Sentence Diagramming - Weebly
CHAPTER·SentenceDiagramming1.0 Written and OralEnglish LanguageConventionsStudents write andspeak with a commandof standard English conventions appropriate tothis grade level.The Sentence DiagramA sentence diagram is a picture of how the parts of a sentencefit together. It shows how the words in the sentence are related.Subjects and VerbsReference NoteI For information onsubjects and verbs,see Chapter 1.To diagram a sentence, first find the simple subject and the verb(simple predicate), and write them on a horizontal line. Then,separate them with a vertical line.EXAMPLESThe reporter dashed to the fire.reporterdashedHave you been studying?youIHave been studyingNotice that a diagram shows the capitalization but not thepunctuation of a sentence.472Sentence Diagramming
Understood SubjectsTo diagram an imperative sentence, place the understood subjectyou in parentheses on the horizontal line.EXAMPLEReference NoteI For information onunderstood subjects,Listen to the beautiful music.see page 19.I Listen(you)Exercise 1 -- Diagramming Simple Subjects and VerbsDiagram only the simple subjects and the verbs in the followingsentences.EXAMPLE1. Midas is a character in Greek mythology.MidasIis1. Midas ruled the kingdom of Phrygia.2. One of the gods gave Midas the power to turn anythinginto gold.3. Soon this gift became a curse.4. Do you know why?5. Read the story of King Midas in a mythology book.Compound SubjectsEXAMPLESVines and weeds grew over the old well.Reference NoteI For information onVinescompound subjects,1 a.grewsee page 15.weedsEither Daphne or Teresa plans to report on Thailand.DaphneIo : plans., 1 11 Teresa1 .,The Sentence Diagram473
Compound VerbsReference NoteEXAMPLEWe ran to the corner and barely caught the bus.I For information onrancompound verbs,see page 16.IWel flJI :::::II Q.caughtCompound Subjects and Compound VerbsEXAMPLEKen and LaDonna dived into the water and swamacross the pool.KendivedIIl llJl llJI :::::II Q.I :::::II Q.La DonnaExercise 2swamDiagramming Compound Subjectsand Compound VerbsDiagram the subjects and the verbs in the following sentences.EXAMPLE1. Nikki and Chris chopped the cilantro and added it tothe salsa.choppedNikkiIChris.Il llJl llJI :::::II Q.I :::::II Q.IIadded1. Mr. Carrington collects aluminum cans and returns themfor recycling.2. The students and the faculty combined their efforts anddefeated the proposal.3. The plClne circled above the landing field but did not descend.4. Pencil and paper are needed for tomorrow's math assignment.5. Angela and her costar prepared for the scene.474Sentence Diagramming
Adjectives and AdverbsReference NoteBoth adjectives and adverbs are written on slanted lines belowthe words they modify.I For information onadjectives and adverbs,see page 38 andpage 61.AdjectivesEXAMPLESbright stara special personstarperson her favorite class .vJ HELP Possessivenouns and pronouns arediagrammed in the sameway adjectives are.Two or more adjectives joined by a connecting word arediagrammed this way:EXAMPLEExercise 3a lovely and quiet placeDiagramming AdjectivesDiagram the following word groups.EXAMPLE1. that old clockclock "'1. mighty warrior2. long, exciting movie3. my final offer4. short and funny story5. the slow but persistent turtleThe Sentence Diagram475
Reference NoteAdverbsI For information onEXAMPLESadverbs, see page 61.studies harddoes not exercise dailystudiesdoes exercise When an adverb modifies an adjective or another adverb, itis placed on a line connected to the word it modifies.EXAMPLESextremely strong windtried rather hardtriedwind.s: :1.- .'Exercise 4;9 Diagramming AdverbsDiagram the following word groups.EXAMPLE1. very seldom breaksbreaks1. answered quickly2.3.4.5.listened quite intentlydangerously sharp curvemay possibly happennever plans very carefullyReview ADiagramming Sentences That ContainAdjectives and AdverbsDiagram the following sentences.EXAMPLE476Sentence Diagramming1. The blue car quickly swerved left.
