J5686 SES2 Chapter 16-19 AW WM

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Chapter 16Route Window C7:Liverpool Street West –Moorgate

19416CrossrailRoute Window C7: Liverpool Street West – MoorgateLocation Plan of Liverpool Street Station16.1Summary of Residual Impacts16.1.1The following significant residual adverse impacts will occur temporarily during theutilities works, in addition to those reported in the main ES: Visual Amenity: Impacts for workers and residents in flats and offices in the vicinityof the Moorgate enabling works worksite. Affected receptors are along the southernside of London Wall, the eastern side of Bloomfield Street, and the junction ofLondon Wall and Moorgate. Townscape and Built Heritage: These additional utility works will result intemporary adverse impacts on the setting of the Grade II listed buildings at59 – 73 and 83 Moorgate. Townscape and Built Heritage: There will be significant impacts on the setting ofthe Grade II listed Carpenters’ Hall at 1 Throgmorton Avenue. Traffic and Transport: Traffic delays due to works at the Moorgate/London Wall junction. Traffic and Transport: Buses on route 133 and N133 will be diverted from theirnormal routes leading to significant additional walking distances for passengers.16.2The Utility WorksOverview16.2.1An overview of the utility works is included in the introductory text in Section 1.3. In thisroute window the utilities works will be undertaken in seven stages. The timings of eachof these stages are shown in Figure 16.1 and the stages are represented graphically inthe maps in the SES2 mapping volume (S2a).

Supplementary Environmental Statement 2SES2195Key Assumptions16.2.2The specific assumptions adopted for the assessment of these works (in addition tothose listed in paragraph 2.1.3) are detailed below:Moorgate Enabling Works Pedestrian access to Moorgate station and the elevated walkway (Highwalk) networkwill be maintained at all times; and Works at the junction of Moorgate and Finsbury Circus will not take place at thesame time as works in Blomfield Street.Aerial view looking north along MoorgateScheme DescriptionStage 1 (Duration 11 –18 Months) Enabling Works16.2.3Stage 1 is the diversion of existing utilities from Moorfields and Moorgate to thesurrounding roads. This excludes utilities that have to remain in Moorfields andMoorgate due to connections to existing properties. The works will be undertaken on arolling programme basis. That is, not all the roads will be excavated at the same time.Works will be planned to occur in phases between road junctions or other suitablepoints so that the impacts of each phase can be limited. Each phase is assumed to lastapproximately 2– 3 months. The only exception to this is the Moorgate station sewer

196Crossraildiversion in Fore Street Avenue. This is programmed to last for 9 months but within thetotal duration of stage 1. The sewer works have already been assessed and is reportedwithin the main ES, Volume 2, Chapter 8, (paragraph 8.9.16).16.2.4It is noted that the London Wall/Moorgate junction is an important location. Wherepossible, utilities will be diverted via the pedestrian area to the north of London Wall, tolimit the impact on this junction.16.2.5The diversion of the telecom cables in Blomfield Street could instead be diverted viaFinsbury Circus to reduce the impact in Blomfield Street. However, it is envisaged thatany civil works (ie excavations, duct laying, and reinstatement) in Blomfield Street wouldbe undertaken at the same time as the utility diversions for Liverpool Street so that therewould be no additional impacts.16.2.6This stage also includes gas diversions at the junction of Silk Street with Moor Lane andRopemaker Street with Finsbury Street.Stage 2 (Duration 4 – 6 Months) Enabling Works16.2.7Stage 2 involves diversion works in Moorgate and in particular the junction of Moorgatewith Finsbury Circus and Moor Place. The diversions across this junction will beundertaken in two halves to keep a minimum of one lane open at all times. It isassumed that all works associated with stage 2 will be undertaken overnight.Stage 3 (Duration 9 – 35 Months) Enabling Works16.2.8Stage 3 is the pulling and jointing of telecom and electrical cables only, some of thejointing will occur for 24 hours per day. Whilst this stage will not involve civil works(ie excavation, reinstatement, etc.) generators will be required at specific locations.Once this stage is complete many of the existing services in Moorfields and Moorgatecan be decommissioned.Stage 4a (Duration 2 – 3 Months) Enabling Works16.2.9Stage 4a is the diversion of existing utilities in the east side of Moorgate to the westside of Moorgate. On completion the main civil contractor can commence excavationin the east side of Moorgate. It is assumed that utility connections that cross the centreof Moorgate will occur overnight.Stage 4b (Duration 9 Months) Concurrent with the Main Civil Works16.2.10 Stage 4b is preparatory works for the temporary diversion of the London Bridge sewer.The works will involve the construction of two chambers to allow connection into theexisting sewer. These works will involve the placing of concrete. All the works willhappen within the main civil works and have already been assessed and reported inthe main ES, Volume 2, Chapter 8, (paragraph 8.9.16).

