BIOLOGY WORKSHEET GRADE: 11

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BIOLOGYWORKSHEETGRADE: 11Q.1: Choose the letter of the best answer.1. Two robins eating worms on the same lawn is an example ofa. mutualism.b. commensalism.c. competition.d. parasitism.2. Predation is best described asa. one organism capturing and eating another.b. two organisms competing for limited resources.c. an interaction in which two species benefit from each other.d. an interaction in which one species benefits and other is not affected.3. Aphids eat the sap from plants and excrete sticky waste that ants eat.The ants protect the aphids from predators. This type of interactionis calleda. parasitism.b. mutualism.c. commensalism.d. competition.4. An oak tree provides a sparrow a place to build a nest. The nest neitherbenefits nor harms the tree. What is the name for this type ofrelationship?a. mutualismb. commensalismc. predationd. parasitism5. One difference between parasitism and predation is that parasitesa. do very little harm to their hosts.b. keep their hosts alive for a period of time.c. attack the host only from the inside.d. are not very big.

onmutualismparasitismMAIN IDEA: Competition and predation are two important ways in whichorganisms interact.Next to each situation described below, write whether it is an example ofinterspecific competition or intraspecific competition.1. Two squirrels race up a tree to reach a hidden pileof nuts.2. A hyena chases off a vulture to feast on an antelopecarcass.3. Different species of shrubs and grasses on the forestfloor compete for sunlight.4. Brown bears hunting for fish on a river’s edge fightover space.5. Male big horn sheep butt heads violently in competitionfor mates.6. Draw and label a sketch that represents an example of a predator-preyinteraction.

MAIN IDEA: Symbiosis is a close relationship between species.7. For each type of symbiotic relationship, complete the chart with details abouthow each organism is impacted using the terms “Benefits,” “Harmed,” or “Noimpact.” For each situation, assume that Organism A initiates the relationship.Symbiotic RelationshipOrganism AOrganism Bmutualismcommensalismsparasitism8. How is parasitism similar to and different from predation?9. What is the difference between endoparasites and ectoparasites?10. The term symbiosis comes from a Greek term which means “living together.”How does this word origin help to explain the definition of symbiosis?11. Use your knowledge of the word mutual to write a definition for mutualism.12. The word commensalism comes from the Latin mensa, meaning “table,” andcom-, meaning “with.” If I come to your table to eat your food, I benefit butyou don’t. Draw a sketch to show this meaning to help you remember it.

WORKSHEETBiologyGrade: 11Q.1: Choose the letter of the best answer.1. A sequence of biotic changes that regenerate or create an ecologicalcommunity is known asa. migration.b. factors.c. succession.d. erosion.2. The development of an ecosystem in an area that has been covered bylava begins with thea. breakdown of rock by pioneer species.b. migration of animals.c. growth of trees and shrubs.d. appearance of soil.3. Lichens and mosses that first live in uninhabited areas are examples ofa. non-native species.b. pioneer species.c. primary species.d. secondary species.4. Secondary succession is most likely to occura. after a forest fire.b. with pioneer species.c. if a glacier shrinks.d. on a new volcanic island.5. Which of the following statements about primary succession is true?a. It begins with a climax community.b. Small mammals are first to inhabit the area.c. It only occurs after glaciers retreat.d. It begins with bare rock.

KEY CONCEPTEcological succession is a process of change in the species that make upa community.VOCABULARYsuccessionpioneer speciesprimary successionsecondary successionMAIN IDEA: Succession occurs following a disturbance in an ecosystem.1. What is ecological succession?2. Fill in the chart below with a description and simple sketch of the four mainsteps of primary succession. Include the amount of time it takes for each stageof this process.

3.Fill in the chart below with a description and simple sketch of the four mainsteps of secondary succession. Include the amount of time it takes for eachstage of this process.Vocabulary Check4. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?5. Use your knowledge of the word pioneer to write a definition for the termpioneer species.

WORKSHEETGRADE: 11BIOLOGYQ.1: Choose the letter of the best answer.1. All of the environmental features in the area where an organism livesare known as itsa. niche.b. habitat.c. community.d. behavior.2. The lion’s ecological niche includes its behavior anda. the shade trees on the savanna.b. its position in the food web.c. an ecological equivalent.d. all the nearby watering holes.3. The idea that two species cannot occupy the same niche is known asa. ecological equivalence.b. niche partitioning.c. evolutionary response.d. competitive exclusion.4. When two species compete for the same resources, their ecologicalniche maya. become extinct.b. adapt to one species.c. not favor one of them.d. split into two niches.5. Ecological equivalents are species that occupy similar nichesa. in different geographical regions.b. with plenty of food.c. in different types of habitats.d. after niche partitioning.HA:

Q.2: Fill the chart.

