Skeletal Muscle Smooth Muscle “involuntary Muscle”
HASPI Medical Anatomy & Physiology 04cActivityName(s):Period: Date:Muscle TissueThe cells of muscle tissue are extremely long and contain protein fibers capable of contracting toprovide movement. The bulk of muscle tissue is made up of two proteins: myosin and actin. Theseproteins are organized into muscle fibers called myofilaments, and can be arranged into even largerbundles to create muscles. Muscle tissues are separated into three main types depending on thearrangement of these myofilaments. These include skeletal muscle tissue, smooth muscle tissue,and cardiac muscle tissue.Skeletal Muscle TissueSkeletal muscle is also considered “voluntarymuscle” and makes up the muscles that are attached toour skeleton by tendons. These muscles contractvoluntarily and function in movement and maintenance ofposture. About 35-45% of the human body is made up ofskeletal muscle tissue. When skeletal muscle tissue isobserved, there are visible striations, or lines, that /muscle%20tissue.gifbe seen.Smooth muscle is “involuntary muscle”and makes up the lining of most of the organs of thebody. This includes the gastrointestinal tract, respiratorytract, blood vessels, bladder, and uterus just as a fewexamples. These muscles do not contract voluntarily anddo not have visible striations. For example, in a processcalled peristalsis, smooth muscle contracts in waves topush food from the esophagus all the way through until itis expelled out the anus.Cardiac muscle makes up the heart, and is anextremely dense strong tissue. Cardiac muscle tissuehas a very large number of mitochondria to provide theenergy source for the continuous contracting action of theheart. Cardiac muscle tissue is striated like skeletalmuscle tissue, but also has myofilaments arranged intolarger striations called intercalated discs that join cardiacmuscle fibers together.Smooth Muscle ody/muscle%20tissue%202.gifCardiac Muscle ody/muscle%20tissue%203.gifNervous TissueNervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nervesand is responsible for communication. There are two main cellsthat make up nervous tissue: neurons and neuroglia cells.Neurons are responsible for sending and receiving messageswhile neuroglia provide support and nutrients for neurons.167
s%20tissue1.jpgMuscular and nervous tissue charts (6)Computer/internet OR muscle and nervous tissue slides and a microscopePart A. Becoming Familiar with Muscular and Nervous TissuesFigure 1In Part A of this lab, you will have the opportunity to familiarize yourselfwith the different types of muscle and nervous tissues. Posters withthe main types of muscular and nervous tissue have been placedthroughout the room. Visit each poster and record the description,function, and location in the following chart. Draw and label anexample in the right column for each picture. An exampledrawing can be seen in Figure 1 to the SITE.jpga. Skeletal muscleDescription (write or draw)Draw an example. Use colored pencils and label ifnecessary.FunctionLocationb. Skeletal muscle: cross-sectionDescription (write or draw)FunctionLocation168Draw an example. Use colored pencils and label ifnecessary.
c. Cardiac muscleDescription (write or draw)Draw an example. Use colored pencils and label ifnecessary.FunctionLocationd. Smooth muscleDescription (write or draw)Draw an example. Use colored pencils and label ifnecessary.FunctionLocatione. Nervous tissue: neuronsDescription (write or draw)Draw an example. Use colored pencils and label ifnecessary.FunctionLocation169
f. Nervous tissue: neurogliaDescription (write or draw)Draw an example. Use colored pencils and label ifnecessary.FunctionLocationPart B. Identify the Muscle and Nervous TissueIn Part B of this activity, use what you have just learned to identify the following connective tissues.Write your answers on the line in each box.A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.D.E. gy/31SmoothMusc3 400X istology old/muscle/images/cardiac muscle.jpghttp://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/user upload/ckeditor/soma.jpghttp://4.bp.blogspot.com/ guSOnFRs tal muscle 01a.jpg170C.
