommendations on how to design new Object Models Implementation / Code Designs Reviews Awareness of similar systems and lessons learned Hands‐on training classes on TENA capabilities Hands‐on training classes Developing TENA interfaces Incorporating different Object Models Upgrading for HLA/DIS applications migrating to TENAOpportunity to Get Assistance in Using TENAE-mail request to: tena-feedback@trmc.osd.mil24

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.Joint Mission Environment TestCapability (JMETC)Enterprise Infrastructure for testing like we fightJMETC Mission: Optimize the DoD’s distributed system of systems test infrastructure Develop & maintain common software that eliminates stove-pipes Promote Inter-Service RDT&E collaboration through website services Provide expertise to rapidly design, setup, & execute tests25

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.JMETC Distributed Test ArchitectureJMETC depends on TENA to support distributed testingJointOperationalOperational rototypePrototypeHardwareHardwarein ctureon DRENReuseReuse RepositoryRepositoryDistributed TestDistributedTestSupport ToolsSupportTools* TENA:TestTestandandTrainingTraining Enabling* TENA:EnablingArchitectureArchitecture2626

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.Joint Mission Environment TestCapability (JMETC) ProgramInvestment Areas Distributed Testing Support– Event Planning and Execution Support– Help Desk Troubleshooting and Subject Matter Expertise Distributed Testing Networks– JMETC SECRET Network (JSN): Always connected– JMETC MILS Network (JMN): Event-specific links TRMC Cybersecurity Services– Risk Management Framework Support– RDT&E Cybersecurity Standards: Overlay, SW Certification Test & Training Enabling Architecture (TENA)– TENA Software Repository– TENA Object Models– TENA Web Services Big Data / Knowledge Management Initiative– Enterprise Architecture Framework– Proofs of Concept Support National Cyber Range Complex (NCRC)– Cyber Range Infrastructure, Tools, Instrumentation– Offensive & Defensive Cyber Tests & Events (OCO/DCO)– Cyber SMEs & Support Team (including skilled OPFOR)27

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.TRMC Available Enterprise ServicesHardware, Software, & Subject MatterExpertise JSN-SYSCON Services Active JSN Monitoring &Troubleshooting VoIP including Conferencing Adobe Connect Collaboration XMPP Chat Secure JSN File Transfer YUM Server CentOS Updates Domain Name Service

Oct 15, 2019 · 5 TENA at a Glance What does TENA enable? Interoperability between inter-and intra-range assets Elimination of proprietary interfaces to range instrumentation Efficient incremental upgrades to test and training capabilities Integration of Live, Virtual, and Constructive assets (locally or distributed) Sharing and reuse of common capabilities across existing and new

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