The Latest In ICC 500 Storm Shelter And FEMA Safe Room .
The Latest in ICC 500Storm Shelter and FEMASafe Room RequirementsBob FrankeFederal Emergency Management AgencyRegion VIINew Editions of ICC 500 Storm ShelterStandard and FEMA Safe Room Guidance ICC 500 (Second Edition) released in December 2014 FEMA P-361 (Third Edition) released in March 2015 FEMA P-320 (Fourth Edition) released in December 2014Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO21
Outline Wind hazard and threat FEMA P-361 background ICC 500 background 2015 IBC storm shelter code changes ICC 500-14 review Differences between ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 FEMA P-320 and Success storiesLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements3Recorded EF3, EF4, and EF5 Tornadoes inthe United States from 1950 to 2013HawaiiLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO42
Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements5Assessing Threat:Where Do Hurricanes Strike the Most?HawaiiHawaiiLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO63
FEMA Building Science MitigationObjectivesLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements7Codes/Standard vs. FEMA Building SciencePublicationsBuilding codes and standards Written by technical expert panels/committees Consensus documents, publically balloted When adopted, may be enforced by the building department Can only reference other consensus codes and standards Products may be approved through code “evaluation services” Laboratories and testing agencies provide product approvals andcompliance certificatesLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO84
Codes/Standard vs. FEMA Building SciencePublications (cont.)Building Science Publications Written by technical expert panels/committees Evaluated by Review Committees, not publically balloted Typically, not adopted and therefore, not enforceable by thebuilding department If adopted through special legislative rule or action, guidancemay be enforced by the building department (rare) Only when part of a grant program does the design criteriachange from “should” to “shall”Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements9Terminology ICC 500 Storm Shelter – A building, structure, or portion(s) thereof,constructed in accordance with ICC 500, for the purpose of providingsafe refuge from storms that produce high winds, such as tornadoesand hurricanes.– Residential Storm Shelter. Serves occupants of dwelling unitsand has an occupant load not exceeding 16 persons.– Community Storm Shelter. Any storm shelter not defined as aresidential storm shelter . FEMA Safe Room – A building, structure, or portion(s) thereof,constructed in accordance with FEMA P-320 or FEMA P-361, whichuses ICC 500 as a referenced standard and also specifiesRecommended Criteria that is slightly more conservative than ICC 500.Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO105
FEMA Safe RoomPublication Background Post-disaster studies have been conductedsince the 1970s to determine safe roomdesign FEMA technical building science teamsobserve and assess building performanceafter disasters of national significance in theUnited States FEMA has provided technical guidance ontornado protection since 1980, in TR-83A FEMA was involved with the development ofICC 500, the first consensus code for stormshelters released in 2008Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements11Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements12FEMA-Funded SafeRoom Grants FEMA’s recommended guidance inP-320 and P-361 are requirementsfor FEMA grants– Over 985M in Federal fundsgranted to design and constructsafe rooms– Nearly 25,000 residentialsafe rooms– Over 2,000 communitysafe rooms– In 25 states and territories2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO6
ICC 500, Standard for the Design andConstruction of Storm Shelters First released in 2008 ICC 500 took much of what waspresented in the first edition of FEMAP-361 and updated and codified it Referenced by the 2009, 2012, and2015 International Building Code and International Residential Code ICC 500-14 Commentary publishedin February 2016Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements13ICC 500 Purpose (Section 101.1)The purpose of this standard is to establish minimum requirements tosafeguard the public health, safety and general welfare relative to thedesign, construction and installation of storm shelters constructed forprotection from high winds associated with tornadoes and hurricanes .Storm Shelter Design Wind Speeds for Tornadoes(ICC 500 Figure 304.2(1))Storm Shelter Design Wind Speeds for Hurricanes(ICC 500 Figure 304.2(2))Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO147