Name:Class:Date:Chapter TestBiologyGrade: 11Q.1: Choose the letter of the best answer.1. The European red squirrelpopulation is declining dueto competition with theNorth American graysquirrel. Most likely, whatwill eventually happen tothe red squirrel?a. It will win itscompetition with the graysquirrel.b. It will be an ecologicalequivalent of the graysquirrel.c. It will become extinct.d. It will move to a differentcommunity2. What word or phrase wouldbe most appropriateopposite “commensalism”under “organism 2”?a. Neither Harms orBenefitsb. Is Harmedc. Benefitsd. Benefits over Time6. Which statement is mostlikely true about theDaphnia population shownin the graph?3. The white-tailed deer andthe kangaroo are both largeherbivorous mammals thatoccupy similar niches butlive on different continents.They are an example ofa. ecological equivalents.b. competitors.c. niche partitioning.d. competitive exclusion.4. A herd of caribou has morebirths than deaths and moreimmigration thanemigration. What will mostlikely happen to the size ofthe herd?a. It will increase.b. It will decrease.c. It will increase, and thendecrease.d. It will stay the same.5. In 1988 several large forestfires occurred inYellowstone National Park.What process occurred afterthese fires?a. primary successionb. secondary successionc. pioneer successiond. symbiotic succession

9. Fourteen beavers live in apond with an area of 2square kilometers. What isthe population density of thebeavers?a. 7 beavers per squarekilometerb. 14 beavers per squarekilometerc. 16 beavers per squarekilometerd. 28 beavers per squarekilometera. It has reached its carryingcapacity.b. It has a large food supply.c. It has a small food supply.d. It will level off duringday 8.7. Lions eat zebras. Zebras arepart of the lion’sa. biotic factors.b. ecological niche.c. local habitat.d. abiotic conditions.8. Parasitism is most similar toa. interspecific competition.b. mutualism.c. commensalism.d. predation.12. The new island of Surtseywas formed near Iceland bya series of volcaniceruptions. Which of theseprocesses occurred first onSurtsey?a. A complex ecosystemdeveloped.b. Volcanic rock brokedown into soil.c. Plants grew on the island.d. Animals moved onto theisland.10. An alder tree is not apioneer species becausea. alder trees are a form oflichen.b. it is not one of the treesthat make up the finalforest.c. smaller organisms comebefore trees insuccession.d. pioneer species arealways animals.11. Which of these is a densityindependent limiting factor?a. any increase inpopulationb. the introduction of aparasitec. a decrease in predatorsd. an earthquake13. Many endoparasites lackcomplex digestive systems.Which is the most likelyreason for this?a. Endoparasites eat onlyplants, which are easy todigest.b. Endoparasites do notusually kill their hosts.c. Endoparasites feed onfood already digested bythe host.

d. Endoparasites live onlyinside their hosts, notoutside.14. What might happen if anorganism with type IIIsurvivorship wereintroduced into a newenvironment with nopredators?a. It would become extinct.b. Its survivorship wouldchange to type I.c. Its population wouldincrease rapidly.d. Its birth rate woulddecrease.15. Bobcats are generallysolitary and establishterritories of a certain sizewhere they hunt for food.What type of populationdispersion would youexpect bobcats to have?a. clumped dispersionb. uniform dispersionc. random dispersiond. competitive dispersion

Q.2: Short Answer Use the diagram below to answer items 16–20.YEAST POPULATION GROWTH IN A SUGARSOLUTION OVER A 20-HOUR PERIOD16. After how many hours does the yeast population shown in Figure reachcarrying capacity?17. What amount of yeast constitutes the carrying capacity shown in Figure ?18. What is the amount of yeast in Figure at the 6-hour mark?19. Describe what is happening to the yeasts at time 8 hours.20. What type of population growth does Figure show? How do you know?

Name Class DateQ.3: Use the diagram below to answer items 21–25.21. What is the moose population in 1981?22. Is the moose population in 1981 relatively high or low?23. Is the wolf population in 1981 increasing or decreasing?24. Why is the wolf population in 1981 changing the way it is?25. Compare the moose and wolf populations in 1974 and in 1981. How are thepopulations different? Explain your answer.

