Jeovanny A. Marticion - ZNNHS
112GOVERNMENT PROPERTYNOT FOR SALEPractical Research 2First Quarter – Module 1: Week 1Nature of Quantitative ResearchJeovanny A. MarticionSUPPORT MATERIAL FOR INDEPENDENT LEARNING ENGAGEMENT (SMILE)A Joint Project of theSCHOOLS DIVISION OF DIPOLOG CITYand theDIPOLOG CITY GOVERNMENT
2PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2 - Grade 12Alternative Delivery ModeQuarter 1 – Module 1: Nature of Quantitative ResearchFirst Edition, 2020Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work ofthe Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or officewherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Suchagency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Everyeffort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from theirrespective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownershipover them.Published by the Department of EducationSecretary: Leonor Magtolis BrionesUndersecretary: Diosdado M. San AntonioDevelopment Team of the ModuleWriters:Jeovanny A. MarticionEditors:Reviewers:Zhyrine P. MayormitaIllustrator:Layout Artist:Management Team: Virgilio P. BatanJay S. Montealto-Schools Division Superintendent-Asst. Schools Division SuperintendentAmelinda D. Montero -Chief Education Supervisor, CIDNur N. Hussien-Chief Education Supervisor, SGODRonillo S. Yarag-Education Program Supervisor, LRMSLeo Martinno O. Alejo -Project Development Officer II, LRMSPrinted in the Philippines byDepartment of Education –Region IXOffice Address:Telefax:E-mail Address:
3What I Need to KnowThis module will help you understand the nature of quantitative research.This will answer your preliminary questions i.e. how do we gather data through thisapproach, it is this similar or different with qualitative research you took in Grade11, how do we deal respondents, what kind of data are we dealing with and how dowe analyze the gathered data. In learning the nature of this approach, it will alsohelp you understand its role in our society and how it has become the commonlyused approach in research undertakings. The module includes a samplequantitative research conducted by student researchers. This will give you aglimpse of arrangement of its components, gathering and analysis of data, and howkey findings are presented. Furthermore, the module aligns with your field ofinterest.Learning Competency: Describes characteristics, strengths, weaknessand kinds of quantitative research CS RS12-Ia-c-1After going through this module, you are expected to:1. Describe the characteristics of quantitative research;2. Identify strengths and weaknesses of quantitative research;3. Compare qualitative and quantitative research through reading researchabstracts; and4. Appreciate the role of quantitative research in your chosen career path.
4What I KnowChoose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet ofpaper.1. A systematic process of collecting and logically analyzing information for ervation2. A research study that uses numbers in stating generalizations about a givenproblem or inquiry.a.qualitative researchc.experimental researchb.quantitative researchd.Statistics3. After a thorough study, it is considered as a basis about a certain ts4. A structured approach is composed of the following, EXCEPT:a.predetermined variablesb.designc.hypothesisd.title5. In gathering and analysis of data for Quantitative Research it involves the use ofthis uter-based6. A larger population yields, what type of data?a.significantb.reliablec.correctd.quality7. Which statement is NOT a strength of Quantitative Research?a. this type of research is the most reliable and valid way of concluding resultsb. it allows researcher to insufficiently control the situationc. it produces real and unbiased results since it filters out external factorsd. it is useful for testing the results gained by series of qualitative experiments8. Among the following statements, which is a weakness of a QuantitativeResearch?a. Limited to the views of the respondentsb. Biased due to the researchers perspectivec. Costly, difficult and time-consumingd. Provides certainty on its results9.Which of the following is true about the role of researchers in a quantitativeapproach?a.observer b.participant c.participant and observer d.participant or an observer10.Which of the following justifies the absence of in-depth analysis in quantitativeresearch?a.The absence of qualitative connection between researcher and respondentsb.Participant’s unwillingness to answer the survey formsc.Statistical tools are usually straightforward when it explainsd.Numerical responses are self-explainable
5Lesson1Nature of QuantitativeResearchWhat’s InThe use of quantitative research has greatly influenced the society in variousfields. It has brought the humanity into greater heights of relevant discoveries ofexplaining natural phenomena, describing population and innovating products. Ithelped scientists, field experts and organizations in providing solutions to certainproblems in our community. Throughout time, it has become the backbone of theworld’s activities in business, industry, health, human affairs, infrastructure, spaceexploration etc. Previously, you have acquired basic concepts of qualitativeresearch and, probably, engaged in understanding social issues through qualitativemethods. This time, you will be introduced to quantitative research.What’s NewAt the beginning of COVID19 pandemic in the Philippines, thescientists from University of thePhilippines became an activepartnerinprovidingrecommendations to the InterAgency Task Force, the core agencyassigned in managing the healthemergency crisis in the Philippines,based on their predictions andSource: eamresearch. The quarantine measuresimplemented by the LGUs were always based from the policy reports of theresearch team. Last June 11, 2020, they have predicted the cases in thePhilippines to reach 40, 000. Surprisingly, the cases tallied by the Department ofHealth as of June 30, 2020 was estimated at 37, 000. This was very close to thepredictions they have made.For the next months, how will reliance to research community help nationaland local government units in responding to emergency issues?
