7130L Series Layer 1 FPGA Switch - Arista Networks
Data SheetProduct HighlightsOverviewPerformanceThe Arista 7130L Series FPGA-enabled devices leverage FPGA technology to enablethe development and deployment of cutting-edge network applications. Availablein 32, 48 or 96 SFP port options, the 7130L Series combines multiple devices inone; performing layer 1 switching in only 5 nanoseconds, enabling unrestrictedaccess to an onboard FPGA and containing an x86 64 server. 7130-32LB: 32x100M/1GbE/10GbE 7130-48L/LB: 48x100M/1GbE/10GbE 7130-96L/LB: 96x100M/1GbE/10GbE Non blocking Nanosecond level L1 forwarding Xilinx Virtex UltraScale FPGA DeterministicAdvanced L1 functionality Signal regeneration Media conversion Port mirroring Telemetry Dynamic patching/link management Layer 1 statistics on every linkCore Features SFP ports capable of 100M-11.3Gbps Full signal recovery & regeneration Bit for bit forwarding for any protocol Layer 1 packet statistics Integrated FPGA for applicationsThe 7130L Series is optimized for Arista’s FPGA-based network applications and canequally be leveraged to run 3rd party partner applications. FPGA applicationdevelopers can utilize the platform to deploy and deliver their performance criticalapps. On top of the market-leading FPGA functionality, the devices combine arange of Layer 1 network functionality on to the same devices: Signal regenerationPort mirroringDynamic patching/link managementAd-hoc tapping without rewiringLayer 1 statistics on every linkMedia conversionTelemetry and moreUltra Low Latency Deterministic ultra low latency 5 ns - 7130-48L/LB, 7130-32LB 6 ns - 7130-96L/LB Less than 100 ps jitter Same latency for 1:N port mirroring Completely non-blockingRedundancy & Data Center Optimized Dual redundant, hot swappable PSU Dual redundant, hot swappable fans AC & DC power options Rear to front or front to rear coolingArista 7130L SeriesFeatureBene tsSimpli ed stackFan-out with 5 ns of latency, equivalent to a single meter ofber or copper interconnect and insigni cant jitter.Media conversionMonitoring Packet statistics on every port Embedded in uxdb database Eye diagram for monitoring/troubleshooting tcpdump for diagnostics on every port LLDP for discovering network topology Full SFP interface diagnostics includinglight levels, temperature & voltageManagement platformfffiflfi Linux based Industry standard CLI JSON RPC API for remote managementfifi7130L Series Layer 1 FPGA SwitchLayer 1 functionalityFeature richEasy app deploymentEnterprise readyReduces costs by converting between di erent media typesrunning at the same rateSave rack space and reduce complexity by leveraging dynamicpatching, tapping, one-to-many replication, telemetry andcomprehensive port statistics on a single device.Avoid the need to build features in-house by leveraging Arista’saccess control, syslog, SNMP, packet stats, tcpdump, JSON RPCAPI, time series data, streaming telemetry and more - includedas standard within the 7130 Series.Streamline operational processes through Arista’s built-inapplication infrastructure which allows developers to wrapapplications into simple packages for deployment.Deploy FPGA applications with ease - the FPGA platformintegrates with a 64-bit x86 management processor and theMOS and/or EOS Operating systems to provide user extensiblesolutions.