Name Class DateBIOLOGYWORKSHEETGRADE: 11Q.1: Choose the letter of the best answer.1. Which of the following describes the density of a population?a. 5 sloths dispersed randomlyb. 100 people in the areac. 100 wolves per square miled. 1 acre per family2. The way in which individuals of a population are spread out is calleda. population density.b. population dispersion.c. survivorship.d. predation.3. Zebra herds that live and move together are an example of what type ofdispersion?a. clumped dispersionb. uniform dispersionc. random dispersiond. territorial dispersion4. What does a survivorship curve show?a. the number of births and deaths each yearb. the number of predators that fed on a species’ eggsc. the number of offspring born in a particular yeard. the number of offspring still alive over time5. Most large mammals have type 1 survivorship curves, which meansthey havea. low infant mortality and high rates of survival into old age.b. roughly equal survivorship rates at all ages.c. high numbers of offspring so that a few will survive.d. very high levels of predation and uniform dispersion.

Name Class DateKEY CONCEPTEach population has a density, a dispersion, and a reproductive strategy.VOCABULARYpopulation densitypopulation dispersionsurvivorship curveMAIN IDEA: Population density is the number of individuals that live ina defined area.1. What is the formula for calculating population density?2. What might cause the population density of a population of deer to increase?MAIN IDEA: Geographic dispersion of a population shows how individuals in apopulation are spaced.3. In the boxes below, draw and label the three types of population dispersionpatterns.

Name Class Date4.List two reasons why a population might live in a clumped dispersion and tworeasons why a population might live in a uniform dispersion.MAIN IDEA: Survivorship curves help to describe the reproductive strategyof a species.5. What is meant by the term reproductive strategy? What accounts fordifferences in reproductive strategies?Number of survivors12010080604020010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Percentage of maximum life spanTake a look at each of the survivorship curves shown above. Next to each type oforganism listed below, write in the space provided whether it is an example ofType I, Type II, or Type III survivorship.6. lion10. invertebrate7. bird11. fish8. reptile12. giraffe9. small mammal13. humanVocabulary Check14. What is the difference between population density and population dispersion?

Name Class DateBIOLOGYWORKSHEETGRADE: 11Q.1: Choose the letter of the best answer.1. The movement of a single caribou into a herd is an example ofa. immigration.b. emigration.c. population.d. competition.2. What pattern of growth will a population with limited resources show?a. exponentialb. logisticc. density-dependentd. density-independent3. The carrying capacity is most likely to changea. if emigration takes place.b. when resources remain the same.c. for all species at the same time.d. after a fire or flood.4. Diseases may spread more rapidly when an area is crowded, so diseaseis considered to be aa. type I survivorship curve.b. population crasher.c. density-dependent limiting factor.d. requirement for logistic growth.5. Which of the following is an example of a density-independentlimiting factor?a. a parasiteb. a decrease in preyc. a food shortaged. a natural disaster

Name Class DateKEY CONCEPTPopulations grow in predictable patterns.VOCABULARYimmigrationlogistic growthdensity-dependentlimiting factoremigrationcarrying capacitydensity-independentlimiting factorexponential growthpopulation crashMAIN IDEA: Changes in a population’s size are determined by immigration,births, emigration, and deaths.Choose a word from the box below that best completes each sentence.birthsemigrationdeathsimmigration1. When resources are abundant in a particular area, individuals may move intothe population of this area. This movement of individuals into a populationfrom a different population is called .2. A very cold winter has left many deer in a population hungry and sick.By the end of the winter, this population will likely decrease becauseof .3. A deer population experiences growth when the rate of reproduction increases.This change in population size is due to .4. As humans move into their territory, many members of a deer populationmove away and join other herds. This movement of individuals out of apopulation into a new population is called .5. How does the availability of resources affect population growth?

Name Class DateMAIN IDEA: Population growth is based on available resources.6. In the space below, draw and label the two different types of populationgrowth curves.Write a brief description next to each graph.7. What type of population growth curve shows a carrying capacity?8. What type of population growth is at risk for a population crash? Explain why.MAIN IDEA: Ecological factors limit population growth.9. List three examples of density-dependent limiting factors.10. List three examples of density-independent limiting factors.Vocabulary CheckExplain why each pair of words below are opposites.11. emigrate/immigrate12. density-dependent limiting factor/density-independent limiting factor13. exponential growth/logistic growth

WORKSHEET Biology Grade: 11 Q.1: Choose the letter of the best answer. _ 1. A sequence of biotic changes that regenerate or create an ecological community is known as a. migration. b. factors. c. succession. d.

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