NIOSH Pocket Guide To Chemical Hazards (2005-149) 3rd

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NIOSH POCKET GUIDE TO CHEMICAL HAZARDSDEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICESCenters for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthSeptember 2007DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-149First Printing – September 2005Second Printing – August 2006, with minor technical changesThird Printing – September 2007, with minor technical changesi

DISCLAIMERMention of the name of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by theNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). In addition, citations toWeb sites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoringorganizations or their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for thecontent of these Web sites.ORDERING INFORMATIONTo receive documents or other information about occupationalsafety and health topics, contact NIOSH at:Telephone: 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636)TTY: 1-888-232-6348E-mail: cdcinfo@cdc.govNIOSH Web site: http://www.cdc.gov/nioshFor a monthly update on news at NIOSH, subscribe toNIOSH eNews by visiting www.cdc.gov/niosh/eNews.For sale by:Superintendent of DocumentsU.S. Government Printing OfficeP.O. Box 371954Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954National Technical Information Service5285 Port Royal RoadSpringfield, VA 22161Telephone: (703) 605-6000GPO stock number: 017-033-00500-1Internet: http://bookstore.gpo.govTelephone: (202) 512-1800Toll-free telephone: (866) 512-1800Fax: (202) 512-2104NTIS stock number: PB2005-108099Internet: http://www.ntis.govTelephone: (703) 605-6000Toll-free telephone: (800) 553-6847This document is in the public domain andmay be freely copied or reprinted.SAFER HEALTHIER PEOPLE ii

ELECTRONIC VERSIONSThe Pocket Guide is available in CD-ROM format from NIOSH and is on the NIOSH Website (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npg.html). Further information about these electronicversions, or about copies of this and other NIOSH documents, may be obtained from theoffice listed below:NIOSH Publications4676 Columbia ParkwayCincinnati, Ohio 45226-1998Toll-free telephone: (800) 356-4674Fax: (513) 533-8573The Pocket Guide is also made available through commercial vendors in electronic formats.It is currently available in CD-ROM format from the vendors listed below. Please contactthem directly to receive more detailed information, including the prices of their products.Canadian Centre forOccupational Health and SafetyHamilton, Ontario, CanadaToll-free telephone: (800) 668-4284Fax: (905) 572-2206Praxis Environmental Systems, Inc.Guilford, ConnecticutTelephone: (203) 458-7111Fax: (203) 458-7121Micromedex, Inc.Englewood, ColoradoToll-free telephone: (800) 525-9083Fax: (800) 635-6339Industrial Hygiene Services, Inc.St. Louis, MissouriToll-free telephone: (800) 732-3015Fax: (314) 726-6361Tecsa S.p.A.Italy (portion in Italian)Telephone: 39 2 33910.484Fax: 39 2 33910.737Emergency Response Specialists, Inc.Birmingham, AlabamaTelephone: (205) 324-0100COMMENTS & SUGGESTIONSWe encourage and welcome any comments, suggestions, or corrections that you may haveregarding the Pocket Guide. You can use the Reader Response Card included with thePocket Guide, or you can contact us via e-mail or telephone. Thank you for your commentsand suggestions.E-mail address: npgcomments@cdc.govToll-free telephone: (800) 356-4674iii

