Documentation, ASMEFatigue Documentation V190
ASME FatigueANSYS Mechanical ApplicationDOCUMENTATIONExtension versionRelease dateCompatible ANSYS version190.108-Feb-1819.0www.edrmedeso.com
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Table of Contents1INTRODUCTION . 32PRODUCT RESTRICTIONS . 33GETTING STARTED . 43.13.23.34INSTALLATION . 4LOADING EXTENSION . 6UNINSTALLING . 6ASME FATIGUE APP . 84.1.14.1.24.1.34.1.45Background . 8Solution . 8Usage . 8Issues and Limitations . 11REFERENCES .12APPENDIX A. EXAMPLES.13APPENDIX B. IMPLEMENTATION .22APPENDIX C. GENERAL ISSUES AND LIMITATIONS.23-2-
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-181 IntroductionThis application has been created using ACT (ANSYS Customization Toolkit), which provides anAPI (Application Programming Interface) to several ANSYS Workbench modules, includingANSYS Mechanical, ANSYS DesignModeler and ANSYS DesignXplorer. With ACT, the GUI(Graphical User Interface) of ANSYS Mechanical can be extended with new buttons. Thesebuttons have customizable behaviour, which allows the developer to create new features, orre-use existing functionality that previously had to be included via APDL command objects. Afew of the advantages with ACT include: Consistent handling of unit systemsManage user inputsAccess to the Mechanical database as well as the ANSYS database and resultsUse Mechanicals graphics library for on-screen representationShield the user from APDL codeCreate installable binary files, protecting intellectual property2 Product RestrictionsThe ASME Fatigue app described in this document utilize functionality in ANSYS that may ormay not be available depending on the available ANSYS license level. The product restrictionsare summarized in Table 2-1.Table 2-1: Required ANSYS license level for the ASME Fatigue appANSYS license level (current)Product codeCompatibility [Y/N]DesignSpacecaewbpl3YMechanical Promech 1YMechanical Premiummech 2YMechanical EnterpriseansysYANSYS license level (legacy)Professional NLTprfYProfessional NLSprfnlsYStructuralstructY-3-
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-183 Getting Started3.1 InstallationTo install the extension, open ANSYS Workbench. On the project page, navigate to ACT StartPage Manage Extensions and press the ‘ ’ icon to install a new extension (see Figure 3-1).Figure 3-1: Navigating to the Manage Extensions page and installing a new extensionIn the browsing window that appears, select the binary extension file (.wbex file) downloadedfrom ANSYS app store (see Figure 3-2).Verify that the correct extension appears in the list in the Extension Manager by going toACT Start Page Manage Extensions. (see Figure 3-3).-4-
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Figure 3-2: Select the .wbex file downloaded from ANSYS app storeFigure 3-3 The newly installed extension should appear in the Extension Manager page-5-
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-183.2 Loading ExtensionTo use the extension in a project, simply click on the extension on the Extension Managerpage. The extension will highlight in green when properly loaded. Mechanical needs to beclosed before the loading is effective, so close Mechanical if this is open.Several extensions can be loaded into the same project. Once the project is saved with anextension, it will load automatically with the project, so this procedure only needs to be doneonce per project.Figure 3-4: Properly loaded extension on the Extension Manager pageTo unload the extension, open the Extension Manager page and click on the extension again.The extension is unloaded when the green highlighting disappears.3.3 UninstallingTo uninstall the extension, use the Extension Manager as described in section 3.1 and 0. Fromthe drop-down menu on the bottom right of the extension, select Uninstall.-6-
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Figure 3-5: Uninstalling an extension from the Extension Manager page-7-
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-184 ASME Fatigue app4.1.1 BackgroundThe fatigue calculation according to ASME 2017 Sec. VIII Div.2 Part 5. Chapter 5.5.3; Fatigueassessment – elastic stress analysis and equivalent stress can be done by hand, extractingstress results at nodes for each load case. However, in addition to be a time-consuming taskwith risk of errors, the node location of the maximum damage cannot be known before theactual fatigue damage calculation.4.1.2 SolutionThe Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) result object can be used as an efficient post-processing tool toplot the number of cycles to failure, or accumulated damage according to (1) ASME 2017 Sec.VIII Div.2 Part 5 Chapter 5.5.3, for a single, or a combination of, load cases.The fatigue curve data tables