AMMUNITION STORAGE AND HANDLING ASHORE
CHAPTER 12AMMUNITION STORAGE AND HANDLING ASHOREService AmmunitionAmmunition storage ashore applies to the storageof explosives, ammunition, and ammunitioncomponents in two different types of environments andoperational conditions. When ammunition is stored atpermanently established storage locations, such asnaval air stations, naval stations, or other ammunitionactivities, extensive safety and procedural requirementsexist. However, strategic operations may necessitate theestablishment of ammunition storage facilities atadvanced bases. Although governing regulations existfor the storage of ammunition at advanced bases, theyare not as extensive as those governing permanentstorage requirements and regulations. The followingtext covers ammunition storage ashore and ammunitionstorage ashore for advanced bases.Ammunition intended for operational use isclassified as service ammunition. The warheadcontains explosives, pyrotechnics, or chemical agentfiller. If required, the propellant is of service or reducedcharge weight. Aircraft service ammunition isidentified as either armament (kill stores) or ordnance(search stores).Nonservice AmmunitionAmmunition used for training personnel isclassified as nonservice ammunition. This ammunitionmay be actual service (tactical) quality or may bespecially modified or loaded practice ammunition, inerttraining, inert dummy/drill, or exercise/recoverableammunition.AMMUNITION STORAGE ASHORELEARNING OBJECTIVE: Identify ammunition magazines used ashore. Recognizethe explosive safety quantity-distance (ESQD)requirements. Recognize the hazards posed byvarious classes of ammunition. Identify storagecapability groups and their use. Identify thefacilities used to store ammunition at advancedbases.PRACTICE/TRAINING AMMUNITION.—This ammunition is designed for training, practice, orsystems testing purposes. It is actually launched, fired,or dropped. It may be a modification of serviceammunition designed specifically for practice. Practiceammunition may or may not contain explosive orpyrotechnic materials. Practice ammunition may beeither expendable or recoverable, depending upon thedevice involved.All units of the Naval Shore and Marine CorpsEstablishments that produce, store, ship, or otherwisehandle ammunition, explosives, and other hazardousmaterials are under the management and control ofNAVSEASYSCOM.Also,NAVSEASYSCOMmanages and controls the technical aspects ofassembling, maintaining, storing, issuing, shipping,and handling ammunition, explosives, or otherhazardous materials.DUMMY DRILL/INERT AMMUNITION.—This ammunition is completely inert ammunition. It isused to represent the service ammunition for displaypurposes, testing weapons, and weapons handlingoperations. It is also used to develop assembly, testing,and handling proficiency of personnel without actuallyfiring or launching the ammunition.EXERCISE/RECOVERABLEAMMUNITION.— This is service ammunition that is functionalin all respects except for the explosive payload. Thepayload furnishes operational data by the substitutionof recoverable exercise components. Pyrotechnics, dyemarker, or explosive fittings may be attached to orincorporated in the ammunition.AMMUNITION IDENTIFICATIONAmmunition identification is an important part ofordnance handling and administration. Ammunitionidentification tells you the service/nonservice type ofammunition, class of explosive contained in the round,Mark (Mk) and modification (Mod) numbers, lotnumbers, and color codes representing the explosivehazards.12-1
Table 12-1.—Ammunition Color CodesCOLORYellowINTERPRETATION(1) Identifies high explosives.(2) Indicates the presence of explosive, either,(a) sufficient to cause the ammunition to function as a highexplosive, or(b) particularly hazardous to the user.Brown(1) Identifies rocket motors.(2) Indicates the presence of explosive, either,(a) sufficient to cause the ammunition to function as a lowexplosive, or(b) particularly hazardous to the user.*Gray(1) Identifies ammunition that contains irritant or toxic agents whenused as an overall body color except for underwater ordnance.Gray with Red Band(s)(1) Indicates the ammunition contains an irritant (harassing) agent.Gray with Dark Green Band(s)(1) Indicates the ammunition contains a toxic agent.*Black(1) Identifies armor-defeating ammunition, except on underwaterordnance.Silver/Aluminum(1) Identifies countermeasure ammunition.Light Green(1) Identifies smoke or marker ammunition.Light Red(1) Identifies incendiary ammunition or indicates the presence ofhighly flammable material.