GAO Agile Assessment Guide - Dhs.gov

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GAO AgileAssessmentGuideSeptember 2020Juaná S. Collymore PMP, PSP, CCEAAnna Irvine, CCEASlide 1

Outline About GAO GAO Best Practice Guides (Overview) Agile Guide– Agile Adoption– Agile Execution Requirements Development and Management Contracting– Agile and Program Monitoring and Control Cost Schedule Earned Value Management– Agile Metrics– Recent Case StudySlide 2

GAO’s Place in the Federal GovernmentLEGISLATIVE BRANCHHouseSenateGAOConstitutionLibrary of CongressArchitect of the CapitolCapitol PoliceGovernment Printing OfficeCongressional Research ServiceLibrary of CongressCongressional Budget OfficeOffice of ComplianceEXECUTIVE BRANCHAgricultureCommerceInteriorJUDICIAL BRANCHThe PresidentThe Vice PresidentExecutive Office of the PresidentOffice of Management and BudgetDefenseJusticeSupreme Court of theUnited StatesEducationLaborEnergyStateHealth andHuman ing andUrban Dev.VeteransAffairsIndependent Establishments and Government CorporationsSlide 3

About GAO GAO is an independent,nonpartisan agency serving theCongress and helping to improvethe performance and ensure theaccountability of the federalgovernment. Core values are Accountability,Integrity, and Reliability. To ensure independence, theComptroller General (CG) isappointed to a 15-year term by thePresident. Other than the CG,there are no political appointees atGAO.Oversight, Insight, ForesightSlide 4

About GAO: Our Work GAO work is primarily done at the request of congressional committees orsubcommittees or is mandated by public laws or committee reports. Wealso undertake research under the authority of the Comptroller GeneralSome examples of our work include:– Auditing agency operations to determine whether federal funds are being spentefficiently and effectively– Investigating allegations of illegal and improper activities– Reporting on how well government programs and policies are meeting theirobjectives– Performing policy analyses and outlining options for congressional consideration– Issuing legal decision and opinions, such as bid protest rulings and reports onagency rules In 2018, Congress directed the formation of STAA, recognizing that theaccelerating pace of innovation has created a need for more and deeperanalysis of science and technologyMore information about GAO can be found at www.gao.govSlide 5

GAO Best Practice Guides(Overview)Slide 6

GAO Guides and Best Practices Cost Estimating andAssessment Guide (March2020, GAO-20-195G) Schedule AssessmentGuide (December 2015, GAO-1689G) Technology ReadinessAssessment (TRA) Guide(January 2020, GAO-20-48G) Agile Assessment Guide(Planned release FY2020, GAO-20590G)Slide 7

GAO Agile Assessment Guide(Exposure Draft)Slide 8

GAO Agile Assessment Guide: Exposure Draft What is an “exposure draft”?– An initial product, published with a 1-year opencomment period, providing an opportunity for anyoneto comment on the guide’s contents– After the comment period is over, GAO reviews thecomments received and updates the guide based onthose inputs and additional insight we have fromaudits– Quantity of comments often dictates how long it takesto update the exposure draftSlide 9

GAO Agile Assessment Guide: Contents Chapter 1 – Background Chapter 2 – Agile Adoption Challenges and Responses in theFederal Government Chapter 3 – Agile Adoption Best Practices Chapter 4 – Agile Execution and Controls Chapter 5 – Requirements Development and Management in Agile Chapter 6 – Agile and the Federal Contracting Process Chapter 7 – Agile and Program Monitoring and Control Chapter 8 – Agile Metrics AppendicesAgile Assessment Guide exposure draft expected out on the GAO webpage:September 2020Slide 10

Agile Adoption Nine best practices divided into threecategories– Team Dynamics– Program Operations– Organization Environment Presented in Chapter 3 of the GuideAgile Adoption: Best Practices related to transitioning to anAgile software development frameworkSlide 11

Agile AdoptionSlide 12

Agile Execution Best practices presented for the following– Requirements development and management Eight best practices Presented in Chapter 5 of the guide– Contracting for Agile programs Three best practices Presented in Chapter 6 of the guideAgile Execution: Best practices related to executing an AgileprogramSlide 13

Requirements ManagementSlide 14

Agile ContractingSlide 15

Agile and Program Monitoring and Control Relates best practices for cost, schedule, andEarned Value Management presented inprevious GAO best practice guides for Agilesoftware development programs All best practices established in previous guidesstill apply to Agile programs The guide discusses considerations for eachtopic related to AgileAgile Program Monitoring and Control: best practices related toprogram managementSlide 16