6What is ItQuantitative research uses numbers in stating generalizations about a givenproblem or inquiry in contrast to qualitative research. The involvement of scientificmethods in gathering data and analyzing them to produce generalization is neededwith this approach. Therefore, any interaction established with a certain group ofpeople can be generalized (May & Williams, 1998). One of the benefits we could getfrom this approach is the replicability. The hypothesis testing allows any researcherto follow the guidelines and objectives of the research (Lichtman, 2013). Controlgroups allow researchers to assign participants in sub-groups and control theirinterventions (Johnson and Christensen, 2012).The structured style is built with identified variables, design and hypotheses(Denscombe, 1998; Bryman, 2012; Creswell, 2009; Christensen and Johnson,2012). Researcher should follow the certain order – formulate research questions,construct hypothesis, conduct literature review, data collection, analysis of dataand summarize the results (Litchman, 2006; Creswell, 2009). The objective scalesof measurements of the units of analysis are called variables where it determinessignificant differences and relationships between variables. Results become thebasis about a certain phenomena. Data gathered either support or reject what isalready known or, in this case, the paradigm. Since, you are testing the hypothesis;you should look for cause and effect relationships. This will help you in predictingand generalizing findings for a larger group. In order to verify findings, quantitativeresearch can be conducted again in another setting. It should also be noted thatthe central focus of the method emphasizes proof rather than discovery.Furthermore, research work is said to be good when a researcher reads, considersand uses ethically the works of other researcher (Gorard, 2001). When largepopulation is used, it yields more reliable data. However, random sampling must bestrictly followed. In terms of concluding results, quantitative research is the mostreliable and valid. For instance, when we are dealing with bigger population,generalizing results becomes valid and reliable. External factors which contributeto real and unbiased results are filtered by mechanisms and procedures. Most ofoutput-based research i.e. investigatory projects or experimental research involvesseries of quantitative experiments. This leads the researcher towards final answer.However, the nature of the research detaches the researchers from theirparticipants. They stand as an observer. It would be irrelevant to conduct in-depthanalysis. This separation leads them to a shallow understanding of the group orindividuals involved in the study (Brown and Shank, 2007; Berg, 2007; Johnsonand Christensen, 2012). It limits the appreciation of life, mind and opinions of theinvolved participants (Berg and Howard, 2012). Any contributions i.e. opinion fromthe respondents are ignored due to epistemological and ontological orientationwhere it controls the human behavior (Cohen, 2011). On the other hand,conducting quantitative research is costly, difficult and consumes a lot of time. Italso needs extensive statistical treatment. Findings may also leave grey areas oruncertainty.
7What’s MoreQuantitative vs. Qualitative ResearchBased on your experience in Practical Research 1 and from the previousreading, compare and contrast the following abstracts. Write your answers on theprovide activity sheet.Qualitative ResearchTolentino, K. (2019). ‘Look What You Made Me Do’: A Study on theIndividualized Fan Culture of Filipino Taylor Swift Fans, UnpublishedUndergraduate Thesis, University of the Philippines DilimanThe investigation recognizes the intensity of media and its commitment to theadvancement of a person. This incorporates how fans don't rehearse fan culturejust as a type of diversion, but instead permitting an outside power to make aneffect in their lives. Specifically, this examination shows how a universal craftsman,Taylor Swift, had the option to connect with our nation, adding to the unmistakablefan culture in the Philippines. In a few top to bottom meetings with Filipino TaylorSwift fans, the examination uncovers how the hole between unfamiliar media andfans are crossed over through the association shaped through media utilization.Considering this, the exploration saw the individual existences of individualFilipino Taylor Swift fans as they had the option to create confidence, character,and strengthening, through the ceaseless utilization of Taylor Swift's substance.Keywords: fan culture, identity, music, self-esteem and Taylor ------Quantitative ResearchLim, J. S., Alonso, D. E., Dingal, M. J. L., and Sandueta, R. (2019). Anger,Impulsivity and Anxiety from Academic Stress as Suicidal Risk Predictors,Unpublished Research Journal. Science, Technology, Engineering andMathematics. Zamboanga del Norte National High SchoolThe study aims to assess anger, impulsivity and anxiety from academic stress assuicidal risk predictors