7130L Series ApplicationsArista 7130 ApplicationsArista o ers several powerful network applications to transform network infrastructure. These applications enable a complete lifecycleof networking functions, such as packet replication, multiplexing, ltering, timestamping, Layer 2 switching, aggregation and capture.Arista also provides FPGA development kits as well as IP cores to enable organizations to develop and deploy their your own customapplications.ApplicationDevStandardMetaWatch Regenerative TappingLarge scale, lossless tap aggregationMulti-port data captureSub-nanosecond precise timestamping Deep bu ering (32 GB) In-depth network monitoring andvisibility Improved network reliability &troubleshooting problems Market data & packet capture Accurate latency measurement &monitoring Regulatory compliance (MiFID II/RTS 25)MetaMuxL & LBLow-latencymultiplexing Data aggregation in 39nanoseconds Deterministic jitter Packet statistics BGP & PIM support Ultra-low latency network connectivityfor trading Market data fan-out and dataaggregation for order entry atnanosecond levelsMultiAccessL & LBConnectionsharing withenhancedsecurity Low-latency multiplexing andsecurity from 55 nanoseconds ACL-based con gurable ltering Easy to deploy data privacy forconnection sharing Simpli ed footprint for both muxand ltering applications 10/1G Speed Conversion Secure network connection sharing Providing sponsored access to multipleclients Multi tenant exchange access Low latency interconnect sharing Supporting Colo deployments withmultiple concurrent exchangeconnectionsSwitchAppLBLow latencyLayer 2switching 1/10/40G Layer 2 switching,implemented in FPGA Ultra-low latency packet forwardingin 94 -132 ns Full featured L2 switching pipelinepowered by EOS Non-blocking bandwidth pro les toprovide up to 480 Gbps Exchange-facing connectivity L2 Multicast pub/sub Supporting Colo deployments withmultiple concurrent connections Optimised distribution of tra c Low latency back-o ce or message businfrastructurefiAdvancednetworkmonitoringfiL & LBffiUse it for.fiKey FeaturesffiOverviewfifffffifiApplication Comparison for Arista 7130L Series
ctFirewallLKey FeaturesUse it for. Timestamp at the edge of tradingvenue networks Sub-200ns passthrough latency toapply the timestamp Reliable accuracy and timestampprecision Accurately synchronise timestampsbetween multiple ExchangeAppdevices Increase exchange fairness Reduce trading venue latency sensitivity Maintain trade order based on edgetimestamps Reduce complexity and risk of traditionallowlatency exchange infrastructuresLow-latency Architected for ultra-low-latencypacketwith forwarding from 135ltering innanoseconds135 ns Line rate 10GbE packet uni orbidirectional ltering between portpairs Stateless security policy with up to510 rules per ACL Full packet header logging fornoncompliant tra c Low-latency rewall Satisfy InfoSec or regulatory compliancemandates without introducing excessivelatencyEnabling Custom ApplicationsWhile FPGA applications can be challenging to develop, the Arista 7130L makes them easy to deploy. Arista provides a built-inapplication framework allowing developers to wrap applications into simple packages for deployment, streamlining operationalprocesses. Arista development toolkits enable complete and unfettered access to the facilities provided by the in-system FPGAs.ffifiThese are the same APIs and developer kits used by the Arista engineering team to develop and deploy our applications.fifi7130L Series Applications
