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CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019Section ASolution 1:Glucose of amino acids is the common nutrient that is absorbed in the small intestine andreabsorbed by the kidney tubules.Solution 2:The presence of Coliform bacteria in water bodies indicates contamination.Section BSolution 3:The electronic configuration of Magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl) is as follows:Mg –122, 8, 2Cl – 172, 8, 7The two electrons lost by magnesium atom are gained by chlorine atoms to produce amagnesium ion and 2 chloride ions.Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is an ionic compound. The solution of magnesium chloridedissociates into ions when dissolved in water. These ions conduct electricity.Solution 4:Fertilization results in formation of zygote.An embryo is formed by the continuous division of zygote. The ovule develops a thick coatand is transformed into a seed. The ovary grows rapidly and ripens to form the fruit.Solution 5:Refractive index (n) of benzene is given as:n speed of light in vaccum (c)speed of light in benzene (v)𝑐Therefore, v 𝑛3 1081.50m/s 2 108 m/s% decrease (3 1) 1083 108 100 % 66.7 %ORFrom Snell’s Law:https://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019Refractive index, n sin 𝑖sin 𝑟𝑐𝑣Now, c and sin i are constants. Therefore, sin r v. Thus, velocity of light is maximum inmedium C.Solution 6:A white precipitate is formed when aqueous solutions of sodium sulphate and bariumchloride are mixed.Na2SO4 (aq) BaCl2 (ag) 2NaCl (aq) BaSO4 ( )Doubled Displacement reaction takes place.There is an exchange of ions between the reactants in the double displacement reaction.Section CSolution 7:1Plaster of Paris, i.e. CaSO4 . H2O is the compound of calcium which is used for plastering of2fractured bones. It is also known as Calcium Sulphate Hemihydrate.The preparation method is as follows:1122373 K CaSO4 . H2O 1 H2OCaSO4. 2H2O GypsumThe special precaution to be taken is that gypsum should not be heated above 373 Kotherwise it will form CaSO4.ORSweet tooth leads to tooth decay. It is caused by the action of bacteria on food particlesremaining in the mouth. The action of bacteria leads to formation of acid. Because of this thepH of the mouth falls below 5.5. This in turn results in the dissolving of the tooth enamelresulting in cavities. Toothpastes are generally basic in nature. So, they neutralise the excessacid produced in the mouth and prevent tooth decay.Solution 8:a) From the electronic configuration it can be seen that element ‘X’ has three energy shells.The period number of an element is equal to the number of energy shells, thus X belongs to3rd period.b) X has 6 valence electrons. Therefore, it belongs to group 16.c) Valency of element ‘X’ is 2, i.e. to acquire a noble gas configuration it will have to gain 2electrons.Solution 9:i) By observing swollen neck in people living in the hills, it can be inferred that the intake ofiodine is less.ii) Over secretion of growth hormone during childhood will lead to gigantism.https://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019iii) Timely secretion of testosterone leads to facial hair development in boys aged 13.Solution 10:The colour of ‘A’ just before the starch test is pale yellow and after the starch test is blueblack.Chlorophyll C6H12O6 6O26CO2 6H2O SunlightO2 is obtained from water (H2O). This is because splitting of water results in formation ofHydrogen which is used for making glucose and oxygen is released as a by-product.Solution 11:The magnification is given by the following relationship:vm uwhere, m is the magnificationu is the object distancev is the image distanceAccording to the question 30 cm-1 -uTherefore, u 30 cm.Using the mirror formula,1f11uv Substituting the values of u -30 cm and v -30 cm1f 1 30 1 30Therefore, f - 15 cmNow, u’ -10 cm, f - 15 cmUsing the mirror formula:1v′11fu′ -Therefore, v’ 30 cmORPower of a lens is the degree of convergence or divergence of light rays achieved.The focal length and power of lens are related by the following formula:Focal length, f 1Power,PFor lens 1,https://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019f1 100P1100 10 10 cmThat is, lens 1 is a convex lens.For lens 2,f2 100P2100 5 20 cmThat is, lens 2 is a convex lens.For lens 3,f3 100P3100 10 - 10 cmThat is, lens 3 is a concave lens.Lens 2 will form a virtual and magnified image of an object placed at 15 cm from theconvex lens. This is because concave lens can never form virtual and magnified image of anobject and convex lens form such image only when the object is placed between the opticalcentre and principle focus