APPROACHES TO SUCCEED COMPETITIVE EXAMS
APPROACHES TO SUCCEED INCOMPETITIVE EXAMSPROF.A.BALASUBRAMANIANFormer Dean, Fac. of Sci.&Technology, University of Mysore
EXAM PREPARATIONTIPS
“Winners focus on winning, losersfocus on winners” — Michael Phelps
How Can We Stay Focused In ThisCompetitive World?
Facing the competitive world Challenging TaskRequires lengthy home workNeeds thorough preparationStudy of Multidisciplinary subject areasDetailed study for prescribed syllabusContents in long term memoryPractice tests/ Mock testsCyclic events, prepare and perform
Self Management vs TimeManagement Ensure that you set targets which you canachieve. Manage your schedule in a manner thatsufficient time can be dedicated to thepreparation.
Do these for your benefit Attend Online/ Offline Classes Regularly Revise on a Daily Basis Solve Time-Bound Exercises, Mock Tests &Model Papers Raise Doubts or Questions if any Choose Coaching/ Institutes/ Teachers Wisely Get Your Concepts Clear Focus Solve Previous Year Question Papers
What needs to be done? Interests, preparations, performance Aptitudes and abilities are imp. Identify the top career interest areas based on your interests,values, and self-image, and consider the possible ones Self-Assessment & your career interests. 3000 designated jobs are there in the world. Each individual tends to prefer only a few jobs ( he/she maythink of going to these)
TAKE CARE: Do it smart- work hard, study 6 hours ormore every day, read many books selectively, make short notes, take mock tests Start early- preparations once you decide See old questions, try to solve them Make it as a routine work- chart Prepare once- write all
Do it Read, Read, ReadWrite notesTake guidanceGet, set, goBe confidentRead newspapersPhysical Exercises
Avoid Multi-taskingLoss of concentrationDistractionsMoving aroundLoss of sleepUnhygienic foodOvereating/ starvingTension
Listening Skills ability to accurately receive and interpretmessages in the communication process. Listening is key to all effective communication.Without the ability to listen effectively,messages are easily misunderstood. Active listening Passive Listening(?)
Listening In fact, listening is just as important asspeaking. Being a good listener helps solve problems,resolve conflicts, and improve relationships. In the workplace, effective listeningcontributes to fewer errors, less wasted time,and improved accuracy. Effective listening helps build friendships andcareers.
Long term Memory Long term Memory - is anything you remember thathappened more than a few minutes ago. Long-term memories aren’t all of equal strength. Stronger memories enable you to recall an event,procedure, or fact on demand—for example, that Paris isthe capital of France. Weaker memories often come to mind only throughprompting or reminding. Declarative memory is the aspect of human memory thatstores facts. It is so called because it refers to memories that can beconsciously discussed, or declared. It applies to standard textbook learning and knowledge
Boost your Memory power Practice Mindfulness, Train Your Brain Types of Memory- Sensory memory is the abilityto retain impressions of sensory information afterthe original stimulus has ceased. Short-term memory—closely related to“working” memory—is the very short time thatyou keep something in mind before eitherdismissing it or transferring it to long-termmemory.
Notes taking Use all sourcesUnderstand and take notesLinear notes( headings, sub-headings, points)Pattern notes- write the topic at the centre ofthe page, use key words as radiating items,add extra items, indicate links
Skeleton Prose This is the most common form of note taking. Notes are structured as a sequence ofnumbered points and paragraphs, withheadings and indentations - a little like anessay plan.
How to Take Notes summarise - be concisebe as neat as possibleuse headings and numbered pointsuse abbreviations/shorthand (but spell outpersonal or place names legibly) leave spaces in between your notes (foramendments and additions)
Taking Notes from Written Material When taking notes from written material wehave to do the following: Identify the main points in a paragraph. Transform the main points into note form. Show how these main points are linked.