Part C. Practice, Practice, PracticeYour instructor will either have slides available to view with the microscope OR you can use acomputer and the following website to choose slides to /virtual nrml/nrml lst.htmFor each type of connective tissue, observe the slide and identify the connective tissue. REMEMBER there are multiple tissue types on many of the slides. Start by searching through the slide for images similar to those in your drawings from Part A. You may need to move the slide around to find a good example! You may need to look up/research the organ function if it is unfamiliar.a. Skeletal muscleSlide Choices: Skeletal muscleOrganDraw an example. Use colored pencils.Organ FunctionTissue Functionb. Skeletal muscle: cross sectionSlide Choices: Skeletal muscle: cross sectionOrganDraw an example. Use colored pencils.Organ FunctionTissue Function171
c. Cardiac muscleSlide Choices: HeartOrganDraw an example. Use colored pencils.Organ FunctionTissue Functiond. Smooth muscleSlide Choices: Smooth muscle, wall of any hollow organOrganDraw an example. Use colored pencils.Organ FunctionTissue Functione. Nervous tissue: neuronsSlide Choices: Brain, spinal cord, nerveOrganOrgan FunctionTissue Function172Draw an example. Use colored pencils.
f. Nervous tissue: neurogliaSlide Choices: Brain, spinal cord, nerveOrganDraw an example. Use colored pencils.Organ FunctionTissue FunctionAnalysis Questions - on a separate sheet of paper complete the following1. What is the difference between skeletal, smooth, andcardiac muscle?2. What are the lines in skeletal and cardiac muscle?3. What is an intercalated disc? Why are these not seenin skeletal muscles?4. What is the difference between neurons and neuroglia?5. How is the shape of a neuron suited to its purpose?6. Draw a neuron and label the dendrites, cell body, nucleusaxon, myelin, and axon terminal. An example neurondiagram is pictured on the right.7. CONCLUSION: In 1-2 paragraphs summarize theprocedure and results of this lab.Review Questions - on a separate sheet of paper complete the following1. What is the function of muscle tissue?2. What two proteins make up the bulk of muscle tissue?3. What are myofilaments?4. Where are skeletal muscles found?5. How much of the human body is made up of skeletal muscle?6. Where would smooth muscle tissue be found?7. Which muscle tissues have striations?8. Which muscle tissues are voluntary?9. Why does cardiac muscle tissue have large numbers of mitochondria?10. What is the function of nervous tissue?11. How do neurons and neuroglial cells work together?173
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HASPI Medical Anatomy & Physiology 04c Activity Muscle Tissue The cells of muscle tissue are extremely long and contain protein fibers capable of contracting to provide movement. The bulk of muscle tissue is made up of two proteins: myosin and actin. These
There are three types of muscle tissue: Skeletal muscle—Skeletal muscle tissue moves the body by pulling on bones of the skeleton. Cardiac muscle—Cardiac muscle tissue pushes blood through the arteries and veins of the circulatory system. Smooth muscle—Smooth muscle tis
then discuss the role that calpains play in skeletal muscle remod-eling in response to both exercise training and in response to pro-longed periods of skeletal muscle inactivity. Finally, we will also highlight the emerging evidence that calpains play an important signaling role in skeletal muscle. Calpains in Skeletal Muscle
of skeletal muscle organization, gross to microscopic, that we describe in the following sections. Gross Anatomy of a Skeletal Muscle Each skeletal muscle is a discrete organ, made up of several kinds of tissues. Skeletal muscle "bers predominate, but blood vessels, nerve "bers, and su
Muscles are of three types, skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle tissue is closely attached to skeletal bones. In a typical muscle such as the biceps, striated (striped) skeletal muscle fibres are bundled together in a parallel fashion (Figure 7.7a). A sheath of tough connective tissue encloses sev
Dr Anjali Saxena Page 1 SKELETAL MUSCLE- NOTES I Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Describe the layers of connective tissues packaging skeletal muscle Explain how muscles work with tendons to move the body Identify areas of the skeletal muscle fibers Describe excitation-contraction coupling & Neuromuscular junction
skeletal muscle and tendon provides important insights into basic biological processes and the design of therapies for the treatment of diseases and injuries. Several cytokines have been identified as important regulators of skeletal muscle mass. One of the most potent cytokines that regulate skeletal muscle mass is myostatin (GDF-8).
between cytoskeletal and contractile elements. Key words: Cytoskeleton, Muscle, Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth Introduction The muscle cell cytoskeleton has frequently been considered to include those components of the muscle Offprint r
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02. 3 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website. 4 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard. 1 .