of the convex lens.Solution 12:Given:Power rating of first lamp 100 W, 220 VPower rating of second lamp 200 W, 220 VTo calculate the resistance of each lamp, the following relation is used:R V2PWhere R is the Resistance,V is the voltageP is the powerTherefore,Resistance of the first lamp, R1 V2P1https://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019 220 V 220 V100 W 484 ΩResistance of the first lamp, R2 V2P2220 V 220 V200 W 242 ΩFor series connection, the equivalent resistance RS can be calculated as:RS R1 R2 484 Ω 242 Ω 726 ΩTherefore, current drawn in series connection:IS 𝑉𝑅𝑆220 𝑉726 Ω 0.30 AFor parallel connection, the equivalent resistance RP can be calculated as:1RP RP 1R11 484 Ω48431R2 1242 ΩΩTherefore, current drawn in parallel connection:IP VRP220 𝑉 3484 Ω 1.36 ASolution 13:The resistance of a cylindrical wire is given as:lR ρAWhere R is the resistanceρ is the resistivity of the material of the wirel is the length of the wireA is the cross sectional area of the wireAccording to the given diagrams:Ra ρlAhttps://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019Rb ρ3lA/3l 9ρA 9 RaRc ρl/33A1 l ρ9 A1 Ra9Therefore, Rb Ra RcAs all the conductors are made of the same material, ρa ρb ρc.Solution 14:Biogas is a mixture of methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, hydrogen sulphide.The steps involved in obtaining biogas are as follows:i) Mixing cattle-dung and water and making a slurry.ii) Decomposition of cattle-dung by anaerobic bacteria which is also known as digesting.iii) Formation of biogasiv) Residue left after the formation of biogas.Solution 15:Ozone is beneficial as it shields the surface of the earth from UV radiations of the Sun. At thesame time ozone is damaging because it is poisonous.The damaging effect of ozone can be prevented by not using synthetic chemicals like CFCsthat deplete O3 layer.ORThe findings of the study of the flow of energy between various components of theenvironment are as follows:(i) The flow of energy is unidirectional.(ii) Terrestrial plants take about 1% of the Sun’s energy and change it to chemical energy.(iii) For digestion/doing work/growth and reproduction, a great deal of energy is lost as heat.(iv) Only 10% of organic matter present at each trophic level is available to next trophiclevel.(v) Because of 10% law, the food chains are mainly of 3 - 4 trophic levels.(vi) The number of producers is maximum and the number reduces in subsequent trophiclevels.(vii) As compared to isolated food chains, food webs are more common.(viii) Biological magnification can be observed.Section DSolution 16:a)https://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019Procedure:(i) Take an aluminium or copper wire.(ii) Clamp this wire on a stand, as shown in figure.(iii) Fix a pin to the free end of the wire using wax.(iv) Heat the wire with a spirit lamp, candle or a burner near the place where it is clamped.Observation – The wax melts and the pin falls. This means that heat is transferred from oneend of metal wire to the free end of wire, thereby showing that metals conduct heat.b) Process of extraction of Mercury (Hg) from its sulphide ore Cinnabar (HgS) is as follows:Cinnabar ore is crushed in a cone crusher. The powdered form is then heated at 300 Celcius.Roasting process is carried out, where combustion reaction occurs in the presence of oxygen.Roasting 2HgO(S) 2SO2(g)2HgS (s) 3O2(g) Finally, sulphur dioxide is formed and mercury vapour is evolved.Mercury vapour then passed through a condenser and liquid form of mercury is collected.Finally, the liquid mercury is refined to remove impurities.Reduction2HgO(s) 2Hg(l) O2(g)Mercury is a metal obtained in liquid form which is also known as Quick silver.Solution 17:2CH3COOH 2Na 2CH3COONa H2O(A)(B)CH3COOH C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5 H2O(C)( D)CH3COOC2H5 NaOH Acid C2H5OH CH3COONaA - CH3COOHB - CH3COONaC - C2H5OHD - CH3COOC2H5ORa) The electronic configuration of carbon is 2, 4. Thus, it can either gain four electronsforming C-4 anion or lose 4 electrons to form C 4 cation. Due to energy considerations, bothare not possible.Carbon overcomes this problem by sharing electrons and forming covalent compounds.Two reasons for forming large number of compounds:1) Catenation2) Tetra valencyb) Formation of NH3 moleculeThe electronic configuration of nitrogen, N – 2, 5The electronic configuration of hydrogen, H – 1Three hydrogen atoms each share their 1 electron with nitrogen to form three covalent bondsand make an ammonia molecule (NH3).https://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019Solution 18:a)i) Fallopian Tube/Oviduct is where block is created