Federal AviationAdministrationNBAA IOCOceanicOperationsBy: Federal Aviation AdministrationDavid Maloy, OperationsAEA-220 NEXTGen BranchDate: 23 March 2016
So This Is Why They Paint A Centerline NBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration2
NAT/HLA27o N17o NNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration3
Question 1Approximately how many times a year does yourcompany conduct a NAT crossing?A. 1-5B. 6-10C. 11-15D. More than 15NBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration4
Is this really RVSM?NBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration5
Nope, this is.NBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration6
NAT Reported Events01 Jan 2007 – 31 Dec 2015Event TypeFrequencyVertical LHD1186Intervention737Time-related320Lateral Deviation 25Nm483Longitudinal Separation Erosion277Lateral GNE ( 25NM)96 2015 – 178 Turnbacks and Diversions 350 reported events in the above categories within or above MNPSACommercial – 312 events - 89%IGA – 33 events - 9%MIL – 5 events – 1.5 %NBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration7
Gross Navigation Errors (GNE)GNE defined as 25 nm or more from CLEARED ROUTE– Lateral deviations of 10 nm or more are noted Reclearance – #1 scenario leading to a GNE– Updated LRNS, CFP, Plotting Chart– Independent source to cross check magnetic course anddistance in FMS (e.g. 10 degree longitude tables) Failure of crews to adhere to published procedures bynot conducting proper crosschecks of clearances withinformation in LRNS– Flying the flight plan instead of the CLEARANCENBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration8
GNE’s Common Causes Con’t Failure of crews to manually check accuracy ofwaypoints in FMS by referencing page for expandedcoordinates Special contingency routes 60 N 10 W vs 61 N 10 W Crew is cleared via NAT track but filed coast in point ismissing from the CFPNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration9
Large Height Deviations (LHD)Defined as 300 feet or more from assigned FL Analysis of reported LHD events in the NAT: Approximately half are caused by Turbulence,Autopilot Malfunction or Nuisance TAs The other half attributable to Crew/ATC Actions #1 scenario leading to an LHD is a conditionalclearance (e.g. use of words AT or BY) The NAT currently exceeds the Target Level of Safety(TLS) threshold in the vertical dimension Operational errors are the primary contributorNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration10
Height Deviations Major Operational Causes Failure of crews to climb or descend because of amisinterpretation of clearance Crews fail to change flight level before or at specifiedlongitude Poor R/T phraseology Entry at oceanic boundary at flight planned rather thancleared flight levelNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration11
Erosion of Longitudinal Separation Longitudinal separation– NAT Procedures are minimum of 10 min. in-trail based onassigned mach– ETAs Updated (for voice reporting aircraft)– Master Time Source (i.e. FMS) All NAT providers use automatic ground ATC systemsthat depend on accurate reports of progress– Therefore timely reports are criticalNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration12
Recommendations Pre-Departure Use/develop Oceanic Checklist Confirm accuracy of CFP coordinates against mastersource & compare routing to International Flight Plan Master time source Data base-currency, version Ensure present position coordinates are correctNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration13
Recommendations Pre-Departure Cont. Independent verification – screen to documentDistance/course check & toleranceWX documents-METARs, TAFs, SIG WX, SIGMETsSpecial Use airspace requirements-Nav/Comm,NAT/HLA, RVSM, RNP– ICAO Focus on specific C/N/S requirements– Requirement to verify RNP value in FMS based on moststringent RNP filed on the flight planNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration14
Recommendations Coast Out Navigation accuracy check before leaving groundbased nav aids HF check or Sat Comm– Confusion over the use of SATCOM voice vs HF radio Use caution when crossing more than one oceanic FIR(i.e. Brest and Madrid FIRs)NBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration15
Recommendations Cruise Oceanic clearance-mach number/flight level/route –Shanwick Required Comm/Nav/Sur equipment Gross error check-radar fix from ATC Strategic Lateral Offset Procedure (SLOP) – SOP– Centerline, 1NM Right or 2NM Right– ICAO 4444 PANS ATM added offsets in tenths of NM not toexceed 0.5NM Right in reduced lateral separation Transponder – As applicableNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration16
Question 2SLOP should be used in the following area:A. FLEX Tracks such as the NAT OTSB. Published routes between U.S. West Coast andHawaiiC. Random oceanic routesD. All the aboveNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration17
Recommendations Cruise Cont. Ensure position cross checks consistentlyaccomplished Tracking outbound on currently effective ATCclearance - Waypoints-prior, overhead, outbound Use of plotting chart - 10 min. plot ETA tolerance– Update Required for voice reporting aircraft when ETA isin excess of 2 min.NBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration18
Contingencies Track offset procedure - - 15 nm– Used for turnbacks or diverts– 500 feet off assigned flight level– Mechanical – Minimized descent rate Weather Deviation– Confusion over 10NM corridor and the need to attemptcontact with ATC if requiring a deviation less than 10NM– Climb or descend 300 feet at 10NM COMMUNICATENBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration19
