ENTREPRENEURSHIP SKILLS TRAINING
ENTREPRENEURSHIP SKILLS TRAININGCOMPETENCY BASED SYLLABUS FORENTREPRENEURSHIPSKILLS TRAINING
A.INTRODUCTIONi.The review of this syllabus has been generally influenced by the demands of industries due to itscontinuous change as a result of technological advancement and the changing needs of society.It was also influenced by the TVET reforms under the directions of the new educational reformswith the view to opening up further education and training opportunities to TVET graduates.The certificate ONE syllabus is designed to respond to the following level descriptors:QUALIFICATIONCertificate 1KNOWLEDGE LEVEL1. To demonstrate a broad knowledgebase incorporating some technicalconcepts.2. To demonstrate knowledge of thetheoretical basis of practical skills.3. To demonstrate knowledge innumeracy, literacy, IT andEntrepreneurial skillsSKILLS AND ATTITUDE:1. Require a wide range oftechnical skills2. Are applied in a variety offamiliar and complex contextswith minimum supervision.3. Require collaboration withothers in a team
ii.The National Vocational Training Institute curriculum and course, specification in Entrepreneurshipis designed to meet the current unemployment situation in Ghana.Due to the global technological change leading to competition and the demand for quality personnel withentrepreneurial orientation.The certificate one is to equip student to be self employed, employ other and be marketable wherever theyfind themselves. The study of entrepreneurship in Technical and Vocational schools is intended to providethe requisite skills as either entrepreneurs or intrapreneurs.B.THE GENERAL OBJECTIVESThe primary objectives of the programme are to:Provide the knowledge, skills and attitudes in entrepreneurship skills training in entrepreneurship skillstraining in the Vocational and Technical education training that will best meet the Ghanaian economyDevelop positive attitude towards self employment, judicious use of material and time in class and on thefieldC.ENTRY REQUIREMENTSelection of students for the course is at the discretion of the head of institution. It is recommended thatentrants should satisfy one of the following:a.Must have passed the Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE) or its equivalent. However theselection of students for the course is within the discretion of the head of the institution.b.A pass in Senior Secondary School Certificate Examination (SSCE) or its equivalent.c.Mature applicant with prior knowledge and experience in the field of entrepreneurship. Candidatesmust go through an interview and practical assessment.
D.CERTIFICATECertificates are awarded to candidates who pass all the components of the examination by NVTI.The components for the examination are as follows:Written Paper I-Multiple ChoiceWritten Paper I-SubjectivePractical WorkOral – Presentation and defenseE.RESULT OF EXAMINATIONEach candidate will receive a record of performance giving the grade of performance for thecomponents taken.These are:i. Distinctionii. Creditiii. Passiv. FailF.REFERENCECandidate who could not reach the expected standard in the other components apart from the practicalhave two years within which he/she could resit those components of the examination.
TABLE OF CONTENTYEAR ONE and TWO – FOUNDDATION (292 HOURS) General concept of entrepreneurshipDefinitionWho is an entrepreneurFactors affecting entrepreneurship development Employment Small business/enterprise Business Environment Business development services Legal forms of business ownership Taxation Legal issues Decision making and problem solving Communication Creativity and business opportunity identification Source of financing Record keeping
YEA R THREE – CERTIFICATE (146 HOURS) Marketing Pricing Evaluating the new business Basic record books Stock records Credit purchase (creditor’s accounts records)/sales records (customer accounts records) Record Book or summary Records (ledger) Bank reconciliation Depreciation CostingYEAR FOUR – CERTIFICATE II (148 HOURS)Business PlanningFinancial ManagementCredit ManagementManaging PeopleTime ManagementBusiness Ethics
