COURSEBOOK 6B - GoGuru

COURSEBOOK 6B3rd EditionDr Lee Ngan Hoe Dr Koay Phong Lee Charlotte CollarsOng Bee Leng Tan Cheow Seng

PrefaceShaping Maths (3rd Edition) is an instructional package written according tothe 2013 Ministry of Education, Singapore, primary mathematics syllabus. Thepackage is designed to meet the learning needs of pupils from Primary 1 to 6.The Primary 6 package consists of two Coursebooks, two Activity Books andtwo Teacher’s Planning Guides.ApproachShaping Maths (3rd Edition) adopts a thematic approach towards the learningof mathematics in the upper primary levels. These themes reflect various aspectsof pupils’ lives and help provide a concrete framework for the mathematicalconcepts that pupils learn in class. Pupils’ learning is then reinforced throughthe use of pictures and icons before they are introduced to the formal symbolicmode of mathematical representation. The themes also provide an environmentfor pupils to experience the interdisciplinary nature of learning.Continuing research in education has resulted in the introduction of newfeatures in the third edition. Through these features, educators are furtherequipped with various strategies in addressing teaching and learning needs.These features include hands-on activities, group/pair work and open-endedquestions to encourage exploration and in-depth thinking among pupils. Thiswill equip pupils well for the challenges of the 21st century.FeaturesColourfully illustrated unit openers encourage rich and active pupilparticipation in learning and connections to everyday life through whole classdiscussion.t2CailiMy cuboid is 3 units long and 2 units wide.Volume 3 2Volume24 cubic unitsWhat will be the height of my cuboid?Aini, Bala and Caili each use 24 unit cubes to build a cuboid.My cuboid is 4 units long, 2 units wideand 3 units high. The volume of mycuboid is 4 2 3 24 cubic units.3 unitsAini4 units2 unitsCan I use all these 24 cubesto make a big cube? Explain.My cuboid is 4 units long and 3 units wide.BalaVolume 4 3David24 cubic unitsThe height of my cuboid isunits.A Gprou ityivctUse 24 unit cubes to build a cuboid that is different from the cuboids built by Aini, Bala and Caili.Find the length, breadth and height of your cuboid.AB 6B, p 21 Recall 21703(M)SMCB6B U2.indd 174/7/17 3:54 pm18Unit 203(M)SMCB6B U2.indd 18Volume4/7/17 3:54 pmFriends of Shaping MathsThe themes of the Coursebook revolve around Aini, Bala, Caili and David.The characters stimulate pupils’ interest and heighten their involvement in thelearning process.