PREFACEThe NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards presents information taken from theNIOSH/OSHA Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards, from NationalInstitute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) criteria documents and CurrentIntelligence Bulletins, and from recognized references in the fields of industrial hygiene,occupational medicine, toxicology, and analytical chemistry. The information is presentedin tabular form to provide a quick, convenient source of information on general industrialhygiene practices. The information in the Pocket Guide includes chemical structures orformulas, identification codes, synonyms, exposure limits, chemical and physicalproperties, incompatibilities and reactivities, measurement methods, respirator selections,signs and symptoms of exposure, and procedures for emergency treatment.The information assembled in the original 1978 printing of the Pocket Guide was the resultof the Standards Completion Program, a joint effort by NIOSH and the Department ofLabor to develop supplemental requirements for the approximately 380 workplaceenvironmental exposure standards adopted by the Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration (OSHA) in 1971.Listed below are changes that were made for this edition (2005-149) of the Pocket Guide: New layout for the Chemical Listing section. Recommendations for particulate respirators have been revised to incorporate“Part 84” terminology. See “Recommendations for Respirator Selection” on pagexiv for a more thorough explanation of these changes. The Synonym and Trade Name Index has been expanded. This index is nowcalled the Chemical, Synonym, and Trade Name Index (page 383). Some ID and Guide Numbers were changed to reflect changes made in the 2004Emergency Response Guidebook (http://hazmat.dot.gov/pubs/erg/gydebook.htm). Appendix E (page 351) has been revised. It now contains OSHA respiratorrequirements for 28 chemicals or hazardous substances that were identified in thepreamble to the OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134). Other minor technical changes have also been made since the February 2004edition. (For the most current information and updates, consult the electronicversion on the NIOSH Web site: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npg.html.)Listed below are changes made for the 3rd printing of this edition of the Pocket Guide: Changes were made to reflect the new OSHA PEL for hexavalent chromium. The NIOSH REL for coal mine dust was added to the coal dust entry. A few other minor technical changes have been made.iv

CONTENTSPreface .ivAcknowledgments .viIntroduction .viiNIOSH Recommendations .viiHow to Use This Pocket Guide .viiiTable 1 – NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods .xviiTable 2 – Personal Protection and Sanitation Codes .xviiiTable 3 – Symbols, Code Components, and Codes Used for Respirator Selection .xxTable 4 – Selection of N-, R-, or P-Series Particulate Respirators .xxvTable 5 – Abbreviations for Exposure Routes, Symptoms, and Target Organs .xxviTable 6 – Codes for First Aid Data . xxviiiChemical Listing .1Appendices .341Appendix A – NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens .342Appendix B – Thirteen OSHA-Regulated Carcinogens .344Appendix C – Supplementary Exposure Limits .345Appendix D – Substances with No Established RELs .350Appendix E – OSHA Respirator Requirements for Selected Chemicals .351Appendix F – Miscellaneous Notes .361Appendix G – Vacated 1989 OSHA PELs .362Indices .373CAS Number Index .374DOT ID Number Index .379Chemical, Synonym, and Trade Name Index .383v

ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe Education and Information Division (EID), National Institute for OccupationalSafety and Health (NIOSH), has primary responsibility for the development of the PocketGuide. There have been many people who have contributed to the preparation anddevelopment of this document since it was first published in 1978. I would like to expressmy appreciation to the following people within EID for their efforts: Vern Anderson forgeneral guidance; Guss Hasbani (Constella Group, Inc.) for computer programming anddatabase development that has been vital to the production of this new edition;Heinz Ahlers, Barb Dames, Charles Geraci, Richard Niemeier, David Votaw,Alan Weinrich, and Ralph Zumwalde for policy review; David Case, Laura Delaney, andRolland Rogers for reformatting and computerization; Vanessa Becks, Anne Hamilton, andRodger Tatken for editorial review; Clayton Doak, Eileen Kuempel, Leela Murthy, HenrykaNagy, John Palassis, Faye Rice, and David Votaw for assistance in updating and addinginformation; Lawrence Foster, Vicki Reuss, Lucy Schoolfield, and Ronald Schuler for dataacquisition; Kent Hatfield for consultation on toxicology issues; Charlene Maloney forpublication dissemination and general guidance; and Oliver F. Cobb and Associates (CarlaBrooks, George Brown, Sherri Diana, and Jesse Romans) for answering requests andmailing thousands of copies of the Pocket Guide.The following people, who constitute the Pocket Guide Editorial Board, havecontributed greatly by providing guidance and review of the content and style of thisnew edition: Steven Ahrenholz (Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and FieldStudies, DSHEFS), Roland BerryAnn (National Personal Protective TechnologyLaboratory, NPPTL), Joseph Bowman (Division of Applied Research and Technology,DART), Pamela Drake (Spokane Research Laboratory, SRL), Gerald Joy (PittsburghResearch Laboratory, PRL), Alan Lunsford (DART), Nancy Nilsen (DSHEFS),Paula Fey O’Connor (DART), Carl Ornot (Office of Administrative and ManagementServices, OAMS), Jay Snyder (NPPTL), Sidney Soderholm (Health Effects LaboratoryDivision, HELD), David Sylvain (DSHEFS), Ainsley Weston (HELD), andAnthony Zimmer (DART).In addition, the following people also have contributed greatly to the Pocket Guide:Mary Ellen Cassinelli (DART), Donald Dollberg (DART), and Paula Fey O’Connor(DART) for the development of the measurement methods section; Roland BerryAnn(NPPTL), Nancy Bollinger (HELD), Christopher Coffey (Division of Respiratory DiseaseStudies, DRDS) for the development of respirator recommendations; Laurence Reed(DART) and John Whalen (DART) for policy review; Crystal Ellison (Office ofCompensation Analysis and Support, OCAS) for assistance in updating and addinginformation; and Henry Chan and Howard Ludwig (former Pocket Guide Technical Editors)for general guidance.Also, thanks are due to all of the people who have reviewed and commented on thePocket Guide during its initial development and subsequent revisions.Michael E. Barsan(Technical Editor)vi