PRACTICALSFoundation: Presentation and defense of report of business identificationCertificate I Presentation and defense of report of businessesCertificate I I Presentation and defense of report of businesses Presentation and defense of simple businesses planREFERENCE BOOK1. Buame, S, (2000) Entrepreneurial And Innovative Management, School of Administration2. Dwomo-Fokuo, E. (2003) Entrepreneurship Theory And Practice, Kumasi Polytechnic3. Hisrich,R.D., Peters, M.P. (1995) Entrepreneurship Starting, Developing And Managing A New Enterprise, 3rd edition, RichardDirwin Inc.4. Kuratko, D.F., hodgetts, R.M, (1992) Entrepreneurship, A Contemporary Approach, 2nd edition, the Dryden Press.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP SKILLS TRAININGCERTIFICATE ONEA.INTRODUCTIONii.The review of this syllabus has been generally influenced by the demands of industries due to itscontinuous change as a result of technological advancement and the changing needs of society.It was also influenced by the TVET reforms under the directions of the new educational reformswith the view to opening up further education and training opportunities to TVET graduates.The certificate ONE syllabus is designed to respond to the following level descriptors:QUALIFICATIONCertificate 1KNOWLEDGE LEVEL1. To demonstrate a broad knowledgebase incorporating some technicalconcepts.2. To demonstrate knowledge of thetheoretical basis of practical skills.3. To demonstrate knowledge innumeracy, literally, IT andEntrepreneurial skillsSKILLS AND ATTITUDE:1. Require a wide range oftechnical skills2. Are applied in a variety offamiliar and complex contextswith minimum supervision.3. Require collaboration withothers in a team
ii.The National Vocational Training Institute curriculum and course, specification in Entrepreneurshipis designed to meet the current unemployment situation in Ghana.Due to the global technological change leading to competition and the demand for quality personnelwith entrepreneurial orientation.The certificate one is to equip student to be self employed, employ other and be marketable whereverthey find themselves. The study of entrepreneurship in Technical and Vocational schools is intendedto provide the requisite skills as either entrepreneurs or intrapreneurs.B.THE GENERAL OBJECTIVESThe primary objectives of the programme are to:Provide the knowledge, skills and attitudes in entrepreneurship skills training in entrepreneurship skillstraining in the Vocational and Technical education training that will best meet the GhanaianeconomyDevelop positive attitude towards self employment, judicious use of material and time in class and on thefield
C.ENTRY REQUIREMENTSelection of students for the course is at the discretion of the head of institution. It is recommendedthat entrants should satisfy one of the following:d. Must have passed the Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE) or its equivalent. However theselectionof students for the course is within the discretion of the head of the institution.e. A pass in Senior Secondary School Certificate Examination (SSCE) or its equivalent.f. Mature applicant with prior knowledge and experience in the field of entrepreneurship. Candidatesmust go through an interview and practical assessment.D.CERTIFICATECertificates are awarded to candidates who pass all the components of the examination by NVTI.The components for the examination are as follows:Written Paper I-Multiple ChoiceWritten Paper I-SubjectivePractical Work-Oral-Presentation and defense
E.RESULT OF EXAMINATIONEach candidate will receive a record of performance giving the grade of performance for thecomponents taken.These are:v. Distinctionvi. Creditvii. Passviii.F.FailREFERENCECandidate who could not reach the expected standard in the other components apart from thepractical have two years within which he/she could resit those components of the examination.NOTE: Failure in practical test denotes a total failure.
TABLE OF CONTENTYEAR ONE and TWO – FOUNDDATION (292 HOURS) General concept of entrepreneurshipDefinitionWho is an entrepreneurFactors affecting entrepreneurship development Employment Small business/enterprise Business Environment Business development services Legal forms of business ownership Taxation Legal issues Decision making and problem solving Communication Creativity and business opportunity identification Source of financing Record keeping
YEAR THREE – CERTIFICATE (146 HOURS) Marketing Pricing Evaluating the new business Basic record books Stock records Credit purchase (creditor’s accounts records)/sales records (customer accounts records) Record Book or summary Records (ledger) Bank reconciliation Depreciation CostingYEAR FOUR – CERTIFICATE II (148 HOURS)Business PlanningFinancial ManagementCredit ManagementManaging PeopleTime ManagementBusiness Ethics
PRACTICALSFoundation: Presentation and defense of report of business identificationCertificate I Presentation and defense of report of businessesCertificate I I Presentation and defense of report of businesses Presentation and defense of simple businesses planREFERENCE BOOK5. Buame, S, (2000) Entrepreneurial And Innovative Management, School of Administration6. Dwomo-Fokuo, E. (2003) Entrepreneurship Theory And Practice, Kumasi Polytechnic7. Hisrich,R.D., Peters, M.P. (1995) Entrepreneurship Starting, Developing And Managing A New Enterprise, 3rd edition, RichardDirwin Inc.8. Kuratko, D.F., hodgetts, R.M, (1992) Entrepreneurship, A Contemporary Approach, 2nd edition, the Dryden Press.