2015 IBC Code Requirement forICC 500 Storm Shelters423.3 Critical emergency operations. In areas where the shelter designwind speed for tornadoes per Figure 304.2(1) of ICC 500 is 250 MPH,911 call stations, emergency operation centers and fire, rescue,ambulance and police stations shall have a storm shelter constructed inaccordance with ICC 500Cullman County Government Building. Cullman, AL. 2011Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements152015 IBC Code Requirement forICC 500 Storm Shelters423.4 Group E occupancies. In areas where the shelter design windspeed for tornadoes is 250 MPH per Figure 304.2(1) of ICC 500, allGroup E Occupancies with an aggregate occupant load of 50 or moreshall have a storm shelter constructed in accordance with ICC 500. Theshelter shall be capable of housing the total occupant load of the Group Eoccupancy.Exceptions:1. Group E day care facilities.2. Group E occupancies accessory toplaces of religious worship.3. Buildings meeting the requirementsfor shelter design in ICC 500.Jefferson Elementary School. Wichita, KansasLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO168
ICC 500-14 Outline Chapter 1: Application and Administration Chapter 2: Definitions Chapter 3: Structural Design Chapter 4: Siting Chapter 5: Occupancy, Means of Egress, Access, and Accessibility Chapter 6: Fire Safety Chapter 7: Essential Features and Accessories Chapter 8: Test Methods for Impact and Pressure Testing Chapter 9: ReferencesLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements17ICC 500-14 Chapter 1 – Application andAdministration – Outline Section 101: General Section 102: Compliance Alternatives Section 103: Conventions Section 104: Occupancy Section 105: Applicable Building Code Section 106: Inspections and Structural Observations Section 107: Construction Documents Section 108: Design Information Signage and LabelingLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO189
Code Applicability In cases where P-361 or ICC 500 do notstipulate requirements, the applicableprovisions of the building code adopted bythe AHJ should apply If no applicable building code is adopted, themost current version of IBC should be used(2015 or most current edition) For code requirements not related to structureor life-safety (e.g., plumbing), design for thenormal use of a multi-use safe room unlessotherwise directed by ICC 500 or the AHJLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements19Permitting and Code Compliance Before construction begins, all necessary State and local building andother permits should be obtained 2009 or later editions of IBC and IRC incorporate ICC 500 standard byreference– Where these codes are adopted, ICC 500 compliance is triggeredfor storm shelter or safe room construction– A properly designed and constructed FEMA safe room is consideredto be an ICC 500 storm shelter Some communities have chosen to use FEMA P-361 (or even P-320)as an alternate, more restrictive standardLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO2010
Peer Review Both FEMA P-361 and ICC 500 require peer review when:– Safe room is designed for more than 50 occupants– Safe room is in an elementary school, secondary school, or day carecenter and has an occupant load greater than 16– Safe room is in any Risk Category IV building (essential facility) Peer review must include Chapters 3, 5, 6, and 7 of ICC 500 Peer reviewer must be independent registered design professionalLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements21Special Inspections A new requirement in ICC 500 (2014 edition) calls for special inspectionsfor post-installed anchors in hardened concrete and masonry Safe rooms must be installed on foundation that has been designed toresist the loads ICC 500 does have minimum requirements for slabs– 3.5-inch thickness– 6 x 6 – W1.4 x 1.4 welded wire reinforcement, OR No. 4 bars at maxspacing of 18 inches on center However these requirements may not be sufficient, depending on design.Always check loads and design of foundation.Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO2211
Special Inspections (cont.)If special inspection is triggered for post-installed anchors, inspectionmust verify: Post-installed anchor installation and capacity Foundation adequacyConstruction documents must provide: Minimum foundation capacity requirements Shelter installation requirements, including anchor location andminimum required capacity per anchorException to inspection is permitted if the AHJ verifies that anchorageand foundation will comply with requirements If seeking exception, be very transparent with existing conditionsand compliance with designLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements23Installing Safe Room in Existing BuildingOption 1: Verify Slab Below Safe RoomLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO2412