Question classification helps teachers spend their timemore effectively by using the appropriate questions to getpupils to master the necessary skills.Town U and Town V were 450 km apart. Mr Ahmad drove from Town U to Town Vat a constant speed of 75 km/h. At the same time, Mr Abdul drove from Town Vto Town U at a constant speed of 90 km/h. How far apart were they after 1 h?12Mr Ahmad75 km/h, 1 hMr Abdul90 km/h, 1 h?Town UTown V450 kmA car and a lorry started travelling at the same time from Town R to Town S.13When the car arrived in Town S, the lorry had only travelledReinforcement of current concepts3of the journey.5The lorry needed 45 min more to complete the journey. The lorry travelled ata constant speed of 60 km/h. Find the distance between the two towns.CarTown RTown SLorry60 km/h45 min?Higher-order thinking skills/enrichment12Town P and Town Q were 472 km apart. Motorist X left Town P for Town Q at1410 45, travelling at a constant speed of 65 km/h. At the same time, Motorist Y leftTown Q for Town P, travelling at a constant speed of 70 km/h. Both motorists tookthe same route. What time did they pass each other?Motorist X65 km/hMotorist Y70 km/hTown PTown Q4721km2Total distance covered by both motorists in 1 h12Total time taken to cover 472 kmFunh after 10 45 iswithActivity for 4 pupilsMathsFun with Maths engagespupils in interactive mathsactivities that encourageexploration, discovery andactive thinking.stopwatch4 x 100 m RelayWhat to do:STEPSelect your team members and write their names in the first column of a tablesuch as below.Example:My NotesTeammembers.They passed each other atWhat you need:Distance (m)SpeedTime taken (s)Distance(m/s)Time100 mmDrawings of 100SolidFigures14Unit 1kmhAB 6B, p 15 Activity 5Speed02(M)SMCB6B U1 2pf.indd 1412/6/17 5:41 PMAini, Caili, Bala and David bought some gifts. Name the shapes of the solids that they bought.100 mDotted lines represent the hidden edges.100 mName of solidMy Notes helps pupilsconsolidate and recall,and commit to memorykey learning concepts.DrawingSTEPGo to a running track.STEPEach member runs 100 m.CubeCuboidSTEPRecord the time taken by each member.Find the average running speed of each member.PrismWho is the fastest runner in the team?CylinderCompare the average running speeds of your teammembers with those of the other teams. Predict theteam that will win the 4 100 m relay. Explain yourprediction.PyramidA box of cookiesA bar of chocolateA tin of biscuits115NetsA net is a a flat shape that can be folded to form a solid such as a cube.12/6/17 5:42 PMThe gift that I bought for mymother had 2 triangular faces.Can you guess what I boughtfor her?Below are drawings of pyramids.Guiding questions buildthe habit of checking tounderstand a problem.AB 6B, p 19 Let’s Find OutCone02(M)SMCB6B U1 2pf.indd 15A puzzle cubefacebase Distance travelled Speedbase Time takenABbaseCa) How many faces does each pyramid have?b) What is the shape of each face of each solid?c ) Draw a pyramid with a triangular base on a piece of paper.a cubeA solid can have more than one net.AB 6B, p 90 My Maths Journal6706(M)SMCB6B U4 1pf.indd 678/6/17 5:15 PMCubes and CuboidsA Gprou ityivcta) Build three cuboids. Use 64 1-cm cubes to build each cuboid. Then find the missingnumbers in the table Base area(cm2)48Volume(cm3)VolumeBreadth Height4 cmA2 cm?BreadthVolumeLength HeightSolid Figures06(M)SMCB6B U4 1pf.indd 548/6/17 5:15 PMReview16 cmA1Johari cycled at a constant speed of 200 m/min. How far did he cycle in 45 min?Give your answer in metres.2Mr Tan completed a journey in 6 h at an average speed of 50 km/h. Mr Yucompleted the same journey at an average speed of 75 km/h. How much lessPart Atime did Mr Yu spend than Mr Tan to complete the journey?For each question, four options are given. One of them is the correct answer.3Mrs Jones took 5 h to travel from Town P to Town Q. She took 2 h to cover the first( 1) 1(2) 2half of her journey at an average speed of 100 km/h. Find her average speed for(3) 3(4) 8the second half of the journey.4Express1.005routeas a tomixednumberin itssimplestform.2 takeMuthu and his brother Rajuthe sameschool.Muthu’sconstantwalkingspeed is 30 m/min faster than Raju’s.1 When Muthu reaches their school in 12 5min,(2) 1( 1) 1220100Raju has only walked of the distance. Find the distance between their house and153(3) 1(4) 12001000the school.Revision3Review and Revisionprovide a formativeassessment of pupils’understanding and help toconsolidate learning.64Volume of a cuboid Length Breadth HeightLengthUnit 4Activities have been includedto provide more individual,pair and group hands-onlearning. These, along withthe manipulatives required,are highlighted for ease of use.tCuboidNEW!54My Summary12 minHouse We can write a number as a product of two or more factors.12 2 2 3product B?VolumeLength BreadthC2 cmVolumeBase area?4 cm2 cm1903(M)SMCB6B U2 1pf.indd 198/6/17 2:08 PMMy Summary helps pupils toconsolidate their learning atthe end of the year. It alsoserves as a quick revisionguide for pupils.factors( 1) 16 cm(2) 20 cmof 55(3)7 a.m.24 cmand drove at a constant speed(4)32 km/h.cm295 20 Mrs29Foo2started10 her journey at2 h later, Mrs Chen started her journey from the same starting point as Mrs Foo58took 102 h to catch up with Mrs Foo. What was Mrs Chen’s constant driving speed?and580We use ‘ ’ to represent ‘approximately equal to’.4Number04(M)SMCB6B Review A 1pf.indd 35hundred( 1) 14.4 l32 600(3) 72 l1 decimalplace32 560the nearestwhole number14.28514.643 5thousand33 0002 decimalplaces1414.314.291514.614.6408(M)SMCB6B Revision 1pf.indd 75Number35ARoundedrectangularto tank measures 60 cm by 40 cm by 30 cm. How much water is4neededto fill the tanktheto nearestof its capacity?the nearestthe nearest ten32 561Operation8/6/17 4:18 PM(2) 57.6 l(4) 90 l 10 100320032 100032 000320 100.030.003 1000.30.003 10003My Summary09(M)SMCB6B Summary 2pf.indd 88758/6/17 10:15 PMAnswer32320.00388Sections with this icon involve the use of calculators.SchoolRajuMuthu is made up of eight 1-cm squares. What is its perimeter?The figure3Number Notation and Place Value HeightFind the remainder when 8348 is divided by 5.13/6/17 3:59 PM