ENTREPRENUERSHIPYEAR ONEYEAROne &TwoTERMOneNO1.0TOPICGeneral concept G ANDLEARNING ACTIVITY/EVALUATIONMETHODOLOGY1.1.1. Describe howEntrepreneurship hasdevelop1.1.2 Describe howEntrepreneurship hasdeveloped in GhanaThe general evolution ofentrepreneurship1.1.3 Define the termEntrepreneurshipDefinition ofentrepreneurship fromdifferent perspectives1.1.4 Outline theimportance ofentrepreneurshipImportance ofentrepreneurship:enhances creativityand innovationbuilds selfconfidence in peopleserves as a tool fornation buildingserves as the engineof growth for thenations economyThe general evolution ofentrepreneurship fromthe colonial timesGuide students to tracethe evolution ofentrepreneurshipGuide students to tracethe development ofentrepreneurship inGhanaStudents are tobrainstorm to come outwith the definition ofentrepreneurship. Thisshould be followed by adiscussion on thedefinitionGuide students toidentify the role thatentrepreneurship playsin their localityExplain howentrepreneurship hasdeveloped in theworld includingGhana.DefineentrepreneurshipExplain the role thatentrepreneurshipplays in thedevelopment of thenations economy.
YEARTERMNOTOPICSPECIFIC OBJECTIVESCONTENTTEACHING .5 Explain the reasonswhy entrepreneurshipshould be developed in acountryWho is anentrepreneur1.2.1 Describe who anentrepreneur is and who abusiness person is1.2.2 State thecharacteristics of anentrepreneurReasons include:employment generationincreased nationalproductionre-investing nationalresourcesharnessing youth vigour,and etc.An entrepreneur refers toone who undertakes toorganize and manageresources and assumes therisk of a business to comeout with goods and servicesCharacteristics of theentrepreneursRisk takingNeed to achieveInnovation and creativityOpportunity Orientation,etc.Discuss whyentrepreneurshipshould be developedExplain the reasons forthe development ofentrepreneurshipBy lecturing andbrainstorming studentsare to describe anentrepreneurship and abusiness personDistinguish between abusiness person and anentrepreneuri) Organize a trip forstudents tovisit a renownedentrepreneurto share his/herexperiencesorii) Successfulentrepreneurs should beinvited to share theirexperiences withstudentsiii) Guide students toidentifythe characteristicsthey haveiv) Guide students todevelopentrepreneurialcharacteristicsPresent findings in classIdentify an entrepreneurand find out why he/sheis an entrepreneurIdentify entrepreneurialcharacteristics in students
YEAROneTERMNOTwoTOPICFactors CTIVES1.3 Explain the factorsthat affect thedevelopment ofentrepreneurship2.1. Defineemployment2.2 Describe the typesof employmentCONTENTTEACHING ANDLEARNING ACTIVITY/EVALUATIONMETHODOLOGYFactors that affect thedevelopment ofentrepreneurial spirit inpeoplei) Environment( immediatefamily and friends),community, national,internationalii) Financialiii) Displacement, etc.The role of thei) Governmentii) Societyiii) Families and friendsiv) other stakeholders forexample financialinstitutions play in thedevelopment ofentrepreneurship in thecountryEmployment is working toearn a living, payment couldbe in the form of wages orsalaries depending on thenature of workTypes of employmentWage employmentSelf employmenti) Brainstorm to come outwith the factors that affectthe development ofentrepreneurial spiritii) Guide students to comeout with ways theirupbringing has helped toeither kill or develop thisentrepreneurial spirit in themIdentify the factorswhich affect thedevelopment ofentrepreneurialspiritBy brainstorming letstudents find out about thedefinition of employmentDefineemploymentBy telling a story andquestioning and answering,students should mention thetwo type of employment anddefine themDescribe the twotypes ofemploymentself andwageemployment