*White(1) Indicates illuminating ammunition or ammunition producing acolored light; exceptions, underwater ordnance, guided missiles,and rocket motors.Light Blue(1) Identifies ammunition used for training or firing practice.*Orange(1) Identifies ammunition used for tracking or recovery.Bronze(1) Identifies Dummy/Drill/Inert ammunition used for handling andloading training.Nonsignificant ColorsOlive Drab(1) All ammunition items.Black(1) For lettering.White(1) For lettering.(2) For guided missiles and rocket motors.*NOTES: The following colors when applied as stated have NO identification color codingsignificance:a. The colors GRAY, ORANGE, BLACK, WHITE, BRICK RED OR GREEN on underwater ord.nance, such as mines and torpedoes, and the color WHITE on guided missiles or rocket motors.b. The colors BLACK and WHITE when used for lettering.c. The color WHITE when used in diamond shaped figures on ammunition.12-2
modification designations are assigned in sequence,Mod 2, Mod 3, Mod 4, and so forth.PaintingPainting (table 12-1) is the application of the finalbody coating to ammunition, ammunition components,or ammunition containers by authorized activities.Usually, paint color identifies the use or explosivehazards of the ammunition; however, sometimes it hasno meaning.Some explosive devices and ordnance or armament(such as cluster weapons and bomblets used in clusterweapons) are designated by groups of letters andnumbers. An example of this type designation isBLU-7A/B (table 12-2).U.S. Army ammunition retains the Army identifierthat uses a letter, numeral, and letter and numeralsystem. For example, the model is designated M23. Thefirst modification of this model is designated M23A1,and subsequent modifications are designated byM23A2, M23A3, etc. If the Navy and Army jointlydeveloped an item, the letters AN (Army/Navy)precedes the model identifying designation. Forexample, a model is designated AN-M173. The firstmodification of this model is designated AN-M173A1.Later modifications are designated as AN-M173A2,AN-M173A3, etc.MarkingMarking is the application of colored spots, bands,or symbols on ammunition, ammunition components,or ammunition containers. Markings, by their color orshape, identify ammunition fillers or the presence ofspecific ammunition components.Chemical filler ammunition, ammunition components, and ammunition containers are identified bybands that are color-coded (table 12-1). Markingsymbols placed on a line parallel to the colored bandsidentifies chemical fillers.LetteringDepartment of Defense Identification Code(DODIC) and Navy Ammunition Logistic Code(NALC)Lettering is the use of letters, words, abbreviations,or numerals on ammunition, ammunition components,or ammunition containers. Lettering is put onammunition by die stamping, stenciling, decals,etching, or rubber-stamping. Lettering identifies thetype, mark and modification, ammunition lot number,and loading information of the ammunition item.Lettering applied in black or white has no color-codesignificance.The Department of Defense Identification Code(DODIC) is a four-digit code assigned by the DefenseLogistics Services Center (DLSC). It identifiesammunition and explosive items (non-nuclear) withinthe supply system applicable to all the armed forces.The Navy Ammunition Logistic Code (NALC) is afour-digit code assigned by Ships Parts Control Center(SPCC). It identifies Navy-unique items of ordnance.The DODIC and NALC are interchangeable termsand are included as part of the letter identificationcontained on ammunition and ammunitioncomponents. These codes are used specifically forlogistic control and ammunition administration.Mark and Modification DesignationThe Mk number is an Arabic numeral andrepresents a basic design. A modification (Mod)number to represent a less than major change in designfollows it. For example, the mark/modification numberassigned to a general-purpose bomb without a changeto the basic design is Mk 82 Mod O. If a minor changeto the basic design is incorporated, it is designated asMk 82 Mod 1. If further changes are incorporated, theIf an ammunition item or ammunition componenthas been modified, a DODIC/NALC code is assigned tothe modified item. For example, Mk 105 Mod O isassigned code A811 and Mk 105 Mod 1 is assignedcode A894. A complete listing of DODICs and NALCsTable 12-2.—Item Identification Designations for Cluster MunitionsBomb or MineBLUSeventh Model and First Modification7AUnit Must Be Expended on Mission/B12-3