INTRODUCTIONThe NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards provides a concise source of generalindustrial hygiene information for workers, employers, and occupational healthprofessionals. The Pocket Guide presents key information and data in abbreviated tabularform for 677 chemicals or substance groupings commonly found in the work environment(e.g., manganese compounds, tellurium compounds, inorganic tin compounds, etc.). Theindustrial hygiene information found in the Pocket Guide assists users to recognize andcontrol occupational chemical hazards. The chemicals or substances contained in thisrevision include all substances for which the National Institute for Occupational Safety andHealth (NIOSH) has recommended exposure limits (RELs) and those with permissibleexposure limits (PELs) as found in the Occupational Safety and Health Administration(OSHA) Occupational Safety and Health Standards (29 CFR 1910.1000 – 1052).BackgroundIn 1974, NIOSH (which is responsible for recommending health and safety standards)joined OSHA (whose jurisdictions include promulgation and enforcement activities) indeveloping a series of occupational health standards for substances with existing PELs.This joint effort was labeled the Standards Completion Program and involved thecooperative efforts of several contractors and personnel from various divisions withinNIOSH and OSHA. The Standards Completion Program developed 380 substance-specificdraft standards with supporting documentation that contained technical information andrecommendations needed for the promulgation of new occupational health regulations. ThePocket Guide was developed to make the technical information in those draft standardsmore conveniently available to workers, employers, and occupational health professionals.The Pocket Guide is updated periodically to reflect new data regarding the toxicity ofvarious substances and any changes in exposure standards or recommendations. (For themost current information and updates, consult the electronic version on the NIOSH Website: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npg.html.)Data Collection and ApplicationThe data collected for this revision were derived from a variety of sources, includingNIOSH policy documents such as Criteria Documents and Current Intelligence Bulletins(CIBs), and recognized references in the fields of industrial hygiene, occupational medicine,toxicology, and analytical chemistry.NIOSH RECOMMENDATIONSActing under the authority of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 USCChapter 15) and the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (30 USC Chapter 22),NIOSH develops and periodically revises recommended exposure limits (RELs) forhazardous substances or conditions in the workplace. NIOSH also recommends appropriatepreventive measures to reduce or eliminate the adverse health and safety effects of thesevii