I.2.3.4.5.Our turn finally came.We are definitely leaving tomorrow.The anxious motorist drove too fast.The shutters rattled quite noisily.The new car had not been damaged badly.ObjectsReference NoteI For information onDirect Objectsobjects, see page 81.A direct object is diagrammed on the horizontal line with thesubject and verb. A vertical line separates the direct object fromthe verb. Notice that this vertical line does not cross the horizontal line.EXAMPLEReference NoteI For information ondirect objects, seepage 81 .The rain cleaned the street.rain Compound Direct ObjectsEXAMPLEWe sold lemonade and oranges.lemonadeWeI QjReference NoteI For information oncompound directobjects, see page 82.I :JIQ.orangesIndirect ObjectsTo diagram an indirect object, write it on a short horizontal linebelow the verb. Connect the indirect object to the verb by aslanted line.EXAMPLEThe artist showed me his painting.Reference NoteI For information onindirect objects,see page 83.painting i-The Sentence Diagram477
Compound Indirect ObjectsReference NoteEXAMPLEThe company gave Jean and Corey summer jobs.I For information oncompound indirectobjects, see page 83.JeanII OJI :J1 0.CoreyExercise 5Diagramming Sentences That ContainDired Objeds and Indirect Objeds HELP Diagram the following sentences.Some sentencesin Exercise 5 do notcontain an indirect object.EXAMPLE1. They gave her a present.They1. The judges awarded the prizes.2. Cara's sister taught her the rules.3. The cashier handed the children balloons.4. Placido Domingo signed photographs and programs.5. Snow gives motorists and pedestrians trouble.Subject ComplementsReference NoteI For information onsubject complements,see page 85.A subject complement is placed on the horizontal line with thesimple subject and the verb. The subject complement comesafter the verb and is separated from it by a line slanting towardthe subject. This slanted line shows that the complement refersto the subject.Reference NotePredicate NominativesI For information onEXAMPLEpredicate nominatives,see page 85.William Least Heat-Moon is an author.William Least Heat-Moon ; ).,478Sentence Diagramming
Compound Predicate NominativesEXAMPLEReference NoteI For information onThe contestants are Joan and Dean.Joancompound predicatenominatives, seepage 86.contestantsI OJI ::JI Q. DeanPredicate AdjectivesEXAMPLEReference NoteI For information onThe river looked deep.predicate adjectives,see page 87.deepCompound Predicate AdjectivesEXAMPLEReference NoteI For information onThis Chinese soup tastes hot and spicy.hotcompound predicateadjectives, see page 87.II OJII::::IQ.spicyExercise 6Diagramming Sentences That ContainSubject ComplementsDiagram the following sentences.EXAMPLE1. Some dogs are good companions.companions-.9oo0'1. My shoes looked dusty.2. Sir Francis Drake was a brave explorer.3. The air grew cold and damp.4. The chimpanzees seemed tired but happy.5. My favorite months are September and May.The Sentence Diagram479
Review BDiagramming Sentences That ContainComplementsDiagram the following sentences.EXAMPLE1. That cockatiel is friendly.cockatielisfriendly Q)I'1. Her mother was an airplane mechanic.2. Don and Maria rehearsed their parts.3. The legend's origin remains mysterious and strange.4. My favorite Mexican foods are empanadas and enchiladas.5. The girls made themselves bracelets and necklaces.PhrasesReference NoteI For information onphrases, see Chapter 5.Prepositional PhrasesFor information onPrepositional phrases are diagrammed below the word or wordgroup they modify. Write the preposition that introduces thephrase on a line slanting down from the modified word. Then,write the object of the preposition on a horizontal line extending from the slanting line.prepositionalphrases, see page 96.Adjective PhrasesReference NoteI For information onadjective phrases, seeEXAMPLESpaintings by famous artistspage 97.artists 0v,rcloth from Costa Rica and GuatemalaclothCosta Rica 00II QII ::JI aII480Sentence DiagrammingGuatemala
Adverb PhrasesEXAMPLESReference NoteI For information onwalked along the roadadverb phrases, seepage 99.walkedc;1,'?9road0 went with Hollis and DavewentHollis II OJI :::JIc.IDaveWhen a prepositional phrase modifies the object of anotherprepositional phrase, the diagram looks like this:EXAMPLEcamped on the side of a mountaincampedo ,side0 mountainExercise 7 Diagramming Prepositional PhrasesDiagram the following word groups.EXAMPLE1. drove through the Maine woodsdrove0,.0 woods1. invited to the celebrations2. a glimpse of the famous rulerThe Sentence Diagram481
3. one of the people in the room4. drove to a village near Paris5. wrote about the Vietnamese and their historyReview CDiagramming Sentences That ContainPrepositional PhrasesDiagram the following sentences.EXAMPLE1. The steep slopes of the mountains are coveredwith forests.are coveredmountains forests0(')1. The number of whales decreases annually.2. Hundreds of animal species are being protected by concernedcitizens.3. Citrus fruits are grown in California and Florida.4. Many historic events have been decided by sudden changes inthe weather.5. The defeat of the Spanish Armada resulted from a violentocean storm.Verbals and Verbal PhrasesReference NoteI For information onverbals and verbalphrases, see page 101.Participles and Participial PhrasesParticiples are diagrammed differently from other adjectives.EXAMPLEJose comforted the crying baby.Josecomforted ng482Sentence Diagramming