in Senior High School students. Researchers employedcorrelational (prediction studies) design with a sample size of 274 respondents. The4-point Likert scale questionnaires adapted were State-Trait Anger ExpressionInventory- 2 (STAXI-2), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and Beck AnxietyInventory (BAI) in measuring the level of anger, impulsivity and anxiety fromacademic stress. Using 7-point Likertscale, Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ)was also used to measure the level of suicidal risk.Higher level of anxiety (x ̅ 2.64) and anger (x ̅ 2.54) was found among therespondents. Impulsivity was found to be low (x ̅ 2.25). Results revealed that bothanger (r 0.297) and anxiety (r 0.296) has weak correlation to suicidal whileimpulsivity shows a very weak correlation (r 0.196). Although significantrelationship was found between anger, impulsivity and anxiety from academicstress and suicidal risk, respondents are unlikely to commit suicide as shown byits mean (x ̅ 2.46). Ultimately, it can be concluded that both anger and anxiety canbe predictors of suicidal risk. The researchers recommend that people playing vitalroles in the lives of students be active in implementing ways to help them controltheir emotions.Keywords: anger, impulsivity, anxiety, academic stress, suicidal risk predictors
8What I Have LearnedFill in the blanks. Write your answers on the provide activity sheet.Quantitative research deals with (1) data. The (3) or (4) . The findings can be (5)into certain population due to its nature. Data is collectedthrough (6) . The analysis of data is conducted through theuse of (7) .What I Can DoCreate a concept map on quantitative research. Write your answers on the provideactivity sheet.QuantitativeResearchAssessmentMultiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on aseparate sheet of paper.1. The involvement of scientific methods in gathering data and analyzing them toproduce generalization is needed with this approach.a.Quantitative Researchc.Qualitative Researchb.Experimental Researchd.Descriptive Research2. Which of the following is a strength of Quantitative Research?a.Control groups allow researchers to assign participants in sub-groups andcontrol their interventionsb.The hypothesis testing provides confusion to the study due to the varyingcircumstancesc.The approach used is undeterminedd.Any interaction established within a certain group of people cannot begeneralized
93. In a Quantative Research, what process should be followed by the researcher?a. construct hypothesis, formulate research questions, conduct literature review,analysis of data,data collection, and summarize the resultsb. formulate research questions, construct hypothesis, conduct literature review,data collection, analysis of data and summarize the resultsc. conduct literature review, construct hypothesis, formulate research questions,analysis of data, data collection, and summarize the resultsd. formulate research questions, construct hypothesis, conduct literature review,data collection, and analysis of data4. The central focus of this quantitative method is ona.using ethically the works of other researcher c.yielding a reliable and valid resultb.emphasis on proof rather than discoveryd.dealing with a larger population5. All are weaknesses of a Quantitative Research, EXCEPT:a. Any interaction established with a certain group of people can be generalized.b. Separation of researchers and respondents leads to a shallow understanding ofthe group or individuals involved in the studyc. It limits the appreciation of life, mind and opinions of the involved participantsd. Conducting quantitative research is costly, difficult and consumes a lot of time.6. One of the following is NOT predetermined in a structured approach.a.variablesb.designc.hypothesesd.title7. The results of a quantitative research study becomesa.answers to statistical problemsc.the support for the rejection of a proposalb.the basis about a certain phenomena d.prediction of the forfeituous events8. Which statement holds true about a Quantitative Research?a. One of the drawbackss we could get from this approach is the replicability.b. The nature of the research connects the researchers from their participants.c. It can be conducted again in another setting.d. Smaller population is dealt with in the conduct of the study.9. Researchers in a Quantitative Research are expected to:a.stand as an observer onlyc.extends life appreciation of participantsb.subjective to the respondentsd.accept opinions from the respondents10. What are the charateristics of a quantitative research?I. It deals with a bigger population.II. Hypothesis testing is highly discouraged.III. It uses numbers in stating generalizations about a given problem or inquiry.a. I and IIb. I and IIIc. II and IIId. I, II and IIIAdditional ActivitiesRead the sample research journal. The journal will be the references for most of theactivities in your learning modules. You may keep this as one of your futureresources for this subject.