conditions. A lot is expected to function in a uniformmanner. Each ammunition lot (table 12-3) is assigned acode number (ammunition lot number) that identifiesall ammunition items assembled as part of that lot.For specific ammunition lot numbers, you shouldrefer to Identification of Ammunition, NAVSEASW010-AF-ORD-010/NAVAIR 11-1-117.is contained in Navy Ammunition Logistics Codes,NAVAIR 11-1-116B/TW010-AA-ORD-030.Ammunition Lot NumberAn ammunition lot is a quantity of ammunitionassembled from uniform components under similarTable 12-3.—Derivation of Lot NumberKEYDEFINITIONaLot sequence numberbManufacturer's identification symbolcMonth of production (two digit)dYear of production (two digit)eMonth of production (single L—GAUG—HfInterfix numbergLot suffix (alpha)SEP—JOCT—KNOV—LDEC—MExample:Lot Number,Method 1:Key:11(a)ABC(b)0588(c)(d)(Note that (c) and (d) will be used to compute service life.)Example:Lot Number,Method 2: XYEKey:(b)88(d)E(e)001-011A(f)(a)(g)(Note that (d) and (e) will be used to compute service life.)12-4
2. The 25 feet by 80 feet size is suitable for thestowage of 500,000 pounds net weight ofexplosives.MAGAZINESExplosives and ammunition are stowed inmagazines or areas designated for the specificmaterials. NAVSEASYSCOM designs and designatesall magazines or storage areas. The type and amount ofmaterial that may be stowed in any magazine dependson the type of magazine in relation to the explosivesafety quantity-distance requirements.Additionally, the following miscellaneous types ofmagazines may be found at certain establishments.KEYPORT - The keyport magazine is earthcovered and arch-shaped with a prefabricated concreteconstruction. It has interior floor dimensions of 6 feetby 8 feet 8 inches. The height of the arch isapproximately 6 feet.Types of MagazinesBOX - A box magazine is of concrete construction,rectangular shape, and normally measures 12 feet by 17feet.Magazines located at naval air stations and othernaval installations are of various sizes, types ofconstruction, and classes, depending upon the nature ofthe material to be stowed. Magazines are designated ashigh-explosive magazines, smokeless-powder magazines, and ready-service magazines according to theirintended use. Magazines are further classified by typeof design—surface, subsurface, arch-type, earthcovered, or barricaded.CORBETTA - A corbetta magazine is of concreteconstruction and is shaped like a beehive or dome.GALLERY - A gallery magazine is a tunnel orcave, and the dimensions will vary.MISCELLANEOUS OR NONSTANDARD The physical dimensions of the miscellaneous ornonstandard magazine depend on the type of stowedmaterial and the location of the magazine.Recently designed magazines used to storesmokeless powder, pyrotechnics, loaded projectiles,fixed ammunition, small-arms ammunition, and otherfire or missile hazard materials are of two generaltypes—the rectangular, earth-covered magazine andthe concrete, triple-arch, earth-covered magazine.OPEN STORAGE - The type and amount ofexplosives stowed in open stowage depend on the sizeand location of the storage area.1. The rectangular, earth-covered magazine (50feet by 100 feet) is constructed of reinforcedconcrete throughout.Explosive Safety Quantity-Distance (ESQD)Requirements2. The concrete, triple-arch, earth-coveredmagazine has three arches. The combinedarches make up a single magazine; however,each arch is separated by a minimum of 10 feetat the door, and the space is filled with dirt. Thestandard floor size of each arch in thetriple-arch construction is 25 feet by 80 feet.Each of the three arches may be used for adifferent type of compatible material.Explosive Safety Quantity Distance (ESQD)requirements apply to the concentration ofammunition, explosives, and other hazardous materialsat Naval Shore Establishments for development;manufacturing; test and maintenance; storage, loadingand off-loading of vehicles, railcars and aircraft;disposal; and all related handling incidents.Explosive Safety Quantity Distance (ESQD)requirements are based on records of actual fires andexplosions involving ammunition and explosives.ESQD requirements safeguard personnel againstpossible serious injury or equipment destruction frompossible fires or explosions. These requirements alsoprotect the inhabitants of nearby communities, privateand public property, and the Naval Shore Establishmentpersonnel. These requirements keep the loss ofvaluable ammunition stores (including inert ordnanceitems) to a minimum if there were a fire or explosion.Magazines constructed since 1928 that are used forstoring high explosive, bomb-type ammunition, andother explosive hazard materials are made of reinforcedconcrete, single-arch, earth-covered type constructionand they are barricaded at the entrance end. Thesemagazines have been constructed in three sizes:1. The 25 feet by 50 feet and the 25 feet by 40 feetsizes are suitable for the stowage of 250,000pounds net weight of explosives.12-5