7130L Series Technical Speci cationsModel AS**7130-96L*/7130-96LS**7130-96LA*/7130-96LAS**48 x SFP 2 x RJ4548 x SFP 2 x RJ4596 x SFP 2 x RJ4596 x SFP 2 x RJ45PortsFPGAXilinx Virtex UltraScale FPGAFPGA ModelDRAMVU7P Speed Grade 232GB DDR32GB DDR32GB DDR32GB DDRSSD Drive BaysNoNoNoNoExternal 3Gbps100M-11.3GbpsLayer 1 Latency5 ns5 ns6 ns6 nsMetaMux Latency43 ns43 ns43 ns43 nsMultiAccess LatencyInternal 10G PortsThroughput55 ns55 ns55 ns55 ProtectYesYesYesYesSwitchAppNoNoNoNoFDK (FPGA Dev Kit)YesYesYesYesVDK (Vitis Dev Kit)NoNoNoNoClockOCXOAtomicOCXOAtomicCPUQuad-Core x86Quad-Core x86Quad-Core x86Quad-Core x868 GB RAM8 GB RAM8 GB RAM8 GB RAM64GB64GB64GB64GBUSB Ports1111100/1000 Mgmt Ports2222PPS Input Ports (5V TTL, 50Ω)1111PPS Output Ports (5V TTL)11111 (RJ-45)1 (RJ-45)1 (RJ-45)1 (RJ-45)22222x22x233YesYesYesYes1U1U2U2USystem MemoryOn-board SSDRS-232 Serial PortsHot-swap Power SuppliesHot-swappable FansReversible Air ow OptionRack UnitsSize (WxHxD)17.6 x 1.7 x 14.9” (44.8 x 4.3 x 37.9 cm)Max Power Draw17.6 x 3.3 x 14.9” (44.8 x 8.7 x 37.9 lbs12kg/26lbsFan 130-2U-R460W AC / 500W AC460W DC / 500W DC460W AC / 500W AC460W DC / 500W DC460W AC / 747W AC460W DC / 1900W DC460W AC / 747W AC460W DC / 1900W DCPower Suppliesfifl*Only available outside of the EU**Available in Q1/Q2 2021
7130L Series Technical Speci cationsModel ComparisonPorts7130-32LB*7130-48LB* /7130-48LBS**7130-48LBA* /7130-48LBAS**7130-96LB* /7130-96LBS**7130-96LBA* /7130-96LBAS**32 x SFP 2 x RJ4548 x SFP 2 x RJ4548 x SFP 2 x RJ4596 x SFP 2 x RJ4596 x SFP 2 x RJ45FPGAXilinx Virtex UltraScale FPGAFPGA ModelDRAMVU9P Speed Grade 332GB DDR32GB DDR32GB DDR32GB DDR32GB DDRSSD Drive BaysYesNoNoNoNoExternal -11.3Gbps100M-11.3Gbps100M-11.3GbpsLayer 1 Latency5 ns5 ns5 ns6 ns6 nsMetaMux Latency39 ns39 ns39 ns39 ns39 nsMultiAccess Latency55 ns55 ns55 ns55 ns55 nsMetaWatchYesYesYesYesYesExchange esYesYesFDK (FPGA Dev Kit)YesYesYesYesYesVDK (Vitis Dev UQuad-Core x86Quad-Core x86Quad-Core x86Quad-Core x86Quad-Core x868 GB RAM8 GB RAM8 GB RAM8 GB RAM8 GB RAM64GB64GB64GB64GB64GBUSB Ports11111100/1000 Mgmt Ports22222PPS Input Ports (5V TTL,50Ω)11111PPS Output Ports (5V TTL)111111 (RJ-45)1 (RJ-45)1 (RJ-45)1 (RJ-45)1 (RJ-45)22222Hot-swappable Fans2x22x22x233Reversible Air ow OptionYesYesYesYesYesRack Units1U1U1U2U2UInternal 10G PortsThroughputSystem MemoryOn-board SSDRS-232 Serial PortsHot-swap Power SuppliesSize (WxHxD)Max Power Draw17.6 x 1.7 x 14.9” (44.8 x 4.3 x 37.9 cm)17.6 x 3.3 x 14.9” (44.8 x 8.7 x 37.9 /20lbs12kg/26lbs12kg/26lbsFan 130-2U-RFAN-7130-2U-FFAN-7130-2U-R460W AC /460W DC460W AC / 500 AC460W DC / 500 DC460W AC / 500 AC460W DC / 500 DC460W AC / 747 AC460W DC / 1900 DC460W AC / 747 AC460W DC / 1900 DCPower Suppliesfifl*Only available outside of the EU**Available in Q1/Q2 2021
7130L Series Physical CharacteristicsStandards ComplianceSupported Optics and CablesInterface TypeSFP ports1000BASE-TRJ4510GBASE-CRSFP to SFP : E-CR4EMCFCC, EN55022, EN61000-3-2, EN61000-3-3 orEN61000-3-11, EN61000-3-12 (as applicable)ImmunityEN55024, EN55035EN300 386SafetyUL/CSA 60950-1, EN 62368-1, IEC 60950-1CB Scheme with all country di erencesCerti cationsNorth America (NRTL)European Union (EU)BSMI (Taiwan)C-Tick (Australia)CCC (PRC)KC (S. Korea)EAC (Eurasian Customs Union)VCCI (Japan)European UnionDirectives2006/95/EC Low Voltage Directive2004/108/EC EMC Directive2011/65/EU RoHS Directive2012/19/EU WEEE DirectiveQSFP / SFP Environmental CharacteristicsOperating Temperature0 to 40 C (32 to 104 F)Relative Humidity10% to 85% non-condensingMaximum Altitude2,000m (6,500ft)Power Supply Speci cationsPower SupplyPWR-460-AC *PWR-460-DC *PWR-500-ACPWR-500-DCPWR-747-ACPWR-1900-DC100-240V AC40-72DC100-240V AC-48 to -60 VDC100-240V AC40-72DCTypical Input Current2.2-5.3A12.8-7.1A11.3A at -48V6.5 -3.2A11.8A Max(-48V)10.0 - 5.0A44A Max(-48V)Input Frequency50/60HzDC50/60HzDC50/60HzDCInput ConnectorIEC 320-C13AWG #14 MaxIEC 320-C13AWG #14 MaxIEC 320-C13AWG #6 Max--93% Platinum90%93% Platinum90%Input VoltageE ciency (Typical)Compatibility7130-32LB, 48L/LA/LB/LBA, 96L/LA/LBfffififfi*Only available outside of Europe7130-48LS/LAS/LBS/LBAS7130-96LS/LAS/LBS/LBAS