surgically to prevent fertilizationii) Uterus is where CuT is inserted.iii) Vagina is where condom can be placed.b) People prefer use of condoms as it prevents STDs/gives privacy to the user. Condomshelp create a mechanical barrier preventing meeting of sperms and ovum.Solution 19:i) Green beetles living in green bushes are not eaten by the crows because of naturalselection.ii) Number of blue beetles in green bushes increases, only because the red beetles living therewere trampled by a herd of elephants. This is because of genetic drift.iii) No ‘medium height plants’ are obtained in F1 generation, upon crossing pure tall anddwarf pea plants because of law of dominance.iv) Tails of mice were surgically removed for several generations; still mice had tails in thefollowing generations. As tails are acquired characters are not inherited.v) A migrant beetle reproduces with the local population; as a result genes of migrant beetleenter the new population. This is known as Gene flow.ORa) Body or its parts that are not decomposed/preserved traces of organisms.https://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019The age of fossils can be determined by the following ways:The fossils that are found closer to the surface are more recent than the fossils in deeperlayers.By detecting the ratios of different isotopes of the same element in the fossil material.b) During artificial selection, the following feature of wild cabbage are selected to give riseto:i) Cabbage: Very short distances between leaves.ii) Cauliflower: Sterile flowers.Solution 20:(a) The ability of the eye lens to adjust its focal length is known as the power ofaccommodation.The ciliary muscles of eye are responsible for change in its focal length.(b) A student sitting at the back bench in a class has difficulty in reading might be sufferingfrom myopia.The possible causes of this defect are as follows:i) excessive curvature of the eye lensii) elongation of eyeballA concave lens of suitable power can be used to correct this defect.Solution 21:(i) The method of inducing electric current in a coil with a moving magnet is as follows:(a) Take a coil of wire AB having a large number of turns.(b) Connect the ends of the coil to a galvanometer as shown in figure below.(c) Take a strong bar magnet and move its north pole towards the end B of the coil. Observeany change in the galvanometer needle.(d) There is a momentary deflection in the needle of the galvanometer, say to the right. Thisindicates the presence of a current in the coil AB.(e) The deflection becomes zero the moment the motion of the magnet stops.https://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019(f) Now withdraw the north pole of the magnet away from the coil. Now the galvanometer isdeflected toward the left, showing that the current is now set up in the direction opposite tothe first.(g) Place the magnet stationary at a point near to the coil, keeping its north pole towards theend B of the coil. We see that the galvanometer needle deflects toward the right when the coilis moved towards the north pole of the magnet.(h) Similarly the needle moves toward left when the coil is moved away.(i) When the coil is kept stationary with respect to the magnet, the deflection of thegalvanometer drops to zero.A simple rule can be used to know the direction of the induced current. Stretch the thumb,forefinger and middle finger of right hand so that they are perpendicular to each other, asshown in figure below. If the forefinger indicates the direction of the magnetic field and thethumb shows the direction of motion of conductor, then the middle finger will show thedirection of induced current. This simple rule is called Fleming’s right-hand rule.(ii)a) The galvanometer needle deflects momentary in one direction because when the keyis closed. This happens because the magnetic field lines around coil-2 increases momentarythat causes induced current in coil-2.b) When the key is opened the galvanometer needle deflects momentary in oppositedirection. This is because the magnetic field lines around coil-2 decreases momentary thatcauses induced current in coil-2.ORAn electric generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy.It works on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.Construction of an electric generator:An electric generator, as shown in figure below, consists of a rotating rectangular coil ABCDplaced between the two poles of a permanent magnet. The two ends of this coil are connectedto the two rings R1 and R2. The inner side of these rings are made insulated. The twohttps://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019conducting stationary brushes