Oceanic Deviations Recommendations to avoid a deviation– 2 Crewmembers listen and record– Clarify clearance - LRNS, Master CFP, Plotting Chart– Coast In/Coast Out PointNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration20
Recommendations General Establish and follow SOPs Adherence to procedures such as detailed in NAT Ops &Airspace Manual would prevent the majority of GNEs Oceanic Errors Safety Bulletin (OESB) NAT Track Message– 80% of GNEs from Poor Cockpit Procedures Use of current data link guidance material– GOLDNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration21
International Flight Plan CodesItem 10 / Field 10a Field 10b - Surv (D1)A : GBAS Landing SysB : LPV (APV w/SBAS)C : LORAN CD : DMEE1 – E3 : ACARSF : ADFG : GNSSH : HF RadioI : INSJ1 – J7 : CPDLCK : MLSL : ILSM1- M3 : ATC RTF (SATCOM, MTSAT, Iridium)O : VORP1 - P9 : Reserved for RCPR : PBN ApprovedS : Standard equipmentT : TACANU : UHF radioV : VHF radioW : RVSMX : MNPSY : VHF w/ 8.33 kHz spacing capabilityZ : Other Equipment carried or othercapabilitiesField 18 - Other Information (PBN)NBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration22
Planned Reductions in Separation Cross Polar– RNP 10 and 50nm lateral separation North Atlantic– 5 min. longitudinal separation (CPDLC, MNPS, ADS-C) Trial started in May 2010– Half degree lateral separation (CPDLC, RNP-4, ADS-C) Trial began 15 Dec. 2015 Special Emphasis Items Bulletin – Check Magnetic Course, Distanceand Expanded Coordinates– Datalink Mandate CPDLC and ADS-C Required on all OTS Tracks FL 350 – FL 390NBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration23
NAT Half Degree Lateral Separation Spring 2014 Numerous NAT Errors ARINC 424 Naming Convention– 5040N vs N5040– Some databases use letter H to indicate ½ deg. latitude– Datalink Use per Guidance in GOLD Document Some Operators Use Seven Alphanumeric Characters– Example N50W040 Important to Emphasize Consistent use of NavigationCross Checks– Reduced Lateral Separation Minimum (RLatSM) Bulletin –Special Emphasis ItemsNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration24
Europe Link 2000 Data Link Mandate Delayed until 2020 Link 2000 terminology replaced by ATN B1NBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration25
SAFA Ramp Checks Recommend SAFA “Binder” Focused items include:––––Safety equipmentAnnex 1 Personnel LicensingAnnex 6 Operation of Aircraft (applicable part)SMSNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration26
Validations Special Areas of Operation (SAO) request may require:– Table Tops– Validation Flights Guidance in Order 8900.1 POI will Consult Regional SAO SpecialistNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration27
References NAT Doc 007 North Atlantic Operations andAirspace Manual, Edition 2016 Oceanic Errors Safety Bulletin (OESB) Web Sites: ICAO EUR/NAT Europe Skybrary FAA NAT Resource Guide Pacific Resource Guide WATRS/GOMEX/Caribbean Resource GuideNBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration28
NBAA IOC23 March 2016Federal AviationAdministration29
Europe Link 2000 Data Link Mandate Delayed until 2020 Link 2000 terminology replaced by ATN B1. Federal Aviation . Focused items include: –Safety equipment –Annex 1 Personnel Licensing –Annex 6 Operation of Aircraft (applicable part) –SMS. Federal Aviation Administr
The 2019 NBAA Business Aviation Convention & Exhibition (NBAA-BACE) is the world’s largest and most important business aviation event. Ranked as the third biggest trade show in the U.S., NBAA’s convention is the perfect venue
03 / IOC MARKETING: MEDIA GUIDE MEDIA GUIDE: IOC MARKETING / 04. Olympic Broadcasting "The IOC is proud to partner with the . to fully-produced and short-form content for digital and social media platforms. 450 cameras 5,000 hours of coverage VR coverage offered for first time at Winter Games Global Coverage There will be global
IOC Anti-Doping Rules applicable to the Games of the XXXII Olympiad Tokyo 2020 4 / 49 Delegation to the ITA The IOC is a Signatory to the Code and these Rules are adopted by the IOC in accordance with the mandatory provisions of the Code. In accordance with the Code and these Rules, the IOC has agreed to delegate some of its responsibilities related to the implementation of all or part of the .
Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Parts 91, 120, and 135 [Docket No.: FAA-2010-0982; Amdt. Nos. 91-330; 120-2; 135-129] RIN 2120-AJ53 Helicopter Air Ambulance, Commercial Helicopter, and Part 91 Helicopter Operations AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This final rule addresses
The IOC Ethics and Compliance Office is responsible for keeping and posting the Register of Consultants on www.olympic.org. Article 4 Any failure to respect the IOC’s ethical principles, the Olympic Charter, the IOC Code of Ethics and its
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 INTRODUCTION 3 METHODOLOGY 3. Table 1. Chemistry and sensory testing methods used in this study. RESULTS BASED ON IOC STANDARDS FOR EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OILS 5. Table 2. Both sensory panels find that top-selling brands usually fail IOC extra virgin olive oil standards Table 3. IOC chemical tests show low failure rates for .
IOC Nutrition Working Group and the IOC Athletes' Commission to create this nutrition brochure for all athletes. Helping you achieve peak performance is the mission of POWERADE, a refreshing beverage designed to prevent dehydration and the onset of fatigue during exercise. Your peak performance also depends on
Introductory Music Lesson Plan s r 1: To make students aware that notes have "names" 2: To develop the ability to identify any "natural" note with reference to a piano keyboard