Participial phrases are diagrammed as follows:EXAMPLEReference NoteShaking the manager's hand, Teresa accepted hernew job.I For information onparticiples and participial phrases, seepages 101 and 102.accepted,(I) Notice that the participle has a direct object (hand) , which isdiagrammed in the same way that the direct object of a mainverb is.Gerunds and Gerund PhrasesEXAMPLESI enjoy swimming. [gerund used as direct object]Reference NoteI For information onSWitrJ0.gerunds and gerundphrases, see pages 105llIIenjoy6and 106.IBeing slightly ill is no excuse for missing two daysof piano practice. [Gerund phrases used as subject andas object of preposition. The first gerund has a subjectcomplement (ill); the second gerund has a direct object(days) .]illJ''& 0 "0,.dayst o . .,.------The Sentence Diagram483
Infinitives and Infinitive PhrasesEXAMPLESTo write is her ambition. [infinitive used as subject]Reference Note1 I For information onwriteinfinitives and infinitive phrases, seepages 108 and 109.He was the first one to solve that tricky problem.[infinitive phrase used as adjective]HewasonesolveMarge was hoping to go with us. [infinitive phraseused as direct object]usMargewas hopingShe called to invite us over. [infinitive phrase usedas adverb]SheI calledtoinviteot:. 484Sentence Diagrammingus
Exercise 8Diagramming Sentences That ContainVerbals and Verbal PhrasesDiagram the following sentences.EXAMPLE1.2.3.4.5.1. I heard them laughing.Taking that shortcut will cut several minutes off the trip.I want to watch television tonight.That is my cat licking its paws.Checking the time, Wynetta rushed to the gym.Did he go to the store to buy oranges?Appositives and Appositive PhrasesTo diagram an appositive or an appositive phrase, write theappositive in parentheses after the word it identifies.EXAMPLESOur cousin lola is a chemical engineer.Reference NoteI For information onappositives and appositive phrases, seepage 112.Jerry Seinfeld, the popular comedian, is also theauthor of a bestselling book.The Sentence Diagram485
Subordinate ClausesReference NoteAdjective ClausesI For information onDiagram an adjective clause by connecting it with a broken lineto the word it modifies. Draw the broken line between the relative pronoun and the word to which it relates.adjective clauses, seepage 124.EXAMPLE HELP The grade that I got yesterday pleased my parents.gradeThe relativepronouns are who, whom,whose, which, and that. th'atReference NoteI For information on.J- .r '!relative pronouns,see page 124. .Q:?t- TE A relative pronoun relates an adjective clause to the wordthe clause modifies. The relative pronouns are that, which, who,whom, and whose.NAdverb ClausesReference NoteI For information onadverb clauses,see page 127.Diagram an adverb clause by using a broken line to connect theadverb clause to the word it modifies. Place the subordinatingconjunction that introduces the adverb clause on the broken line.EXAMPLEWhen I got home from school, I ate an apple.' f- r' :::§:' :::r-' roapple I ::Jschool?! EAn adverb clause is introduced by a subordinating conjunction. Some common subordinating conjunctions include because,before, since, though, and whether.Nr486Sentence Diagramming
Noun ClausesDiagram a noun clause by connecting it to the independentclause with a solid line.EXAMPLEOlivia knew what she wanted. [The noun clause is thedirect object of the independent clause. The word whatis the direct object in the noun clause.]Reference Notel For information onnoun clauses,see page 130.whatOliviaWhen the introductory word of the noun clause does nothave a specific function in the noun clause, the sentence is diagrammed in this way:EXAMPLEThe problem is that they lost the map. [The nounclause is the predicate nominative of the independentclause. The word that has no function in the nounclause.]thatExercise 9Diagramming Sentences That ContainSubordinate ClausesDiagram the sentences on the following page.EXAMPLE1. The box that contained the treasure was wooden.woodenthatcontainedtreasure0(QThe Sentence Diagram487
1. The test that we took on Friday was hard.2. If I had not studied on Thursday night, I could not haveanswered half of the questions.3. Our teacher announced what would be on the test.4. Several friends of mine were not paying attention when theteacher gave the assignment.5. Some of them did not know what they should study and areworried now about their grades.Sentences Classified Accordingto StructureReference NoteSimple SentencesI For information onsimple sentences, seeEXAMPLEpage 140.Tracy is building a birdhouse in industrial arts class. [oneindependent clause]birdhouseTracy O&.r . / 1}Reference NoteI For information onCompound Sentencescompound sentences,see page 142.The second independent clause in a compound sentence is diagrammed below the first and is joined to it by a coordinatingconjunction.EXAMPLEDarnell threw a good pass, but Clay did not catch it.[two independent clauses]Darnell.9o00'Clay488Sentence Diagrammingit
