Linux Web Solution With Apache, PHP, MySQL, And Ht://Dig

7HFKQLFDO *XLGHNovember 200013T3-1100A-WWENPrepared bydotCOM & Service ProviderSolutionsCompaq Computer Corporation/LQX[ :HE 6ROXWLRQ ZLWK SDFKH 3 3 0\64/ DQGKW 'LJContentsSolution Overview . 5Sizing Considerations . 8Installing and VerifyingComponents . 11Managing an Apache Server . 24Further Reading . 27AbstractOf all the web servers on the market today, Apache is most popularbecause it supplies basic web server functionality right out of thebox. Yet, many customers want a more sophisticated website, onewith SQL database functionality, search capabilities, and server-sidescripting. The complexity and interdependencies of these packagesmake it difficult for independent software vendors, solutiondevelopers, and website administrators to put together a solution.Customizing the Apache server with additional functionality can becomplex on the Linux platform. The solutions for extendingfunctionality are just not obvious.This technical guide demonstrates how to integrate PHP, MySQL,and ht://Dig with the Apache server. Independent software vendors,solution developers, programmers, and website administrators canuse this guide to plan and deploy advanced Apache web servers onthe Linux platform.Send your comments and questions on this solution toactiveanswers support@compaq.com. Please include the DocumentNumber (shown in the upper left corner of this page) in the Subject line ofyour message.

/LQX[ :HE 6ROXWLRQ ZLWK SDFKH 3 3 0\64/ DQG KW 'LJ NoticeThe information in this publication is subject to change without notice and is provided “AS IS” WITHOUTWARRANTY OF ANY KIND. THE ENTIRE RISK ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THISINFORMATION REMAINS WITH RECIPIENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL COMPAQ BE LIABLE FORANY DIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE OR OTHER DAMAGESWHATSOEVER (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESSPROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION OR LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION), EVEN IFCOMPAQ HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.The limited warranties for Compaq products are exclusively set forth in the documentation accompanyingsuch products. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting a further or additional warranty.This publication does not constitute an endorsement of the product or products that were tested. Theconfiguration or configurations tested or described may or may not be the only available solution. This testis not a determination or product quality or correctness, nor does it ensure compliance with any federalstate or local requirements.Compaq, Deskpro, Compaq Insight Manager, Systempro, Systempro/LT, ProLiant, ROMPaq, QVision,SmartStart, NetFlex, QuickFind, PaqFax, and Prosignia are registered with the United States Patent andTrademark Office.ActiveAnswers, Tru64, Netelligent, Systempro/XL, SoftPaq, Fastart, QuickBlank, QuickLock aretrademarks and/or service marks of Compaq Computer Corporation.Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of MicrosoftCorporation.Intel, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation.UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries licensed exclusively throughX/Open Company Ltd.Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.Red Hat, the Red Hat "Shadow Man" logo, RPM, Maximum RPM, the RPM logo, Linux Library,PowerTools, Linux Undercover, RHmember, RHmember More, Rough Cuts, Rawhide and all Red Hatbased trademarks and logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. in the United Statesand other countries.SuSE is a trademark of SuSE Inc.Other product names mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respectivecompanies. 2000 Compaq Computer Corporation.All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A.Linux Web Solution with Apache, PHP, MySQL, and ht://Dig Technical GuidePrepared by dotCOM & Service Provider SolutionsFirst Edition (November 2000)Document Number 13T3-1100A-WWEN13T3-1100A-WWEN

/LQX[ :HE 6ROXWLRQ ZLWK SDFKH 3 3 0\64/ DQG KW 'LJ Table of Contents1 Solution Overview . 51.1 Apache Web Server. 51.2 PHP3 Scripting Language . 51.3 MySQL Database . 61.4 ht://Dig Search Engine. 72 Sizing Considerations. 81.1 Small Configurations. 81.2 Medium Configurations. 91.3 Large Configurations . 103 Installing and Verifying Components . 113.1 Installing the Components . 113.1.1 Installing MySQL . 113.1.2 Installing Apache Server (Phase One) . 123.1.3 Installing PHP3. 133.1.4 Reconfiguring Apache Server (Phase Two) . 143.1.5 Installing ht://Dig Search Engine . 143.1.5.1 Changing the Location of Some Files. 151.1.1.2 Changing the Starting Point for the Search Engine to Find Content. 151.1.1.3 Changing Search Method from HTTP Connections to Entry through the File System . 151.1.6 Building Search Engine Database. 161.2 Verifying the Installation. 161.2.1 Verifying Automatic Boot . 161.2.2 Verifying PHP3 Operation . 161.2.3 Verifying MySQL Support. 181.2.4 Setting Up a MySQL Test Database . 191.2.5 Verifying the PHP3 Connection to MySQL . 201.2.6 Verifying that ht://Dig Is Working . 224 Managing an Apache Server . 244.1 Monitoring the Log Files . 244.2 Monitoring Network Connections. 244.3 Monitoring System Performance . 244.3.1 Status Displays . 244.3.2 Configuration Information . 254.3.3 Monitoring Tools. 254.4 Analyzing Log Files . 265 Further Reading . 2713T3-1100A-WWEN