are implemented, and the fatigue curve is directly built using thematerial properties of the selected bodies.4.1.3 UsageThe Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) result object can be applied in any Static Structural or TransientStructural analysis. The properties must be selected or entered regarding how to the resultsshould be calculated. All properties are defined in Table 4-1. The result can be scoped to anytype of geometry, but not to mesh entities (directly or through named selections).The user can select to plot the Accumulated Damage, Cycles to Failure and log10 Cycles toFailure, calculated as described in Appendix B. If the geometry contains shell elements, theselected shell location will be used as a uniform contour through the thickness.The fatigue curve can be the same for all bodies of the geometry selection or body dependentby selecting No for Same Curve for All Bodies. In the case of body dependent fatigue curve,the Fatigue Curve Table must be filled in. It is not possible to select No if the geometryselection contains a single body.The result can be calculated for a single, or a combination of, load cases by selecting Yes or Nofor Load Case Combination. In case of a load case combination, the Load Case Table will haveto be filled in. See Appendix C if the table does not pop up. A load case is defined as a rangefrom one load step to another load step in the same analysis. Any analysis sharing the Modelcell in Workbench can be used as a load case, but only solved analyses are valid.Start Step and End Step, specified by the user, defines one load cycle, or stress range. A stressrange is the two extremes of a cycle and the stress amplitude is one half of the stress range.Thus, the simulation must include a full load cycle. Note that the time for a chosen step is theend step time. Step 0 is used to define the initial time 0.An example of property set and result is shown in Figure 4-1.-8-
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18The fatigue curves used for the calculations are saved in the solver files directory if Yes isselected for Save Fatigue Curve, see Appendix B. It is recommended always to check if thefatigue curve has been calculated as expected.Figure 4-1: Details and graphic view of a Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) result object.-9-
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Table 4-1: Summary of properties of the Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) result object (grey cells areread-only properties).ScopeGeometryResult geometry scope, can be edges, vertices, faces or bodiesShellSpecify whether Top, Bottom or Middle results are displayed for shell bodies.This option should be ignored if only solid bodies are selected.DefinitionResultSpecify whether Damage, Cycles To Failure or Logarithm Of Cycles To FailureTo Base 10 should be displayedLoad Case CombinationSpecify whether this is a single load case, or a combination of load cases.Any analysis sharing the Model cell in Workbench can be used as a load case,but only solved analyses are valid.TemperatureTemperature at which the Young’s Modulus is extracted or interpolated fortemperature dependent Young’s ModulusStart StepEnd StepSpecify the start and end step defining one cycle. The stress componentrange will be calculated as the stress at end step minus stress at start step.The end time of the step is used. Step 0 corresponds to time step 0Number Of CyclesNumber of cycles to calculate the damageK f, Fatigue StrengthReduction FactorSpecify ASME fatigue strength reduction factor, default factor is 1.0K e, Fatigue PenaltyFactorSpecify ASME fatigue penalty factor, default factor is 1.0Load Case TableDefine load case combination. Temperature, Start Step, End Step, Numberof Cycles, fatigue factors and Temperature are to be defined per load case incase of load case combination.Fatigue CurveSame Curve For AllBodiesSpecify whether the fatigue curve is the same for all selected bodies or notFatigue Curve (App. 3-F)Specify the Appendix 3-F table from which the fatigue coefficients are foundFatigue Curve Table(App. 3-F)Specify the Appendix 3-F table from which the fatigue coefficients are foundby body ID (see Appendix C for body ID description)Save Fatigue CurvesSpecify whether the fatigue curve should be saved to the Solver FilesDirectory or notIntegration Point ResultsDisplay OptionSpecify whether the results at nodes are displayed as Averaged (default) orUnaveraged resultInformationYoung’s Modulus TableYoung’s Modulus used for the calculation (see Appendix C for body IDdescription)- 10 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Cycles To FailureMinimum number of cycles to failure, displayed per load case in the LoadCase Table in case of load case