Exercise 10 Diagramming Compound SentencesDiagram the following compound sentences.Reference NoteEXAMPLEI For information about1. A strange dog chased us, but the owner came toour rescue.coordinating conjunctions, see page 69.us 'orescue1. I want a motorboat, but Jan prefers a sailboat.2. The bus stopped at the restaurant, and all of the passengerswent inside.3. Our club is very small, but it is growing.4. Shall we meet you at the station, or will you take a taxi?5. In Arizona the temperature is often high, but the humidityalways remains low.Complex SentencesReference NoteEXAMPLEI For information onBefore they left the museum, Lester and Jessica visitedthe exhibit of masks from Nigeria and the Ivory Coast.[one subordinate clause and one independent clause]complex sentences,see page 145.LesterJessicaNigeria1' ' 9', II QJI ::::::I',"' 91 0.''theyIvory Coast0 9The Sentence Diagram489
Diagramming Complex SentencesExercise 11Diagram the following complex sentences.EXAMPLE1. As night fell, the storm grew worse.worse'' .:-s'.r'nightI f ll1. One book that has won a Pulitzer Prize is Pilgrim atTinker Creek.2. Go whenever you like.3. The satellite will be launched if the weather remains good.4. The knight in black armor fought whoever would challengehim.5. Alexander the Great, who conquered most of the knownworld, died at the age of thirty-three.Compound-Complex SentencesHamako, whose father is a musician, studies piano, buther cousin Akio prefers to play tennis. [two independentclauses and one subordinate clause]EXAMPLEReference NoteI For information oncompound-complexsentences, see page 147.HamakostudiesJpiano////fatherbut/tennis/'z,-1 //O,r\9cousin (Akio) (9.490Sentence Diagramming
Review DDiagramming SentencesDiagram the following sentences.EXAMPLE1. The room that Carrie painted had been white, butshe changed the color.room '/(' CarrieIpaintedhad beenwhite','''''thatbutshe1. Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo were two important Mexicanartists of the twentieth century.2. Mom wanted to fly to Utah, but Dad and I wanteq to drivethere.3. Our new neighbors, the Chens, come from Taiwan, which isan island off the coast of China.4. For my report, I wrote about Katherine Anne Porter andEudora Welty.5. When I returned to the store, the purple shirt had been sold,so I bought the blue one.The Sentence Diagram491
Sentence Diagramming The Sentence Diagram A sentence diagram is a picture of how the parts of a sentence fit together. It shows how the words in the sentence are related. Subjects and Verbs To diagram a sentence, first find the simple subject and the verb (simp
A. Compound sentence B. Complex sentence C. Simple sentence D. Compound complex sentence 13. The students left the classroom although their teacher told them not to. A. Simple sentence B. Compound complex sentence C. Compound sentence D. Complex sentence 14. Five of the children in my
Dec 21, 2009 · In class, Fuller would create handouts of sentence diagrams so that as he lectured from a corresponding overhead, his students could take notes. Students in Fuller’s courses began to share his typed, mimeograph handouts more widely, since Fuller later learned that his method of sentence diagramming had been adopted at Dallas Theological Seminary.
document, after the diagrams. The first of those appendixes is a primer on Greek sentence diagramming written for Biblical Viewpoint (the former journal of the School of Religion of Bob Jones University), the second presents a detailed description of the diagramming policies followed in the preparation of these diagrams, and the third
Sentence structure is the grammatical arrangement of words in a sentence . Each structure results in a different type of sentence . Read the chart below . Sentence Type Definition Example simple a sentence consisting of one independent clause, or a clause that can stand on its own as a sentence Talia is a great soccer player . compound a .
Sentence Basics The subject of the sentence is the person . When a sentence has a compound subject and/or verb, the sentence baseline is split in two –resembling a meat fork. . Gerunds plug into the diagram in the same place a regular noun would. Gerunds are placed on top of a pedestal. verb.
Diagramming Sentences . 77 . 6. Conjunctions appear as dashed lines connecting parallel elements. Joh . and . I ' love o ball . Tim . I . 7. Dashed lines also connect clauses to the main sentence elements that
Exercise 1 --Diagramming Simple Subjects and Verbs Diagram only the simple subjects and the verbs in the following sentences. EXAMPLE 1. Midas is a character in Greek mythology. Midas I is 1. Midas ruled the kingdom of Phrygia. 2. One of the gods gave Midas the power to turn anything into gold. 3. Soon this gift became a curse. 4. Do you know .
A digital concrete hammer, model 58-C181/F, made by Controls with an impact energy of 2.207 joules was used. This model complies with the following stan-dards: ASTM C 805, UNI 9189-88, BS 1881, NF P18-417, DIN 1048, ISO/DIN 8045. A well-calibrated ham-mer of these standards is expected to generate the same readings as presented here. Hammer readings were determined on samples of the following .