Supplementary Environmental Statement 2SES2197Stage 4c (Duration 2 – 4 Months) Separate to the Main Civil Works16.2.11 Stage 4c is the diversion of utilities from the west side of Moorgate to the east sideof Moorgate. On completion of this stage the main civil contractor can commenceexcavation on the west side of Moorgate. It cannot be started until the completion ofstage 4b and must be completed prior to commencement of stage 5. It is assumedthat utility connections that cross the centre of Moorgate will occur overnight.Stage 5 (Duration 7 Months) Concurrent with the Main Civil Works16.2.12 Stage 5 is the diversion of the London Bridge sewer under the temporary road deckin Moorgate. The sewer will be diverted temporarily (3 months duration) after which themain civil contractor will construct the escalator shaft. On completion of the escalatorshaft the sewer will be permanently reinstated along its original line and profile.The temporary and permanent diversions have previously been assessed in themain ES, Volume 2, Chapter 8, (paragraph 8.9.16).Stage 6a (Duration 2 – 3 Months) Concurrent with the Main Civil Works16.2.13 Stage 6a is the temporary diversion of a small diameter water main in Moorfields.The works will be concurrent with the main construction works at Moorfields andwill be within the main worksite.Stage 6b (Duration 2 – 3 Months) Concurrent with the Main Civil Works16.2.14 Stage 6b is the temporary diversion of a small diameter water main in Moorfields.The works will be concurrent with the main construction works at Moorfields andwill be within the main worksite.Stage 7a (Duration 2 – 4 Months) Concurrent with the Main Civil Works16.2.15 Stage 7a is the permanent reinstatement of utilities in the west side of Moorgate.Works will take place within the main worksiteStage 7b (Duration 2 – 4 Months) Concurrent with the Main Civil Works16.2.16 Stage 7b is the permanent reinstatement of utilities in the east side of Moorgate.London Wall Diversions16.2.17 If it is not possible to locate all utilities in London Wall due to the location of theScheduled Ancient Monument, alternative routes will have to be found for somediversions. The proposed alternative is to divert utilities south of London Wall viaMoorgate/Lothbury/Throgmorton Street/Old Broad Street.16.2.18 The diversions will be limited to telecom cables with excavations kept to a maximumdepth of 1.5 m to 2 m in depth. The civil elements will coincide with stage 1 of theassessment in the main ES whilst the cable pulling and jointing will coincide with stage 3.

Figure 16.1 Programme for Moorgate198Crossrail

Supplementary Environmental Statement 216.3SES2199Impacts on Townscape and Built HeritageLiverpool Street (west)Baseline16.3.1The utility worksites are generally located in a townscape of high sensitivity and highquality, although the streets to the west of Moorgate are generally of moderate qualityand moderate sensitivity. The streets to the east of Moorgate are within either, theFinsbury Circus Conservation Area, Bank Conservation Area or New Broad StreetConservation Area. Works in Finsbury Circus are adjacent to the Finsbury CircusGardens, protected under the London Square Preservation Act and registered as aGrade II garden in the English Heritage Register. The streets adjacent to, and within,these conservation areas contain a number of listed buildings. The full baselineassessment of the sensitivity of the townscape within the Liverpool Street routewindow can be found in the main ES, Volume 2, Chapter 8, (paragraph 8.9.27).16.3.2All stages of the utility works include works adjacent to townscape resources of highor moderate sensitivity for example listed buildings, conservation areas or historic parksand gardens. The works within Finsbury Circus are particularly sensitive on accountof the concentration of high sensitivity resources in this area.Direct Impacts on Listed Buildings16.3.3There will be no additional impacts on listed buildings as a result of the utilitiesdiversions at Moorgate enabling works worksite.16.3.4All excavations will be kept to between 1.5 m and 2 m in depth. Provided that theexcavations are carried out in the highway (road or pavement), the risk of significantimpacts to listed buildings appears to be fairly low. As the detailed design of the worksprogresses checks should be carried out to confirm the presence of vaults or otherstructures under the roads and pavements and appropriate assessments carried out.If necessary, mitigation such as the temporary removal of listed bollards should beundertaken in order to avoid the risk of damage to listed structures.16.3.5Provided that the excavations are carried out in the highway (road or pavement),there are unlikely to be any significant impacts on listed buildings.Assessment, Mitigation and Residual Impacts16.3.6Utilities works in Moor Lane and Ropemaker Street will be of short duration, and theimpacts on the townscape will not be significant. Works at Fore Street Avenue wereassessed and reported in the main ES.16.3.7Utilities works in Moorgate, which occur during all stages of the works, will occur partlywithin and adjacent to the main Moorgate construction worksite. When considered inaddition to the main construction works, these will result in an increased duration ofimpact (of between 28 and 60 months) and a larger area of worksite during someperiods, but only a minor increase in intensity. This is not considered to result in anychange to the level of significance of impacts on the local townscape resources.However, these additional utility works will result in temporary adverse impacts on thesetting of the Grade II listed buildings at 59 – 73 and 83 Moorgate.