intended use. The division within Class 1 and theexpected hazard for each division is listed in table 12-5.The Department of Defense (DOD) ESQD hazardclassification system is based on a systemrecommended for international use by the UnitedNations Organization (UNO). The UNO system hasnine classes of hazardous material; but, DOD only usesthree of the nine classes—Class 1, explosives; Class 2,Division 3, poison A; and Class 6, poisonous (toxic)and infectious substances. Table 12-4 identifies each ofthe nine classes.MASS-DETONATING HAZARD MATERIALS (CLASS 1, DIVISION 1).—Damage frommass-detonating hazard materials is caused byconcussion or blast or by sympathetic detonation.Prescribed distances between piles of these materialsand between magazines containing these materialsmust be maintained to minimize the possibility ofsympathetic detonation or propagation. Ammunitionand explosives that are considered mass-detonatinghazards are Hazard Class 1, Division 1.In reviewing table 12-4, you can see that someitems are placed in classes other than Class 1. SinceDOD uses only Class 1 items for explosives, Class 1assignments have been made. However, to maintainidentity, DOD places these items in Class 1 for storageonly until DOD implements other classes. As an AO,you are involved with the storage of Class 1 material;therefore, the information contained in this section onlydeal with Class 1 classifications.NON-MASS-DETONATING HAZARD, FRAGMENT-PRODUCING MATERIALS (CLASS 1,DIVISION 2).—The principal hazards for itemswithin this division are fragment and blast, eitherindividually or in combination, depending on suchfactors as storage configuration, type of packing, andquantity. The designated minimum distances are basedupon the limited range of fragments. These are thedistances that must be used for protection of inhabitedbuildings and public traffic routes. Since fragmentproducing materials can be grouped according to theDOD Hazard Class 1 is subdivided into divisions 1through 5, based on the character and predominance ofthe associated hazards and the potential for causingpersonnel casualties or property damage. Thesesubdivision are not based upon compatibility groups orTable 12-4.—United Nations Organization Hazard ClassesCLASSTYPE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL1Ammunition and explosives, DOT Classes A, B, and C; Blasting Agents2*Compressed gases, flammable and nonflammable, Poison gases (Poison A)3Flammable liquids4Flammable solids or substances5Oxidizing materials6*Poisonous substances (Poison B); Irritating materials; Etiological agents7Radioactive materials8Corrosive materials9Miscellaneous dangerous substances (other regulated materials)*Includes ammunition without explosive components which contain toxic chemical agents, andcontainers of toxic chemical agents in bulk. Formerly ESQD Class 8.12-6
Table 12-5.—Hazard Class 1 Division Designators and Types of HazardsDIVISION DESIGNATORTYPE OF HAZARD1MASS DETONATING2NON-MASS DETONATING, FRAGMENT PRODUCING3MASS FIRE4MODERATE FIRE, NO BLAST5VERY INSENSITIVECertain articles within the division that contain oneounce or less of explosives have (based on test results)been classified as Class 1, Division 4S. These articlesmay be considered inert for storage purposes, and theyare not subject to explosive transportation regulations.Articles containing larger quantities of explosives, alsoclassified as Class 1, Division 4S, may be consideredinert for storage purposes. However, they must bereviewed on an individual basis to determine whetherexplosive transportation regulations are applicable.range of the fragments produced, four fragmentdistance categories have been established. This permitsflexibility of storage. Most fragments produced byincidents in this division will fall within one of fourspecified minimum distances—400, 800, 1,200, and1,800 feet.MASS FIRE HAZARD MATERIALS (CLASS1, DIVISION 3).