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/LQX[ :HE 6ROXWLRQ ZLWK SDFKH 3 3 0\64/ DQG KW 'LJ 1 Solution OverviewThis document describes how to install, configure, and deploy a sophisticated Apache website onthe Linux operating system. Such a website includes the powerful, server-side scripting language,PHP3, access to the full-featured SQL database, MySQL and the ht://Dig search engine. All ofthe software packages described in this document are open source applications.What makes open source software so attractive? First of all, it is free. Secondly, you get copies ofthe software source code, which frees you to control the software to meet your short-term andlong-term requirements.The key points of open source software restrictions are that no one: Distributes the product without the source code (or, a list of differences between the modifiedversion and the original) and a copy of all related documentation Charges for the software itself (only for its distribution) Can impose restriction on its distributionFor more information on licensing, refer to the regulations defined by the Open Source Initiativeorganization at: http://www.opensource.org/osd.html.1.1 Apache Web ServerApache is more widely used than all other web servers combined. A survey by Netcraft inSeptember 2000 substantiates this claim. After polling over 21 million sites for web serversoftware usage on Internet-connected computers, they found that over 61% of all Internetwebsites run on the Apache server. (For updates, see http://www.netcraft.com/survey/).Clearly, the Apache Software Foundation is meeting its goal “to provide a secure, efficient, andextensible server that keeps its HTTP services in step with HTTP standards.”The Apache Web Server Project homepage contains versions of the Apache server andcorresponding documentation that you can download. The official website for the Apache Webserver is http://www.apache.org/.Getting Support on ApacheIn addition to online documentation and a list of frequently asked questions, the Apache sitemaintains a number of mailing lists. To receive mail from other Apache developers about codereleases, bug fixes, security fixes, and other information, join one, such as announce@apache.org.Locate the mailing list at http://www.apache.org/announcelist.html.1.2 PHP3 Scripting LanguageThe PHP (originally Personal Home Page) scripting language supports the creation of dynamic,customized websites. With PHP, developers embed scripts within web pages. The web servercalls PHP to perform the script operations, and then the server returns the page to the user.Functionally, PHP and the Microsoft Active Server Page (ASP) scripting language are quitesimilar.13T3-1100A-WWEN

/LQX[ :HE 6ROXWLRQ ZLWK SDFKH 3 3 0\64/ DQG KW 'LJ As Table 1 demonstrates, PHP is rich and flexible software.Table 1. PHP FeaturesPHP supportsMultiple platformsExamplesLinux/Intel, Linux/Alpha, Compaq Tru64 UNIXMicrosoft Windows 95/98/NT and Windows NTMultiple databasesMySQL, Oracle, Informix, Sysbase, and UNIX dbm.E-mail: protocols:IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3)SMTP (Simple Mail Protocol)USENET news protocolNNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol)Miscellaneous features Session-based authentication Graphics library for dynamic image creation Low-level network and socket interfacePHP popularity continues to grow. Many open-source and commercial projects choose PHP as animplementation language for web-based e-mail solutions, database access tools, and shoppingcarts for e-commerce sites, among others. The official PHP website at http://www.php.netpublishes usage statistics it receives from NetCraft. At the current growth rate, as of September2000, there will be in excess of 3.5 million (virtual) servers using PHP. To read a complete list ofprojects, select “Projects” on the PHP website.Getting Support on PHP3In addition to online documentation and a list of frequently asked questions, the PHP sitemaintains a set of mailing lists. As mailing list members learn about the PHP product, they canshare their findings with others on the mailing list. If you prefer a bundled set of information, youcan subscribe to the twice-daily digest. Multiple countries maintain mailing lists; at the time ofthis writing, there are versions in English, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish. For generaldiscussions subscribe to php3@lists.php.net.To subscribe to this or another mailing list, see the PHP3 support page,http://www.php.net/support.php.1.3 MySQL DatabaseMySQL (pronounced “my - S - Q - L”) is a multi-threaded SQL database server with aclient/server implementati

MySQL (pronounced “my - S - Q - L”) is a multi-threaded SQL database server with a client/server implementation. Its speed, robustness, and ease of use make it a popular database for