B1 and B2 are kept pressed separately on the rings R1 and R2,respectively. The two rings R1 and R2 are internally attached to an axle. The axle may bemechanically rotated from outside to rotate the coil inside the magnetic field. Outer ends ofthe two brushes are connected to the galvanometer to show the flow of current in the givenexternal circuit.Working of an electric generator:When the axle attached to the two rings is rotated such that the arm AB moves up (and thearm CD moves down) in the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet.Let us say the coil ABCD is rotated clockwise in the arrangement shown in figure above. Byapplying Fleming’s right-hand rule, the induced currents are set up in these arms along thedirections AB and CD.Thus an induced current flows in the direction ABCD.If there are larger numbers of turns in the coil, the current generated in each turn adds up togive a large current through the coil. This means that the current in the external circuit flowsfrom B2 to B1.After half a rotation, arm CD starts moving up and AB moving down. As a result, thedirections of the induced currents in both the arms change, giving rise to the net inducedcurrent in the direction DCBA.The current in the external circuit now flows from B1 to B2. Thus after every half rotation thepolarity of the current in the respective arms changes. Such a current, which changesdirection after equal intervals of time, is called an alternating current (abbreviated as AC).This device is called an AC generator.To get a direct current (DC, which does not change its direction with time), a split-ring typecommutator must be used. With this arrangement, one brush is at all times in contact with thearm moving up in the field, while the other is in contact with the arm moving down.Thus a unidirectional current is produced. The generator is thus called a DC generator.Section ESolution 22:NaOH is a base, so the colour of dilute solution of Sodium hydroxide turns pink on addingPhenolphthalein.When excess of HCl is added the final mixture becomes colourless due to neutralisation ofbase with an acid.ORhttps://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019Metals in increasing order of reactivity - Copper, iron, zinc and magnesiumWhen iron filings are added to copper sulphate solution the following colour changes areobserved:1. Color of the solution changes from blue to green2. Reddish brown deposits on iron filings.Solution 23:a) NaHCO3 is the substances which on addition to acetic acid produce carbon dioxide gas.Chemical equation for the same is:CH3COOH NaHCO3 CH3COONa H2O CO2 (1)b) CO2 gas tested in the laboratory by passing it through the lime water. CO2 on passingthrough lime water turns it milky.Solution 24:‘Chain of buds’ is visible in Yeast under high power of the microscope.The parent (yeast) cell produces a small protuberance that grows to form a bud. This isknown as budding. The nucleus of the parent (yeast) cell divides, such that the daughternucleus moves into the daughter cell and the process continues to form a chain of buds.ORIn absence of KOH, the CO2 released by germinating seeds is not absorbed. So, a partialvacuum is not created in the conical flask and thus the air pressure in the flask is not reduced.The water level will not rise in the delivery tube.Solution 25:The following observations will be made when soaked seeds of bean are observed after 2-3days:(i) Soft/ruptured seed coat(ii) Radicle which emerges first (add comma)(iii) Leafy plumuleSolution 26:0.2LC of ammeter 10 A 0.02 A1LC of voltmeter 10 V 0.1 VTherefore, current 15 0.02 A 0.3 APotential difference 21 0.1 2.1 VSolution 27:(i) Angle of incidence is equal to the angle of emergence when a ray of light passesthrough a rectangular glass slab at different angles of incidence.https://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITHSOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019(ii) Angle of emergence increases when the incident angle at air-glass interface is increased.(iii) The following conditions are required for no refraction:(a) The light ray falls along the normal(b) The refractive index of the two optical media is equal.OR(i) The mirror is a concave mirror.Focal length, f 35 - 15 20 cm(ii) Sunita gets a sharp image of the distant building at 35 cm mark as the incident rays willbe parallel to each other. So, after reflection from concave mirror, the rays meets at focus andproduce sharp image at focus.https://www.swiflearn.com/

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE WITH SOLUTIONS : 2018 - 2019 https://www.swiflearn.com/ f 1 100

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