Installing Safe Room in Existing BuildingOption 2: Replace Slab Below Safe RoomLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements25Construction DocumentsConstruction documents should be prepared and maintained for all saferooms, both residential and community. Per ICC 500, they may berequired by the AHJ. Documents should include information required by applicable codes,AHJ, and ICC 500 Section 107 (with P-361 Table B1-1 exceptions) New requirements in Section 107.2.1 of ICC 500-14 include:– Foundation capacity and anchor location and capacity– Rainfall information for hurricane shelters– Calculations for number of sanitation facilities (for community)Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO2613
ICC 500-14 Chapter 3 – Structural DesignCriteria - Outline Section 301: General Section 302: Load Combinations Section 303: Loads Section 304: Wind Loads Section 305: Debris Hazards Section 306: Component Design and Testing Section 307: Weather Protection Section 308: Connection to Foundations or Slabs Section 309: Penetrations of Envelope by Systems and UtilitiesLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements27Structural and Building EnvelopeCharacteristics of Safe Rooms Structural systems are designed for higher wind speeds (andcorresponding greater wind pressures) and larger and more energeticwind-borne missiles than conventional buildings Envelope (roof, walls, and door assemblies) must resist the specifiedwind-borne debris impactsMoore, Oklahoma.1999Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO2814
ICC 500 Section 303Non-Wind Load ConsiderationsModifications required for rain loads, roof live loads, and flood loads(including hydrostatic forces) Rain Loads: Determine per ASCE 7, but for hurricane safe rooms, add6” per hour to ICC 500 Figure 303.2 rates Roof Live Loads: Determine per ASCE 7, but not less than:– 100 psf for tornado safe rooms– 50 psf for hurricane safe rooms– Impact loading from collapse or laydown hazards may need to betaken under specific considerationLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements29ICC 500 Section 303Non-Wind Load Considerations (cont.)Flood Loads: Hydrostatic Loads(ICC 500 Section 303.3)Design underground portions ofsafe room to resist buoyancy andhydrostatic loads assuminggroundwater at surface elevation atentranceSee the Foundation andAnchoring Criteria for SafeRooms Fact Sheet on the saferoom website or ts/112029Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO3015
ICC 500 Section 304.2Design Wind Speeds: Tornado Safe RoomLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements31ICC 500 Section 304.2Design Wind Speed: Hurricane Safe RoomsLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO3216
ContinuousLoad PathLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements33ICC 500 Section 305Debris Hazards All safe room building elementsthat protect the occupantsshould resist impacts fromwind-borne debris Openings for ventilation shouldalso be hardened to resistmissile impact test criteriaOklahoma City, Oklahoma.1999 More detail on debris impactcriteria in Chapter 8Athens, Alabama. 2011Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO3417
Soil Cover as Protection from Debris ImpactLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements35Laydown, Rollover, and Collapse Hazards Designing to representative testmissile impact criteria willproduce safe rooms with roof andwall assemblies capable ofwithstanding some impacts fromslow-moving, large (or heavy)falling debrisJoplin, Missouri. 2011 Impact loading from collapse orlaydown hazards may need to betaken under specificconsiderationGreensburg, Kansas. 2007Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO3618
ICC 500-14 Chapter 4 – Siting – Outline Section 401: Flood Elevation Criteria Section 402: Hazardous Materials Section 403: Siting Proximity for Residential Shelters Section 404: Siting for Community SheltersLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements37Differences between ICC 500 andFEMA P-361 Flood Hazard Siting for CommunityICC 500-20141. Zone V2. FloodwaysException: Item 1 shall notapply where permitted by theBoard of Appeals inaccordance with IBCP-361 (2015)1. Zone V and Coastal AZone2. FloodwaysException: Item 1 shall notapply where permitted by theBoard of Appeals inaccordance with IBC andafter completing the 8-stepdecision-making process asprovided by 44 CFR Part 9.6Red more conservativeBlue less conservativeLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO3819