7130L Series Ordering Information7130L (S)Product NumberProduct DescriptionDCS-7130-48LS#Arista 7130 Series 48LS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-48LS-FArista 7130 Series 48LS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA, front-to-rear air, 2xACDCS-7130-48LS-RArista 7130 Series 48LS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA, rear-to-front air, 2xACDCS-7130-48LAS#Arista 7130 Series 48LAS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA and Atomic Clock. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-48LAS-FArista 7130 Series 48LAS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA, front-to-rear air, 2xACDCS-7130-48LAS-RArista 7130 Series 48LAS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA, rear-to-front air, 2xACDCS-7130-96LS#Arista 7130 Series 96LS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-96LS-FArista 7130 Series 96LS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA, front-to-rear air, 2xACDCS-7130-96LS-RArista 7130 Series 96LS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA, rear-to-front air, 2xACDCS-7130-96LAS#Arista 7130 Series 96LAS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA and Atomic Clock. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-96LAS-FArista 7130 Series 96LAS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA, front-to-rear air, 2xACDCS-7130-96LAS-RArista 7130 Series 96LAS with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA, rear-to-front air, 2xACDCS-7130-48LBS#Arista 7130 Series 48LBS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-48LBS-FArista 7130 Series 48LBS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA, front-to-rear air, 2xACDCS-7130-48LBS-RArista 7130 Series 48LBS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA, rear-to-front air, 2xACDCS-7130-48LBAS#Arista 7130 Series 48LBAS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA and Atomic Clock. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-48LBAS-FArista 7130 Series 48LBAS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA, front-to-rear air, 2xACDCS-7130-48LBAS-RArista 7130 Series 48LBAS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA, rear-to-front air, 2xACDCS-7130-96LBS#Arista 7130 Series 96LBS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-96LBS-FArista 7130 Series 96LBS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA, front-to-rear air, 2xACDCS-7130-96LBS-RArista 7130 Series 96LBS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA, rear-to-front air, 2xACDCS-7130-96LBAS#Arista 7130 Series 96LBAS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA and Atomic Clock. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-96LBAS-FArista 7130 Series 96LBAS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA, front-to-rear air, 2xACDCS-7130-96LBAS-RArista 7130 Series 96LBAS with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA, rear-to-front air, 2xAC