—Items in this division burnvigorously. There is little or no possibility forextinguishing them in a storage situation. Normally,explosions will be confined to pressure ruptures ofcontainers and will not produce propagating shockwaves or damaging blast overpressure beyond specifieddistances. A severe fire may result from the tossingabout of burning container materials, propellant, orother flaming debris. Toxic effects, such as burningpyrotechnic items, will not normally extend beyond theinhabited building distances specified for this division.VERY INSENSITIVE EXPLOSIVE ITEMMATERIALS (CLASS 1, DIVISION 5).—Items inthis division are considered very insensitive when notstored or transported with other Class 1 materials. DODconsiders these items to be the same as Class 1,Division 1, Compatibility Group D. There is very littleprobability of accidental explosion or transition fromdeflagration to detonation. The materials within thisdivision are shipped as ESQD Hazard Class 1, Division5. They are stored as Class 1, Division 1, CompatibilityGroup D.MODERATE FIRE HAZARD, NO BLASTMATERIALS (CLASS 1, DIVISION 4).—Items inthis division present a fire hazard with no blast hazardand virtually no fragmentation or toxic hazard beyondthe fire hazard clearance specified for high-riskmaterials. However, separate facilities for storage andhandling of this division should not be less than 100feet from other facilities. However, if the facilities areof fire-resistive construction, they may be 50 feet fromeach other. If devices containing explosives are suchthat accidental ignition during storage or transport willnot cause external damage to the devices, either by fire,smoke, heat, loud noise, or by visible damage to theouter packaging, they are not considered Class 1 items.These devices may be considered inert for storagepurposes and marked AMMUNITION NONEXPLOSIVE for transport purposes.Normally, technical manuals do not present thehazard class, division, and compatibility group as theyare written in previous
is contained in Navy Ammunition Logistics Codes, NAVAIR 11-1-116B/TW010-AA-ORD-030. Ammunition Lot Number An ammunition lot is a quantity of ammunition
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Washington, DC, 4 November 1986 AMMUNITION HANDBOOK A Guide for Ammunition Specialists PREFACE FM 9-13 is intended to serve as a ready reference for ammunition specialists and supervisors during training or when assigned to an ammunition support unit or ac
I. Best Practice Guide on Ammunition Marking, Registration and Record-Keeping 3 II. Best Practice Guide on Procedures for Management of Stockpiles of Conventional Ammunition 15 III. Best Practice Guide on Physical Security of Stockpiles of Conventional Ammunition 39 IV. Best Practice Guide on Ammunition Transportation 81
Cost Transparency Storage Storage Average Cost The cost per storage Cost Transparency Storage Storage Average Cost per GB The cost per GB of storage Cost Transparency Storage Storage Devices Count The quantity of storage devices Cost Transparency Storage Storage Tier Designates the level of the storage, such as for a level of service. Apptio .
(2) POW's and ammunition will be secured and stored lAW AR 190-11 (Physical Security of Arms, Ammunition and Explosives) and FC Regulation 700-15 (FC Ammunition Handbook). Inventories of POW's will be conducted at the same frequency required for government weapons and ammunition Armorers will document all inventories.
175mm, 8-inch artillery ammunition and 4.2-inch mortar ammunition. M700 Proximity Fuze, For Use On 105mm, 155mm, 175mm, 8" Artillery Ammunition and 4.2" Mortar Ammunition M72E7 Fuze M732 Proximity Fuze M732 Proximity Fuze M734A1 Fuze for Mortars M739A1 Used For CTG. 4.2" HE, 105mm, 155mm and 8" HE Projectiles M739A1
Centerfire Rifle & Pistol Ammunition Safety Data Sheet according to Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 58 / Monday, March 26, 2012 / Rules and Regulations 12/18/2017 EN (English US) 2/16 Disposal: Dispose of ammunition in accordance with local regulations. Supplemental information: The hazardous components of this product are encased and are
Physical Security of Arms, Ammunition and Explosives, Including Security Risk Category I Ammunition 5 Table 2: Examples of Department of Defense (DOD) Physical Security Requirements for Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (AA&E), Including Security Risk Category (SRC) I Ammunition 7 . Letter\t1. Background\t4
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