TEACHING AND LEARNINGYEARTERMNOTOPICSPECIFICOBJECTIVES2.3 State theadvantage anddisadvantage of wageand self es and characteristics ofwage employment and selfemploymentBy doing a role play anddiscussion afterwards studentsshould come out with theadvantages and disadvantages ofwage and self employmentOrganize visits for studentsand/or invite resource persons(self and wage employed) toshare their motives for self andwage employment and givereasons for unemploymentList theadvantages anddisadvantages ofwage and selfemploymentState the reasonswhy people gointo self or wageemployment andthe reasons forunemploymentstudents tosubmit a fieldtrip report2.4 Outline the reasons Self employmentwhy people go intoRegain lost imagewage or selfExercise control overemployment persistsbusinessBecome bossWage employmentAssured incomeCommitment may beless2.5 State the reasonInadequate capital,why unemploymenttechnology, etcpersist3.0SMALLBUSINESS/ENTERPRISE3.1 Define smallbusinessSmall business are definedbased on the number ofpeople and the capitalemployed3.2 State theCharacteristics of smallcharacteristics of small businesses:businessLabour intensiveSmall capital outlay, etc.3.3 List the areas ofsmall operationAreas: Trading, Catering,etcBy using newspaper,advertisements andbrainstorming let students findout about the definition of smallbusiness. Explain the NBSSIdefinition of small business.Discuss with students thecharacteristics of smallbusinesses in their locality andcomment on their commonfeatures.By reading newspaper articlesand brainstorming let thestudents find out about the areasof small business operationsIdentify smallbusinessDescribe thecharacteristics ofsmall businessesIdentify theareas of smallbusinessoperation
TEACHING AND LEARNINGYEARTERMNOTOPICSPECIFICOBJECTIVES3.4 Outline the role ofsmall businessesCONTENTThe role that smallbusinesses play in thecountry. They form the:nursery for otherentrepreneurstechnical base foreconomic developmentplatform for mobilizingresources for economicdevelopment. Etc.ACTIVITY/METHODOLOGYEVALUATIONGuide students to identify smallbusinesses in their locality andidentify the role they play.Identify the roleof smallbusinesses
TEACHING AND .5 Explain thechallenges/problems facing smallbusinesses4.0BusinessEnvironment4.1 Define thebusinessenvironment4.2 Explain themajorenvironmentalfactors that NChallenges/problems facing smallbusinesses include:FinancingAccess to marketsGovernment policiesInadequate managerial skillsetcDefinition of the terms:BusinessEnvironmentBusiness environmentThe major environmental factorthat affect business include:Culture and ural environmentLegalGuide students to get first handinformation from small businesseson their problems/challenges.Students are to write report forclass discussions.State thechallenges/problems facing smallbusinesses inGhanaBy brainstorming let students findout about the definition ofbusiness environmentExplain businessenvironmentBy lecturing, brainstorming, anddiscussion explain to students themajor environmental factors thataffect businesses.Identify themajorenvironmentalFactors
TEACHING AND ESBusinessDevelopmentServices5.2.1 Identifybusinessdevelopmentservice providers,the services theyprovide and thosewhose permissionor approval arenecessary toenable smallbusinesses tooperateCONTENTBusiness development serviceproviders in Ghana.National Board for SmallScale Industries (NBSSI)Management Developmentand Productivity Institute(MDPI) Etc.Services providedCapitalTrainingLink entrepreneursTo potential customersFacilitating AgenciesTransport companiesInsurance companiesACTIVITY/METHODOLOGYEVALUATIONBy organizing field visit/trips,inviting resource persons, talkingwith people for information, brainstorming, let students identify theorganizations and agencies thatsupport entrepreneurs, the type ofservices providedIdentify thebusinessdevelopmentorganizationsand institutionsand state theirfunctions and thesupport theyprovide.