7130L Series Ordering Information7130L (S)Spare fan module for Arista 7130 Series 2U (rear-to-front air ow)FAN-7130-2U-R#Con gurable fan module for Arista 7130 Series 2U (rear-to-front air ow)PWR-500AC-FSpare 500 Watt AC power supply for Arista 7050X, 7280 and 7130 Switches (front-to-rear air ow)PWR-500AC-RSpare 500 Watt AC power supply for Arista 7050X, 7280 and 7130 Switches (rear-to-front air ow)PWR-500-DC-FSpare 500W DC Power Supply for 7050X, 7280 and 7130 series (front to rear air ow switch)PWR-500-DC-RSpare 500W DC Power Supply for 7050X, 7280 and 7130 series (rear to front air ow switch)PWR-747AC-REDSpare 750 Watt AC power supply for Arista 7280R and 7130 Switches (front-to-rear air ow)PWR-747AC-BLUESpare 750 Watt AC power supply for Arista 7280R and 7130 Switches (rear-to-front air ow)PWR-1900-DC-FSpare 1900W DC power supply for Arista 7000 Series 2U switches (front to rear air ow)PWR-1900-DC-RSpare 1900W DC power supply for Arista 7000 Series 2U switches (rear to front air ow)flFAN-7130-2U-RflCon gurable fan module for Arista 7130 Series 2U (front-to-rear air ow)flFAN-7130-2U-F#flSpare fan module for Arista 7130 Series 2U (front-to-rear air ow)flFAN-7130-2U-FflCon gurable fan module for Arista 7130 Series 1U (rear-to-front air ow)flFAN-7130-1U-R#flSpare fan module for Arista 7130 Series 1U (rear-to-front air ow)flFAN-7130-1U-RflCon gurable fan module for Arista 7130 Series 1U (front-to-rear air ow)flFAN-7130-1U-F#flSpare fan module for Arista 7130 Series 1U (front-to-rear air ow)flFAN-7130-1U-FflProduct DescriptionflProduct NumberflfifififiOptional Components and Spares
7130L Series Ordering Information7130LProduct NumberProduct DescriptionDCS-7130-48L#Arista 7130 Series 48L with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-48LA#Arista 7130 Series 48L with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA and Atomic Clock. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-96L#Arista 7130 Series 96L with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-96LA#Arista 7130 Series 96L with UltraScale VU7P-2 FPGA and Atomic Clock. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-32LB#Arista 7130 Series 32L with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-48LB#Arista 7130 Series 48L with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-48LBA#Arista 7130 Series 48L with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA and Atomic Clock. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-96LB#Arista 7130 Series 96L with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.DCS-7130-96LBA#Arista 7130 Series 96L with UltraScale VU9P-3 FPGA and Atomic Clock. Requires PSU/Fan kit sold separately.Arista 7130 Series 1RU DC PS and Fan Kit Rear to Front (Spare)KIT-7130-2-AC-FAN-RArista 7130 Series 2RU AC PS and Fan Kit Rear to Front (Spare)KIT-7130-2-AC-FAN-FArista 7130 Series 2RU AC PS and Fan Kit Front to Rear (Spare)KIT-7130-2-DC-FAN-RArista 7130 Series 2RU DC PS and Fan Kit Rear to Front (Spare)FAN-7130-1U-FSpare fan module for Arista 7130 Series 1U (front-to-rear air ow)FAN-7130-1U-F#Con gurable fan module for Arista 7130 Series 1U (front-to-rear air ow)FAN-7130-1U-RSpare fan module for Arista 7130 Series 1U (rear-to-front air ow)FAN-7130-1U-R#Con gurable fan module for Arista 7130 Series 1U (rear-to-front air ow)FAN-7130-2U-FSpare fan module for Arista 7130 Series 2U (front-to-rear air ow)FAN-7130-2U-F#Con gurable fan module for Arista 7130 Series 2U (front-to-rear air ow)FAN-7130-2U-RSpare fan module for Arista 7130 Series 2U (rear-to-front air ow)FAN-7130-2U-R#Con gurable fan module for Arista 7130 Series 2U (rear-to-front air ow)flKIT-7130-DC-FAN-RflArista 7130 Series 1RU AC PS and Fan Kit Front to Rear (Spare)flKIT-7130-AC-FAN-FflArista 7130 Series 1RU AC PS and Fan Kit Rear to Front (Spare)flKIT-7130-AC-FAN-RflProduct DescriptionflProduct NumberflfifififiOptional Components and Spares