20016.3.8CrossrailUtilities works in London Wall, Blomfield Street and around Finsbury Circus will occurduring stages 1 and 3. Although of short duration during stage 1, the works are oflonger duration (between 9 and 35 months) during stage 3. When considered inaddition to the main construction works in Moorgate, Finsbury Circus and BlomfieldStreet, these works will cover a wider area, extending into the Bank Conservation Areain addition to the Finsbury Circus and New Broad Street Conservation Areas. Althoughthere would also be a minor increase in the duration and intensity of the impacts onthese townscape resources, conservation areas or listed buildings (as already identifiedin the main ES), the additional utility works would not result in any increase in the levelof significance of those impacts. The impact on the Bank Conservation Area is notconsidered to be significant. There will be significant impacts on the setting of theGrade II listed Carpenters' Hall at 1 Throgmorton Avenue.London Wall DiversionBaseline16.3.9The utility diversion works are located within a townscape of generally high quality andhigh sensitivity. They are largely located within the Bank Conservation Area and abut anumber of listed buildings. The utility works extend up to the southern edge of theFinsbury Circus Conservation Area and up to the southern edge of the New BroadStreet Conservation Area.16.3.10 The diversion works would be carried out in streets that are largely within the BankConservation Area and are also lined by many buildings of high architectural quality,including one Grade II* listed building, four Grade II listed buildings and a Grade II listedtelephone kiosk.Direct Impacts on Listed Buildings16.3.11 The utilities works proposed for the London Wall diversions will be kept to 1.5 m to2.0 m depth. Provided that the excavations are carried out in the highway (road orpavement), there are unlikely to be any significant impacts on listed buildings.Assessment, Mitigation and Residual Impacts16.3.12 The utility works will be of short duration and consequently the impacts on thetownscape resources will not be significant.16.4Impacts on Visual AmenityLiverpool Street (west)Baseline16.4.1Visibility of the utility worksites is restricted by the buildings that line the frontagesof the streets where the works would take place. The zone of visual influence forthe utility works extends along London Wall, Blomfield Street, Finsbury Circus,Moorgate, Moorfields, Moor Lane, Fore Street Avenue, Circus Place and RopemakerStreet. A mixture of high and medium sensitivity visual receptors are located in oraround these streets.