CONTENTS1 Speed Speed Average Speed Solving Word Problems24692 Volume Cubes and Cuboids Solving Word ProblemsReview A171925353 Pie Charts Reading Pie Charts41424 Solid Figures52Review B68Revision75My Summary88 Drawings of Solid Figures Nets5357

1SpeedDavid is behind me.He is slower than I am.I reached the finish linebefore Caili. I am fasterthan Caili.Who took the shortest time to complete the walk?2

I walked 250 m in 5 min.I walked 250 m in 6 min.Bala walked faster. He took a shorter time to walk 250 m.In 1 min, Bala walked 50 m and Caili walked 41.7 m.Bala‘s walking speed was 50 m per minute.Caili‘s walking speed was 41.7 m per minute.Speed tells us how fast the children walked. It is the distance travelled per unit of time.Speed is the distance travelled per unit of time.Speed Distance travelled Time takenDid David walk more than 41 m in 1 min? Explain.DidYouKnow?In the 2016 Olympics, gold medalist Usain Bolt of Jamaica ran 100 m in 9.81 s. Elaine Thompson of Jamaica ran 100 m in 10.71 s. Matej Toth of Slovakia walked 50 km in 3 h 40 min 58 s. Joseph Schooling of Singapore swam the 100 m butterfly in 50.39 s.Who can run faster, Usain Bolt or Elaine Thompson? How do you know?Do you think Usain Bolt can run 200 m in 19.62 s? Explain.AB 6B, p 1 Recall 13

SpeedBala and Caili shared a taxi home after the fun walk.The speedometer showed how fast the taxi was travelling.SMCB6B U1 1The taxi travelled at 60 kilometres per hour.We write 60 kilometres per hour as 60 km/h.At this speed, how far would it travel in 2 h?km1h?2kmAt this speed, how far would it travel in12At this speed, how far would it travel in 2 h?kmDistance travelled Speed Time takenAt this speed, how long would the taxi take to cover 180 km?At this speed, how long would it take to cover 120 km?At this speed, how long would it take to cover 90 km?Time taken Distance Speed4Unit 1Speedhhh

1The figure below shows the maximum speed of each car.Car A81 km/hCar B74 km/hCar C90 km/hCar D89 km/hArrange the cars from the slowest to the fastest. Explain.2Read the speed shown on each speedometer.605070 80 7090 80 7070 80 7090 80 7070 80 7090 80 7090 80 9090 80 9090 80 906060606060606060100100100100 100100 100100 1005050 110 110 110505050 110 110 110505050 110 110 030 km/h30 km/h13013030km/h13030 km/h30 km/h13013030km/h13030 km/h30 km/h130130404040202020 140 140 140 202020 140 140 140 202020 140 140 140150150150150 150150 150150 0000000Car XCar YCar Za) Which car is travelling the fastest?b) Explain the speedometer reading of Car X.c ) Car Y travelled at this speed for1h. How far did it travel at this speed?23David‘s toy robot walked 240 cm in 5 s. What was its speed?4After ascending, an aeroplane travels adistance of 1800 km at a speed of 900 km/hbefore descending. Find the time it takes totravel at this speed.We can calculate speed,distance and time usingthe following:DS5TA toy train is moving at 70 cm/s. At this speed, what is the distance it will coverin 5 s?AB 6B, p 5 Activity 15