Differences between ICC 500 andFEMA P-361 Flood Hazard Siting for ResidentialICC 500-2014No siting restrictionsNote: The 2008 edition of ICC 500also did not have flood hazard sitingrestrictions for residential stormsheltersP-361 (2015)1. Zone V and Coastal AZone2. Floodways3. Areas subject toinundation with anymodeled hurricanecategory, including coastalwave effectsRed more conservativeBlue less conservativeLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements39Differences between ICC 500 andFEMA P-361 Flood Hazard Elevation for CommunityICC 500-20141. 0.2% waves2. Highest recorded3. Surge from any hurricaneCategory waves4. Local ordinance5. 1% 2 ft.Exception: Items 1 and 3shall not apply to tornadoonly sheltersP-361 (2015)1. 0.2% waves2. Highest recorded3. Surge from any hurricaneCategory waves4. Local ordinance5. 1% 2 ft.Exception: Item 3 (only) shallnot apply to tornadoonly safe roomsRed more conservativeBlue less conservativeLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO4020
Differences between ICC 500 andFEMA P-361 Flood Hazard Elevation for ResidentialICC 500-20141. 0.2% waves2. Highest recorded3. Any hurricane Category waves4. Local ordinanceException: Items 1 and 3shall not apply to tornadoonly sheltersP-361 (2015)1. 0.2% waves2. Highest recorded3. Not even allowed inhurricane surge areas4. Local ordinance5. 1%Exception: Item 1 (only)shall not apply to tornadoonly safe roomsRed more conservativeBlue less conservativeGreen additional requirementLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements41What to Do When a Flood Study Has NotBeen Completed for Safe Room Site In areas that have no floodhazard study, the elevation of theflood of record should be used If no flood of record has beendocumented, then consult theAHJLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO4221
FEMA Safe Room Quick GuidesQuick guides includes flood elevation and siting criteria for communityand residential safe rooms to be complaint with FEMA P-361 guidance.Linked through FEMA Safe RoomResources website or: Community Safe ments/101965 Residential Safe ments/101967Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements43ICC 500-14 Chapter 5 – Occupancy, Means ofEgress, Access and Accessibility – Outline Section 501: Community Shelters Section 502: Residential Shelters Section 503: Locks and Latching Section 504: Signage for Community SheltersLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO4422
Occupant Density forTornado vs. Hurricane Safe RoomsTornado safe rooms:Hurricane safe rooms: Minimum 2-hour planningduration Minimum 24-hour planningduration Less square footage requiredper occupant More square footage requiredper occupant Fewer non-structuralrequirements More non-structuralrequirements Less warning time for occupantsto get to safe room More warning time foroccupants to get to safe roomLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements45Occupant Density forTornado vs. Hurricane Safe Rooms (cont.)(a) See Section B5.2.1.1 for guidance on minimum usable safe room floor area.Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO4623
Number of Doors The number of doors for a safe room should be determined based onoccupant load for normal occupancy of the space per applicablebuilding code Consider the paths to access the safe room; locate entrances tofacilitate continuous flow of occupants during an emergency– One way to determine the appropriate number of doors is toconsider egress requirements and reverse the flow– Designers have found that sizing hallways and doorways to be equalin width can reduce bottleneck Door swing (inward or outward) depends on applicablebuilding code for normal occupancy of the space Where code requires only one door, an emergency escape is requiredfor safe rooms designed for more than 16 occupantsLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements47Access and Functional Needs Community safe rooms must meet the accessibility requirements of theAmerican with Disabilities Act (ADA) When planning safe rooms that may house occupants with access andfunctional needs, refer to Guidance on Planning for Integration ofFunctional Needs Support Services in General Population Shelters(FEMA, 2010) Requirements for issues such as egress and emergency lighting arediscussed in Chapter 10 of the IBC and NFPA 101 for healthcarefacilities Functional needs planning can affect overall safe room planning—donot ignore it!Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO4824
Community Safe RoomSignage ExamplesIdentifying signEntrance sign withdesign informationLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements49ICC 500-14 Chapter 6 – Fire Safety – Outline Section 601: Fire-Resistant Construction Section 602: Fire ExtinguishersLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO5025