Supplementary Environmental Statement 2SES2201Assessment, Mitigation and Residual Impacts16.4.2Utilities works in Moor Lane and Ropemaker Street will be of short duration, and theimpacts on visual amenity will not be significant. Works at Fore Street Avenue wereassessed in the main ES.16.4.3Stages 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7 in Moorgate, Moorfields, London Wall, Blomfield Street andFinsbury Circus will not result in any significant residual impacts on visual amenity.When considered in addition to the main construction works, the additional utility worksin these stages will result in a minor increase in either the extent or duration of visualimpacts or a minor increase in intensity for visual receivers. This would not change thelevel of significance of impacts for receptors in the vicinity of these works. The stage 2and 3 works will result in additional significant temporary adverse visual impacts onworkers and residents at flats, retail units and offices along the southern side of LondonWall (between Coleman Street and Great Winchester Street), along the eastern side ofBlomfield Street (between Broad Street Place and London Wall), at the junction ofLondon Wall and Moorgate (ie 72 Moorgate and 115 London Wall), at 118 –118aLondon Wall and 83– 87 Moorgate).London Wall DiversionBaseline16.4.4Visibility of the South of London Wall utility works is restricted by the buildings thatline the frontages of the streets where the works will take place. The zone of visualinfluence for works will extend along sections of Moorgate, Lothbury, ThrogmortonStreet, Old Broad Street and also into some adjacent passageways. Visual receptorsin the buildings along the above streets are generally of moderate sensitivity.Assessment, Mitigation and Residual Impacts16.4.5The works will be of short duration and consequently the impacts on visual amenityreceptors will not be significant.16.5Impacts on ArchaeologyBaseline16.5.1The baseline resources (excluding those specific to the gardens of Finsbury Circus),are described in the main ES, Volume 2, Chapter 8 (paragraph 8.9.61), potentiallyincluding the below-ground remains of the Roman and medieval city wall, a ScheduledAncient Monument, beneath London Wall and the southern end of Moorgate; and alsothe former burial ground of the Bethlehem Hospital burial ground near the junction ofBlomfield Street and Liverpool Street.Assessment, Mitigation and Residual ImpactsRoman and Medieval City Wall Scheduled Ancient Monument16.5.2It is proposed that utilities from Moorgate, Finsbury Circus and Blomfield Street will bediverted along London Wall, potentially affecting the remains of the Roman andmedieval city wall, a Scheduled Ancient Monument running beneath London Wall and

202Crossrailthe southern end of Moorgate. The exact location and depth of the remains of the wallwithin London Wall are not fully known, but it is understood to be located underneaththe northern third to half of the street at between around 0.5 m to 2 m depth to the topof the remains. The diversions will require that utilities are routed both across theremains of the wall (from north of the wall to the south of the wall) and alongside thewall (in an eastwest direction in the southern half of London Wall).16.5.3Site specific mitigation measures will be applied to these works to ensure that damageto the scheduled area of the city wall is avoided. These works would be carried out inconsultation with the Inspector of Ancient Monuments and the City of London.Advanced exploratory works will be undertaken under archaeological supervision(informed by analysis of any ground-penetrating radar surveys conducted) to accuratelylocate the extent and depth of the city wall remains. Based on the results of this surveywork, during the detailed design of the works the trenches will be located to avoid thescheduled area of the city wall (ie the services will be in the southern part of LondonWall). Where this is not possible (ie where utilities are required to cross the wall), a routewill be selected where there is sufficient depth of modern material above the monumentfor a service trench, eg along previous service trenches, and in addition the depth of theservice trenches where they cross the monument may need to be reduced, so that theypass over the wall, with suitable protective measures.16.5.4The space available within London Wall for the diversion of utilities is constricted by thepresence of the Scheduled Ancient Monument as well as many existing services. At thelevel of design that has been undertaken to date (and prior to the results of exploratorywork to accurately locate the extent and depth of the city wall remains), it is notpossible to determine whether there is sufficient space within London Wall toaccommodate all of the diverted utilities, whilst avoiding impacts on the ScheduledAncient Monument. This issue will be clarified during the detailed design of the works,and through consultation with the Inspector of Ancient Monuments and the City ofLondon. Should it not prove possible to locate all of the utilities within London Wall, analternative route will be utilised as detailed in paragraph 16.2.17 & 18. This alternativeroute runs along Moorgate, Lothbury, Throgmorton Street, and Old Broad Street.16.5.5Even if the alternative route is utilised, it will be necessary for utilities to cross theScheduled Ancient Monument in a north to south direction. It is also likely that some ofthe utilities may be diverted along London Wall if sufficient space can be identified.Therefore the mitigation measures as set out above will still apply to these works. Withthis mitigation in place, no significant residual impacts on the Scheduled AncientMonument are predicted.Other Archaeological Remains16.5.6The diversions of electricity, telecoms, gas, and water services have potential to partiallyremove archaeological remains.16.5.7Utilities in Blomfield Street have potential to remove burials from the 16th to 18thcentury Bethlehem hospital burial ground. The preferred mitigation would be that theroutes and depths of these service trenches were designed in detail so as to reducethe risk of encountering such burials, with the objective of producing preservation insitu. If this is not possible, or if despite this burials are encountered, then the

Supplementary Environme

any civil works (ie excavations, duct laying, and reinstatement) in Blomfield Street would . 16.2.18 The diversions will be limited to telecom cables with excavations kept to a maximum depth of 1.5 m to 2 m in depth. The

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