combination.DamageMaximum damage, displayed per load case in the Load Case Table in case ofload case combination.DefinitionByNot to be usedDisplay TimeNot to be usedResult SetNot to be used4.1.4 Issues and LimitationsThe Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) result object is limited to 3D Static Structural and TransientStructural analyses.If a .csv file is opened or previewed while a result is being evaluated where this file will beoverwritten, the evaluation will fail. The file should be closed.Results cannot be displayed by Maximum over Time, or Time of Maximum.If the result object is inserted under an unsolved analysis and the analysis is included to definea load case in a Load Case Table, the Load Case Table will be invalid. Thus, it will not be possibleto solve the analysis. The result object will have to be either supressed or deleted before theanalysis can be solved.If the scoping method is set to All Bodies, but the geometry contains only one body, SameCurve for All Bodies, will not be set to Yes as read-only at initialisation, but only if the user triesto change it.Error/Warning Messages:-If a solved fatigue result uses an analysis which has be cleared or resolved, theresult object will become suppressed or invalid when the user selects it.If the geometry selection has a plastic behaviour assigned, a warning message willbe displayed- 11 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-185 References1. ASME. Section VIII, Division 2. 2017.- 12 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Appendix A.1. Example 1This example shows, step by step, how to use the Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) result object, aswell as verification of the results.A Static Structural analysis is created and a material with elastic behavior is used. The materialproperties are summarized in Table 5-1.Table 5-1: Material Properties of the Duplex Stainless Steel material.Material PropertyElastic Modulus[GPa]Poisson’s ratio[-]Value185.70.31The geometry used in this example is a Blind Tee, modeled as a solid multibody part. Thepreviously defined material is assigned to all bodies.The model is subjected to an internal pressure with its corresponding cap force. Further, theoutlet surface is fixed in the axial and tangential direction with respect to a local coordinatesystem as shown in Figure 5-1. For simplicity, symmetry is utilized such that only half of thegeometry model is used.Figure 5-1: Loads and boundary conditions for the example modelThe solved analysis defined the first Load Case and is renamed as Fatigue LC1 BlindT.The Setup cell of Fatigue LC1 BlindT is duplicated on the Project page (RMB in the Setup cell,duplicate), thus sharing the Engineering Data, Geometry and Model cells, as shown in Figure- 13 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-185-2. This is done in order for the two analyses to share the same mesh, which is a requirementto evaluate the cumulated damage from the two analysis. The second analysis is renamedFatigue LC2 BlindT.Figure 5-2: Duplicating analysis by duplicating the Setup cell (left) duplicated analysis afterrenaming (right)For the Fatigue LC2 BlindT analysis, a Remote Force of 10 000 N is added as shown in Figure5-3.Figure 5-3: Loads and boundary conditions for the Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) example model.To evaluate the accumulated damage in the Blind tee, a Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) result objectis added from the toolbar and scoped to the body. This object is found in the Results dropdown menu of the extension, as seen in Figure 5-4.- 14 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Figure 5-4: Inserting a Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) object and Details of Fatigue (ASME VIIIDiv.2) result object.Load Case Combination is set to Yes. Start Step, End Step and Number Of Cycles fieldsdisappear. Instead, a new field Load Case Table appears as shown in Figure 5-5. By clicking onTabular Data in the Load Case Table field, a table pops up with properties as shown in Figure5-6. Refer to Appendix B if the table does not pop up.Figure 5-5: Details of Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) result object after setting Load CaseCombination to Yes.- 15 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Figure 5-6: Load Case Table after clicking on Tabular Data.Two lines are added to the table by clicking twice on. Then, the table is filled in as shownin Figure 5-7: The analysis without Remote Force (here renamed LC1) is selected with 5 500cycles, and the analysis with Remote Force (here renamed LC2) with 5 000 number of cycles.Figure 5-7: Load Case Table after inserting two lines, and filling with the values. Note thatonly solved analyses are valid.By clicking “Apply” in the Material Table Data field, the property becomes valid as shown inFigure 5-8. Note that, exiting by any other way will not save the table.