5.2 Describe theadvantages ofregistering abusinessRadio stationsAdvantages of registering abusiness include:National requirementGain recognition or legalstatus, etc.5.3 Describe theprocedure forregistering abusinessBusiness registration procedure:Purchase registration form fromthe Registrar General (R-G)departmentComplete the form and return toR-GSearch by R-GAfter role play, guide students tobrain storm and come out withadvantages of registering abusinessGuide students to fill in thebusiness registration form.The teacher should invite theRegistrar of Companies ororganize a visit to the office ofthe Registrar of Companies forstudents to get first handinformation.List theadvantages ofregistering abusinessDescribe theprocedure forregistering abusinessCertificate to commence business isissuedStart the businessYEAR TWOTEACHING AND LEARNINGYEARTERMTWOOneNO6.0TOPICLegal formsof BusinessOwnershipSPECIFICOBJECTIVES6.1 Identify the legalforms of businessownership6.2. Explain theadvantages anddisadvantagesCONTENTForms of business ownership:Sole trade (proprietorship)PartnershipLimited LiabilityCo-operativeadvantages and disadvantagesof various forms of businessownershipACTIVITY/METHODOLOGYIn groups, students visit thebusiness premises to have firsthand information on forms ofbusiness ownership. Studentspresent their groups findings onthe advantages anddisadvantages in class fordiscussionEVALUATIONList the forms ofbusiness ownershipIdentify theadvantages anddisadvantages offorms of businessownership
7.0Taxation7.1 Explain Taxation 7.2. Taxation is payment peopleand benefits to itsmust make to maintain theirsociety.government and to providegovernment servicesGuide students to discuss whattaxation isDiscuss what taxationis.7.2. Outline thetypes of taxationTypes of TaxationDirectIndirectAssist students to identify thetypes of taxationIdentify the types oftaxation7.3 Describe thebenefits of taxationand the reasons whysome smallbusinesses do notpay taxServices governments providewith taxes include:RoadsHospitalsEtc.Students to brainstorm andcome out with the benefits oftaxation and the reasons whyso
Kuratko, D.F., hodgetts, R.M, (1992) Entrepreneurship, A Contemporary Approach, 2nd edition, the Dryden Press. ENTREPRENEURSHIP SKILLS TRAINING CERTIFICATE ONE A. INTRODUCTION ii. The review of this syllabus has been generally influenced by the demands of industries due to its
To define the entrepreneurship. To explain the significance of Entrepreneurship. To explain the Entrepreneurship Development. To describe the Dynamics of Entrepreneurship Development. 1.1 Need and significance of Entrepreneurship Development in Global contexts It is said that an economy is an effect for which entrepreneurship is the cause.
CHAPTER 2: ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND CREATIVITY ctives. epreneurs. reneurship. 3:49). thought on the meaning of entrepreneurship. One group focused on the characteris-tics of entrepreneurship (e.g. innovation, growth, uniqueness) while a second group focused on the outcomes of entrepreneurship (e.g. the creation of value).
identify and describe characterizations of technology entrepreneurship, digital techno-logy entrepreneurship, and digital entrepreneurship. With this new delineation of terms, we would like to foster discussion between researchers, entrepreneurs, and policy makers on the impact of digitization on entrepreneurship, and set a future research agenda.
Digital entrepreneurship is the phenomenon associated with digital entrepreneurial activity. While the expressions ‘ICT entrepreneurship’ and ‘digital entrepreneurship’ are widely used, we have opted to use only the expression ‘digital entrepreneurship’ in this
Academic entrepreneurship: time for a rethink? 9 As academic entrepreneurship has evolved, so too must scholarly analysis of academic entrepreneurship. There has been a rise in scholarly interest in academic entrepreneurship in the social sciences (e.g., economics, sociology, psychology, and political science) and several fields of business
Global Entrepreneurship Education II- FRAMEWORK TABLE 1: CASES BY LEARNER CATEGORY III- ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN CHINA The Maker Space of Tsinghua University High School: Extreme Learning Process (XLP) For Entrepreneurship Education Tsinghua x-lab: a University-based Platform For Creativity, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education
Entrepreneurship Development and Management, Vasant Desai, HPH 2. Entrepreneurship Management, Bholanath Dutta, Excel Books 3. Entrepreneurial Development, Sangeeta Sharma, PHI 4. Entrepreneurship, Rajeev Roy, Oxford University Press. CONTENTS MODULE I – ENTREPRENEURSHIP 1. The Concept
To define corporate entrepreneurship, initially the term entrepreneurship must be defined. Secondly, it is important to define clearly what entrepreneurship in established companies means. The main problem with the preparation of scientific papers regarding entrepreneurship is the concretization of a conceptual framework (Shane & Venkataraman .