Agile Metrics Six best practices are presented inChapter 8 of the guideAgile Metrics: best practices for developing and using metricsfor an Agile programSlide 17

Agile MetricsSlide 18

Recent Case StudySlide 19

GAO Report: AGILE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT GAO-20-213CASE STUDY: DHS HAS MADESIGNIFICANT PROGRESS INIMPLEMENTING LEADINGPRACTICES, BUT NEEDS TO TAKEADDITIONAL ACTIONSSlide 20

Case StudyAGILE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT GAO-20-213 Many of DHS’s major IT acquisition programs have taken longerthan expected to develop or failed to deliver the desired value. In April 2016, to help improve the department’s IT acquisitionand management, DHS identified Agile software development asthe preferred approach for all of its IT programs and projects. Objective:– 1) examine DHS’s adoption of Agile software development toassess the extent to which DHS has addressed selected leadingpractices for its transition to the use of Agile software developmentSlide 21

Case StudyAGILE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT GAO-20-213 GAO analyzed DHS documentation, such as policies, guidance, plans, and working groupartifacts and assessed them against the selected leading practices. GAO made 10 recommendations to DHS to implement selected leading practices for itstransition to Agile software developmentSlide 22

Case StudyAGILE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT GAO-20-213Recommendation Agile Assessment Best PracticeRecommendation 5Ensure that the CIO, in collaboration with the Chief Procurement Officer, through the Homeland Security Acquisition Institute,establish Agile training requirements for senior stakeholdersRecommendation 6Ensure that the Chief Human Capital Officer, in collaboration with the CIO, consider modifications to the current employeerecognition and performance management governance to ensure that teamwork and team performance of Agile programs andprojects are incentivizedRecommendation 7Ensure that the CIO, in collaboration with the Chief Procurement Officer, through the Homeland Security Acquisition Institute,establish Agile training requirements for staff outside of the acquisition workforce but assigned to Agile programsRecommendation 8Ensure that the CIO, upon establishing a set of core performance metrics, tracks and monitors the pace of Agile teamdevelopmentRecommendation 9Ensure that the CIO, in collaboration with the Executive Director of the Office of Program Accountability and Risk Management(PARM), update or develop new guidance on Agile methodologies to describe how Agile teams can estimate the relativecomplexity of user storiesRecommendation 10Ensure that the CIO, upon establishing a set of core performance metrics, sets expectations for automated testing and codequality, and tracks and monitors against those expectationsNote: GAO found that the agency offers guidance, not policies,which afford its programs to dictate the practices they do anddo not want to employ.Slide 23

Thank youGuides Available Online and Downloadable in PDF:GAO Cost Estimating and Assessment Guide:http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-20-195GGAO Schedule Assessment Guide:http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-12-120GGAO Technology Readiness Assessment Guide:http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-20-48GGAO Agile Assessment Guide lide 24

GAO STAA Cost Engineering SciencesJennifer Leotta, Assistant Director, leottaj@gao.govGAO ITC TeamMichael Holland, Assistant Director, hollandm@gao.govGAO on the WebWeb site: http://www.gao.gov/CopyrightThis is a work of the U.S. government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States. Thepublished product may be reproduced and distributed in its entirety without further permission from GAO.However, because this work may contain copyrighted images or other material, permission from thecopyright holder may be necessary if you wish to reproduce this material separately.Slide 25

Backup slidesSlide 26

GAO Agile Assessment Guide: Best Practices Best practices for Agileadoption, execution, andprogram control andmonitoring are included in theexposure draft– Chapter 3: Agile Adoption bestpractices– Chapter 5: Requirements bestpractices– Chapter 6: Contracting bestpractices– Chapter 7: Tailoring programcontrol and monitoring bestpractices from previous GAOguide (cost, schedule, earnedvalue management)– Chapter 8: Metrics bestpracticesSlide 27

Appendices Agile Key Terms (Glossary) Agile Related Terms (Rosetta Stone) Questions for Auditors and Managers andEffects of not following best practices Agile Frameworks Debunking Agile Myths Case Study DescriptionsSlide 28

Anna Irvine, CCEA . Slide 2 About GAO GAO Best Practice Guides (Overview) Agile Guide –Agile Adoption . (PARM), update or develop new guidance on Agile methodologies to describe how Agile teams can estimate the relative complexity of user stories Recommendation 10 Ensure that

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