- 16 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Figure 5-8: Details of Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) result object after clicking Apply.The Fatigue Curve (App. 3-F) is then specified to 3-F.3. When all properties are filled in, theresult object status changes to valid, as shown in zFigure 5-9.zFigure 5-9: Details of Fatigue (ASME VIII Div.2) result object after selecting the FatigueCurve.The result object is evaluated. The result plot is shown in Figure 5-11. Cycles to Failure andDamage Contribution are displayed in the Load Case Table per load case.Note that in this case, both LC1 and LC2 could have been set as 2 steps in the same analysis.Then, the same result can be obtained by selecting the relevant start and end steps, as shownin Figure 5-10.Figure 5-10: Load Case Table for one analysis with two steps, the same damage result isobtained.- 17 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Figure 5-11: Plot displayed and Load Case Table after evaluation of the result object.- 18 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Verification of the result at the Maximum Accumulated Damage node:To verify the result, the equivalent stresses are extracted at the node of maximumaccumulated damage for both analysis, see Figure 5-12. The local thermal stress is notincluded in the stress amplitude calculations, thus, the stress amplitude 𝑆a can be calculatedby Eq. 5.36 and Eq. 5.29 in (1) (𝐾𝑓 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐾𝑒,𝑘 1):𝑆𝑎,LC1 537.11 MPa 268.6 MPa ;2𝑆𝑎,LC2 623.69 MPa 311.8 MPa2The numbers of cycles are then calculated using the Annex 3-F.1.2 (b) in (1), see Figure 5-13 :𝑁LC1 25 130 cycles ; 𝑁LC2 14 560 cyclesThe accumulated damage is then calculated using equation 5.38 in (1):𝐷 5 5005 000 𝟎. 𝟓𝟔𝟐14 560 25 130The ratio obtained by hand calculation is equal to the one obtained with the extension resultobject Figure 5-11. Results are verified.Figure 5-12: ANSYS Equivalent Stress at the node of maximum utilization for LC1 and LC2.Figure 5-13 Number of cycles are then calculated using the Annex 3-F (b)- 19 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Appendix A.1. Example 2To illustrate how the temperature is taken into account, we modify the engineering data fromexample 1 as shown below:Figure 5-14 Engineering Data modification for Example 2Fatigue is evaluated as for Example 1 except for LC1 temperature which is for the Example 2set to 22degC.Figure 5-15: Plot displayed and Load Case Table after evaluation of the result object.The used modulus used per body and temperature are listed in the Young’s Modulus Table.- 20 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-18Figure 5-16 Young’s Modulus TableVerification of the result at the Maximum Accumulated Damage node:The numbers of cycles are then calculated using the Annex 3-F.1.2 (b) in (1), see Figure 5-13 :𝑁LC1(22C) 33 290 cycles (𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 1 𝑁LC2 14 560 cycles)The accumulated damage is then calculated using equation 5.38 in (1):𝐷 5 5005 000 𝟎. 𝟓𝟎𝟗33 290 25 130The ratio obtained by hand calculation is equal to the one obtained with the extension resultobject Figure 5-15Figure 5-11. Results are verified.Figure 5-17 Number of cycles are then calculated using the Annex 3-F (b)Note that, if the Young’s Modulus was not given at 22degC exactly, Young’s Modulus attemperature would be interpolated.- 21 -
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1 -08-Feb-181- The fatigue curves are built for the bodies of the geometry selection 1. The fatiguecurves are built as specified by the Annex 3-F for a stress range 𝑆𝑎 varying in the rangedefined for each table in (1) with a step of 0.2 MPa. Note that:- The Young’s modulus is retrieved from Engineering Data and used as the modulusof elasticity of the material 𝐸𝑇 in Eq. 3-F.3 in (1). If 𝐸𝑇 is temperature dependent,it will be interpolated at the user defined temperature. 2- The stress amplitude, 𝑆𝑎 , is calculated by Eq. 5.36 and Eq. 5.29 in (1). The localthermal stress SLT,k in (1) is not included in the stress amplitude calculations.- 𝐾𝑓 is strength reduction factor accounting for local notch or effect of the weld. Thisfactor is set to 1 by default- 𝐾𝑒,𝑘 is the fatigue penalty factor. This factor is set to 1 by default.2- For each load case an
ASME Fatigue - Documentation – v.190.1-08-Feb-18 - 8 - 4 ASME Fatigue app 4.1.1 Background The fatigue calculation according to ASME 2017 Sec. VIII Div.2 Part 5. Chapter 5.5.3; Fatigue assessment – elast
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