How Fire Safety Requirements ApplySafe rooms should comply with fire protection and life-safetyrequirements of the model building code, the State code, or the localcode where constructed (whichever is more stringent).Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements51Fire SeparationCommunity safe rooms:ICC 500 requires fire barriers andhorizontal assemblies separatingthe safe room from other buildingareas to have a 2-hour minimumfire-resistance rating and tocomply with applicable buildingcodeResidential safe rooms:No requirementsLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO5226
ICC 500-14 Chapter 7 – Essential Featuresand Accessories – Outline Section 701: General Section 702: Tornado Shelters Section 703: Hurricane SheltersLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements53Safe Room Ventilation Ventilation for a safe room should comply with the building code orordinances adopted by the AHJ. If no code is adopted, use the currentedition of IBC or IRC Per ICC 500 Sections 702.1 and 703.1– Tornado safe rooms may be ventilated by natural or mechanicalmeans– All hurricane safe rooms require natural ventilation– Community hurricane safe rooms with more than 50 occupants mustbe also ventilated by mechanical meansLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO5427
Sanitation Management: Tornado Sheltersper ICC 500 Table 702.2Storm Shelter TypeToilet FacilitiesHand-washingFacilitiesResidential, one- and twofamily dwellingsNot requiredNot requiredResidential, other1Not requiredCommunity (50 or feweroccupants)1Not requiredCommunity (more than 50occupants)2 minimum for the first 500occupants and 1 additionalper 500 occupants or portionsthereof 500 occupants1 per 1000occupantsLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements55Sanitation Management Support systems for sanitation facilities must be capable ofsupplying water and containing waste for the design capacity,and should be protected similar to the safe room If the sanitation requirements for a multi-use safe room exceedthe requirements for normal use, then additional facilities caninclude temporary fixtures, chemical toilets, or other meansapproved by the AHJ Best practice is to provide a room or private area where toiletscan be used; a portable screen may sufficeLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO5628
Lighting Lighting per ICC 500 Sections 702.3 and 703.4 Not required for residential safe rooms Community safe rooms (tornado and hurricane) must have emergencylighting systems– Lighting should last for at least the duration of safe room occupancy(2 hours for tornado, 24 hours for hurricane)– Standby power source for lighting is essential;battery-powered systems are good for short durations– Flashlights are permitted for tornado safe rooms with 50 or feweroccupantsLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements57Standby Power Standby power per ICC 500Sections 702.3,703.4, 703.5, and 703.6 Standby power systems andall associated componentsessentialto operation requireprotection from thesafe room design eventSeneca Intermediate School. Seneca, Missouri. 2011Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO5829
ICC 500-14 Chapter 8 – Test Methods forImpact and Pressure Testing – Outline Section 801: General Section 802: Terminology Section 803: Test Specimens Section 804: Missile Impact Testing Section 805: Pressure Testing Section 806: Pressure Testing ProceduresLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements59Debris Impact Test Speeds forTornado Safe RoomsDesign Wind SpeedMissile Speed and Shelter Impact Surface130 mph80 mph Vertical Surfaces53 mph Horizontal Surfaces160 mph84 mph Vertical Surfaces56 mph Horizontal Surfaces200 mph90 mph Vertical Surfaces60 mph Horizontal Surfaces250 mph100 mph Vertical Surfaces67 mph Horizontal SurfacesLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO6030
Wall and Roof Impact Tests No adequate method to model complexityof impacts Test specimen must be the exact design asthe wall or roof that will be used on the saferoom, including:– Type, size, thickness of materials– Type, size, and spacing of fasteners– Configuration of all components For more details, see Wall Sections ThatPassed Previous Missile Impact Tests onFEMA’s safe room evious-missile-impact-testsLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements61Performance of Door Assemblies Door assembly includes:– Door, vision panel, hardware (locks and hinges), frame, and anchorsinto the safe room wall Installed door assembly must be the same type, size, configuration ofmaterials, and swing direction used during testing Assemblies are debris-impact tested on the side of the door facing theexterior of the safe room Assemblies are pressure tested from both sides with positive pressure Residential Safe Room Door Fact Sheet: test in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO6231