7130L Series Ordering InformationOptional Components and SparesProduct NumberProduct DescriptionPWR-460AC-FSpare 460 Watt AC PSU for Arista 7124SX, 7050, 7130, 7150 & 7048-A Switches (front-to-rear air ow)PWR-460AC-RSpare 460 Watt AC PSU for Arista 7124SX, 7050, 7130, 7150 & 7048-A Switches (rear-to-front air ow)PWR-460DC-RSpare 460 Watt DC PSU for Arista 7124SX, 7050, 7130, 7150 & 7048-A Switches (rear-to-front air ow)HeadquartersSupportSales5453 Great America ParkwaySanta Clara, California ww.arista.comCopyright 2021 Arista Networks, Inc. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Arista, theArista logo and EOS are trademarks of Arista Networks. Other product or service names may be trademarks or service marksof others.flflflMay, 202104-0031-04
The 7130L Series is optimized for Arista’s FPGA-based network applications and can equally be leveraged to run 3rd party partner applications. FPGA application developers can utilize the platform to deploy and deliver their performance critical apps. On top of the market-leading
In this thesis, FPGA-based simulation and implementation of direct torque control (DTC) of induction motors are studied. DTC is simulated on an FPGA as well as a personal computer. Results prove the FPGA-based simulation to be 12 times faster. Also an experimental setup of DTC is implemented using both FPGA and dSPACE. The FPGA-based design .
FPGA ASIC Trend ASIC NRE Parameter FPGA ASIC Clock frequency Power consumption Form factor Reconfiguration Design security Redesign risk (weighted) Time to market NRE Total Cost FPGA vs. ASIC ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü FPGA Domain ASIC Domain - 11 - 18.05.2012 The Case for FPGAs - FPGA vs. ASIC FPGAs can't beat ASICs when it comes to Low power
Step 1: Replace ASIC RAMs to FPGA RAMs (using CORE Gen. tool) Step 2: ASIC PLLs to FPGA DCM & PLLs (using architecture wizard), also use BUFG/IBUFG for global routing. Step 3: Convert SERDES (Using Chipsync wizard) Step 4: Convert DSP resources to FPGA DSP resources (using FPGA Core gen.)
14 2 FPGA Architectures: An Overview Fig. 2.5 Overview of mesh-based FPGA architecture [22] 2.4.1 Island-Style Routing Architecture Figure2.5 shows a traditional island-style FPGA architecture (also termed as mesh-based FPGA architecture). This is the most common
5.2 Inspection of Structural Adder Using Schematic and fpga editor 5.2.1 Schematics and FPGA layout Now let’s take a look at how the Verilog you wrote mapped to the primitive components on the FPGA. Three levels
FPGA Resource Small FPGA Large FPGA Logic PLBs per FPGA 256 25,920 LUTs and flip -flops per PLB 1 8 System-on-Chip Test ArchitecturesEE141 Ch. 12 - FPGA Testing - P. 15 15 Routing Wire segments per PLB 45 406 PIPs per PLB 139 3,462 Specialized Cores Bits per memory core 128 36,864 Memory cores per FP
I am FPGA novice and want to try classical FPGA design tutorials. I bought perfect modern FPGA board ZYBO (ZYnq BOard) based on Xilinx Z-7010 from Digilent but latest tools from Xilinx VIVADO 2015.2 more focused on AP SoC programming while I want to just pure FPGA de
B. Anatomi dan Fisiologi 1. Anatomi Tulang adalah jaringan yang kuat dan tangguh yang memberi bentuk pada tubuh. Skelet atau kerangka adalah rangkaian tulang yang mendukung dan melindungi organ lunak, terutama dalam tengkorak dan panggul. Tulang membentuk rangka penunjang dan pelindung bagi tubuh dan tempat untuk melekatnya otot-otot yang menggerakan kerangka tubuh. Tulang juga merupakan .