10ANGER, IMPULSIVITY AND ANXIETY FROM ACADEMIC STRESS AS SUICIDAL RISKPREDICTORSDoris Easter V. Alonso, Mark Jay Louise I. Dingal, Jelena Shelby A. Lim, Richardson Y. SanduetaScience, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Senior High School, Zamboanga del Norte National High SchoolAbstractThe study aims to assess anger, impulsivity and anxiety from academic stress assuicidal risk predictors in Senior High School students and employed correlational (predictionstudies) design. A sample size of 274 respondents were utilized and the data gathered wasanalyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson product- moment correlation and multiplelinear regression analysis. The researchers adapted the State- Trait Anger ExpressionInventory- 2 (STAXI-2), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)to measure the level of anger, impulsivity and anxiety from academic stress in a 4- pointLikert Scale. Furthermore, Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ) was also used to measure thelevel of suicidal risk in a 7- point Likert scale. Results revealed that both anger and anxietyhas weak correlation to suicidal risk (r 0.297, 0.296), while impulsivity shows a very weakcorrelation (r 0.196) Furthermore, significant relationship was found between anger,impulsivity and anxiety from academic stress and suicidal risk (p 0.000, 0.001, 0.000).Based on computed means, it can be concluded that SHS students high levels of anxiety andanger (𝑥̅ 2.64,̅𝑥 2.54) but low level of impulsivity (𝑥̅ 2.25). However, despite havinggenerally high levels of negative emotion/ behavior, SHS students are unlikely to commitsuicide (𝑥̅ 2.46). Ultimately, it can be concluded that both anger and anxiety can bepredictors of suicidal risk while impulsivity cannot. The researchers recommend that peopleplaying vital roles in the lives of students be active in implementing ways to help them mpulsivedecisions.IntroductionStudents experience different kinds of emotion in their everyday academic endeavorwhich lead to expression of various behaviors. An individual’s reaction to a certain event inhis/ her life gives rise for emotions. Dr. Martin Seligman says that people have the ability tocontrol their own emotions based on how they perceive or interpret their experiences however,there are instances where some children and adults fail to manage negative emotions and theyexpress these out through anger, impulsivity and anxiety leading to depression (Lawson, 2002).Alarmingly, in worst cases, depression can lead to suicide (World Health Organization, 2009).Every year, 800,000 people die due to suicide and for every suicide, there are even morepeople who attempt to do it. Suicide is the second leading cause to the death of 15-29 year oldindividuals and 79% of suicide occurs in low to mid income countr
and Christensen, 2012). It limits the appreciation of life, mind and opinions of the involved participants (Berg and Howard, 2012). Any contributions i.e. opinion from the respondents are ignored due to episte
akuntansi musyarakah (sak no 106) Ayat tentang Musyarakah (Q.S. 39; 29) لًََّز ãَ åِاَ óِ îَخظَْ ó Þَْ ë Þٍجُزَِ ß ا äًَّ àَط لًَّجُرَ íَ åَ îظُِ Ûاَش
Collectively make tawbah to Allāh S so that you may acquire falāḥ [of this world and the Hereafter]. (24:31) The one who repents also becomes the beloved of Allāh S, Âَْ Èِﺑاﻮَّﺘﻟاَّﺐُّ ßُِ çﻪَّٰﻠﻟانَّاِ Verily, Allāh S loves those who are most repenting. (2:22
Araling Panlipunan . ang ikalawang sangay ng heograpiya – ang heograpiyang pantao na tumutukoy sa pag-aaral ng wika, lahi, relihiyon, at pangkat-etnolingguwistiko sa iba’t ibang bahagi ng daigdig. Ang mga paksa na nakapaloob sa modyul na ito ay sistematikong inayos upang mas madaling maunawaan ang daloy ng iyong pag-aaral. May mga angkop na gawaing inihanda para sa iyo upang maging .
Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao – Ikapitong Baitang Alternative Delivery Mode Unang Markahan – Modyul 4: Talento Mo, Ating Tuklasin Unang Edisyon, 2020 Isinasaad sa Batas Republika 8293, Seksiyon 176 na: Hindi maaaring magkaroon ng karapatang-sipi sa anomang akda ang Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas. Gayonpaman, kailangan
4.Similar to linoleum but it is more durable and highly resistant to moisture. a. Rubber flooring c. Wood floors b. Pebble washout d. Vinyl 5.Floor surface texture developed through intense heat treated with sealer and very porous. a. Bush hammered c. Sawn b. Flamed d. Tumbled 6. Major consideration for successful flooring. a.
fractions, decimals, and percent in solving business problems. At the end of this module, you are expected to: a. Give real-life situations to illustrate fractions, decimals, and percent; b. Solve problems involving fractions, d
2 Entrepreneurship – Grade 12 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 - Module 1 First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: “No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. H
Annual Day. Since that year, we have raised money to subsidize our conference claims which support many missions of the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church. Among them are our institu- tions of higher learning: Lane College Miles College Paine College Phillips School of Theology Thank you for your continuous support! We are proud to be CME! Sister Patricia McKinney Lewis 17 Sis. Hattie Hicks .