Performance of Glazed OpeningAssemblies Glazed opening assembly includes:– Glazing, glazing frame, anchors into the safe room wall Installed glazing assembly must be the same type, size, andconfiguration of materials used during testing Debris-resistant glazing is laminated glass, polycarbonate,or a combination of these materials Glazing is permitted to break during testing provided that:– The missile does not perforate the glazing– The glazing remains attached to the frame– Ejected glass fragments do not perforate the witness screenLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements63Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements64Impact-ProtectiveSystems Impact-protective systems includeshutters, doors, shields, and cowlings Protect openings at louvers, grates,grilles, precast panel joints more than3/8 inch wide, plumbing vents, roofdrains, and emergency generatorexhaust vents Non-operable, permanently affixedshields or cowlings do not need to bepressure tested, but are required to betested for resistance to missile impact2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO32
ICC 500-2014 Chapter 8Test Methods for Impact and PressureTestingLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements65FEMA P-361 Safe Room GuidanceSafe Rooms for Tornadoes andHurricanes: Guidance for Communityand Residential Safe Rooms (2015) Detailed design and construction criteriafor hurricane and tornado safe rooms Community and residential safe rooms Uses ICC 500 as a ReferencedStandard Emergency management considerationsnot found in ICC 500Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO6633
FEMA P-361 ReorganizedDecision Makers and EmergencyManagement ConsiderationsPart A A1: Purpose & Background A2: Extreme-Wind RiskAssessment and Analysis A3: Costs and Benefit-CostAnalysis A4: Operation & MaintenanceConsiderations forCommunity Safe RoomsDesign Professionals(same chapter sequence as ICC 500)Part B B1: Application & Administration B2: Definitions B3: Structural Design B4: Siting B5: Occupancy, Means ofEgress, Access and Accessibility B6: Fire Safety B7: Essential Features &Accessories B8: Test Methods for Impact andPressure TestingFEMA Recommended Criteria that is more conservative than ICC 500 is presentedin a table at the beginning of each chapter and in Appendix DLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements67Summary of Main Differences between ICC500 and FEMA P-361ICC 500 (2014)FEMA P-361 (2015)Residential storm shelters may bedesigned according to ICC 500 windspeed mapsFor ALL residential safe rooms, thedesign wind speed should be 250mph, regardless of location.Slightly less conservative elevationand siting restrictions with respect toflood hazardsSlightly more conservative elevationand siting restrictions with respect toflood hazardsPrepared construction drawings anddetails only when required by theauthority having jurisdictionALL safe rooms require constructiondrawings and detailsFirst aid kits in hurricane stormshelters and tornado storm shelterswith more than 50 occupants (silenton first aid kit size)ALL tornado and hurricane saferooms have first aid kits rated for theoccupancy of the safe roomLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO6834
Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements69FEMA P-320 Safe Room GuidanceTaking Shelter From the Storm: Buildinga Safe Room For Your Home or SmallBusiness (2014) Understanding the Hazards, andAccessing Risks Safe Room Decision Guidance Construction Plans for residential saferooms that hold 16 or fewer occupants Plans based on design criteria inFEMA P-361 and ICC 500Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO7035
FEMA P-320 DrawingsLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements71Safe Room SuccessStoriesLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO7236
QuestionsFor questions pertaining toFEMA safe room guidance publications,please contact the Safe Room Helpline atSaferoom@fema.dhs.govAdditional FEMA Building Science resourcescan be found athttp://www.fema.gov/building-scienceLatest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements2016 ICC Annual Conference Education ProgramsKansas City, MO7337
tornado protection since 1980, in TR-83A FEMA was involved with the development of ICC 500, the first consensus code for storm shelters released in 2008 11 Latest in ICC 500 and FEMA P-361 Requirements FEMA-Funded Safe Room Grants 12 FEMA’s recommended guidance in P-320 and P-361 are r
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Source: ICC 500, Figure 304.2(1) used with permission . Figure 1: Shelter design wind speeds for tornadoes . ICC 500 sets forth requirements for a range of topics related to the design and construction of storm shel
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