hazards. To formulate these recommendations, NIOSH evaluates all known and availablemedical, biological, engineering, chemical, trade, and other information relevant to thehazard. These recommendations are then published and transmitted to OSHA and the MineSafety and Health Administration (MSHA) for use in promulgating legal standards.NIOSH recommendations are published in a variety of documents. Criteria documentsrecommend workplace exposure limits and appropriate preventive measures to reduce oreliminate adverse health effects and accidental injuries.Current Intelligence Bulletins (CIBs) are issued to disseminate new scientific informationabout occupational hazards. A CIB may draw attention to a formerly unrecognized hazard,report new data on a known hazard, or present information on hazard control.Alerts, Special Hazard Reviews, Occupational Hazard Assessments, and TechnicalGuidelines support and complement the other standard development activities of theInstitute. Their purpose is to assess the safety and health problems associated with a givenagent or hazard (e.g., the potential for injury or for carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogeniceffects) and to recommend appropriate control and surveillance methods. Although thesedocuments are not intended to supplant the more comprehensive criteria documents, theyare prepared in order to assist OSHA and MSHA in the formulation of regulations.In addition to these publications, NIOSH periodically presents testimony before variousCongressional committees and at OSHA and MSHA rulemaking hearings.Recommendations made through 1992 are available in a single compendium entitledNIOSH Recommendations for Occupational Safety and Health: Compendium of PolicyDocuments and Statements [DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 92-100](http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/92-100.html). More recent recommendations are available onthe NIOSH Web site (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh). Copies of the Compendium may beordered from the NIOSH Publications office (800-356-4674).HOW TO USE THIS POCKET GUIDEThe Pocket Guide has been designed to provide chemical-specific data to supplementgeneral industrial hygiene knowledge. Individual tables for each chemical present this datain the Chemical Listing section (page 1). To maximize the amount of data provided in thelimited space in these tables, abbreviations and codes have been used extensively. Theseabbreviations and codes, which have been designed to permit rapid comprehension by theregular user, are discussed for each field in these chemical tables in the followingsubsections.Chemical NameThe chemical name found in the OSHA General Industry Air Contaminants Standard (29CFR 1910.1000) is listed in the blue box in the top left portion of each chemical table. Thisname is referred to as the “primary name” in the Chemical, Synonym, and Trade NameIndex (page 383).viii

Structure/FormulaThe chemical structure or formula is listed in the field to the right of the chemical name ineach chemical table. Carbon-carbon double bonds (-C C-) and carbon-carbon triple bonds(-C C-) have been indicated where applicable.CAS NumberThis section lists the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry number. The CASnumber, in the format xxx-xx-x, is unique for each chemical and allows efficient searchingon computerized data bases. A page index for all CAS registry numbers listed is includedat the back of the Pocket Guide (page 374) to help the user locate a specific substance.RTECS NumberThis section lists the NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS )number, in the format ABxxxxxxx. RTECS may be useful for obtaining additionaltoxicologic information on a specific substance.RTECS is a compendium of data extracted from the open scientific literature. OnDecember 18, 2001, CDC’s Technology Transfer Office, on behalf of NIOSH, successfullycompleted negotiating a “PHS Trademark Licensing Agreement” for RTECS . This nonexclusive licensing agreement provides for the transfer and continued development of the“RTECS database and its trademark” to MDL Information Systems, Inc. (MDL), a whollyowned subsidiary of Elsevier Science, Inc. Under this agreement, MDL will be responsiblefor updating, licensing, marketing, and distributing RTECS . For more information visitthe MDL Web site (http://www.mdli.com).The RTECS entries for chemicals listed in the Pocket Guide can be viewed on the NIOSHWeb site (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npg.html) or on the CD-ROM version of thePocket Guide (see page iii for ordering information).IDLHThis section lists the immediately dangerous to life or health concentrations (IDLHs). Forthe June 1994 Edition of the Pocket Guide, NIOSH reviewed and in many cases revised theIDLH values. The criteria utilized to determine the adequacy of the original IDLH valueswere a combination of those used during the Standards Completion Program and a newermethodology developed by NIOSH. These “interim” criteria formed a tiered approach,preferentially using acute human toxicity data, followed by acute animal inhalation toxicitydata, and then by acute animal oral toxicity data to determine a preliminary updated IDLHvalue. When relevant acute toxicity data were insufficient or unavailable, NIOSH alsoconsidered using chronic toxicity data or an analogy to a chemically similar substance.NIOSH then compared these preliminary values with the following criteria to determine theupdated IDLH value: 10% of lower explosive limit (LEL); acute animal respiratoryirritation data (RD50);

occupational medicine, toxicology, and analytical chemistry. The information is presented in tabular form to provide a quick, convenient source of information on general industrial hygiene practices. The information in the Pocket Guide includes chemical structures or formulas, identificatio

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