Test Taking Strategies 1. Be prepared, Maintain a positive attitude 2. Always arrive early and take a moment to relax 3. Listen attentively to last minute instructionsgiven by the instructor 4. Read the test directions very carefully andwatch for details 5. Plan how you will use the allotted time 6.Answer all the expected number of questions 7. Plan to finish early and have time for review
Questions and Types MCQSMatch the followingFill up the blanksConnect two parts of a sentence withappropriate words Find out the errors in a sentence Logical orders Jumbled words
Extensive knowledge onEnglish Vocabulary 40000 wordsOne word substitutesSynonyms / antonymsIdioms and PhrasesIndirect/ Indirect speechesSpotting errorsComprehension paragraphs
One competitive exam 25NumericalAbility2525GK & Current25Affairs25EnglishLanguage2525Insurance andFinancial50Marketing50TimePaper IPaper IIPaper III2 hours
Another exam 5035Logical Reasoning505035General Awareness505015Numerical Abilityand QuantitativeAbility200200120Total200200120
Yet another exam patternSectionsNo. ofQuesTotalMarksMinimum QualifyingMarksSC/ST/PwBDOthersDurationReasoning Ability &Computer Aptitude4040141630 minGeneral/ FinancialAwareness4040141630 minQuantitative Aptitude4040141630 minEnglish Language4040141630 minHindi Language4040141630 minTotal2002002 h 30 min
SectionsNo. ofQuesTotalMarksMinimum QualifyingDurationMarksSC/ST/PwBD OthersReasoning Ability &Computer Aptitude6060222440 minGeneral/ FinancialAwareness5050181635 minQuantitative Aptitude5050182040 minEnglish Language4040141635 minTotal2002002 h 30 min
English Syllabus – SBI PO PrelimsTopicsExpected Number of QuestionsReading Comprehension10-15Cloze Test10Fill in the blanks0-5Multiple meaning/error solving0-5Paragraph/Sentence Correction5-10Para Jumbles5Jumbled Sentences5Word Association/Vocabulary5Active/Passive Voice1-5
UPSC Prelims Subject Wise Marks DistributionTopics CoveredNumber of Questions Total MarksCurrent Affairs1428Geography1224Indian Economy1326Environment1326Polity1224General Science and Tech918History1326Art and Culture510
CSAT paper UPSC CS Prelims: Reading Comprehension,Reasoning and Quantitative Aptitude
Difficulty LevelIAS Prelims CSAT GS Paper-II 2019 Exam ortant TopicsDifficulty Level32DifficultLogical Reasoning otal30Moderate00----------80Moderate toDifficult
CSAT Trend Analysis 2011-2020Year\TopicsMath &BasicnumeracyLogical &AnalyticalreasoningReadingDecisioncomprehensi 7282230002018182226014201932183000202042122600
Reasoning and General Intelligence Analogy The meaning of analogy is ‘similar properties’or similarity. If an object or word or digit oractivity shows any similarity with anotherobject or word or digit or activity in terms ofproperties, type, shape, size, trait etc., thenthe particular similarity will be called analogy.For example, cricket: ground and chess: tableare the analogous pairs
Numerical ability Basic computational skillsCounting and calculationsUnderstanding the purpose of mathematicsDiagrams/ Charts/ Trend graphTabulated data interpretation.ArraysAdvanced calculations
Analogy The meaning of analogy is ‘similar properties’or similarity. If an object or word or digit or activity showsany similarity with another object or word ordigit or activity in terms of properties, type,shape, size, trait etc., then the particularsimilarity will be called analogy. For example, cricket: ground and chess: tableare the analogous pairs
TYPES OF ANALOGY Tool & object based analogy: This establishes a relationship between a tooland the object in which it works. Similar relations have to be discovered fromanswer choices.
Examples: Tool & object perClothWoodPaper
Synonym based analogy: In such type of analogy two words havesimilar SlimBenevolent:KindNotion:IdeaHuge:Big
Worker & tool based analogy: This establishes a relationship between aparticular tool and the person of thatparticular profession who uses that :::::PenBrushBatHammerScissorsGun
Worker & product based analogy: This type of analogy; gives a relationshipbetween a person of particular profession andhis/her :SongPoet:PoemJournalist:News
Cause & effect based analogy: In such type of analogy, 1st word acts and the2nd word is the effect of that action.Work: TirednessBath: FreshnessRace: FatigueShoot: Kill
Opposite relationship (Antonym)based analogy: In such type of analogy the two words of thequestion pair at opposite in meaning. Similarrelations has to be discovered from theanswer choice word rkAvoid:Meet
Gender based analogy: In such type of analogy, one word is masculineand another word is feminine of it In fact, it a‘male and female’ or ‘gender’ ceCowDrake
Classification based analogy: This type of analogy is based on biological,physical, chemical or any other classification.In such problems the 1st word may beclassified by the 2ndword and alHumanGasLiquidReptileBird
Function based analogy: In such type of analogy, 2nd word describesthe function of the :Operates
Quantity and unit based analogy: In such type of analogy 2ndword is the unit ofthe first word and vice-versa.Distance:MileMass:KilogramLength:Meter
Finished product & raw materialbased analogy: In such type of analogy the 1stword is the rawmaterial and 2ndword is the end product ofthat raw material and cCurdBreadRubberWineJuice
Utility based analogy: In such type of analogy the 2ndword shows thepurpose of the 1stword or SleepingBat:Playing
Symbolic relationship based analogy: In such type of analogy, the 1st word is thesymbol of the 2ndword and vice-versaWhite:PeaceRed:DangerBlack:SorrowRed cross:HospitalSwastika:Fortune
Adult & young one based analogy: In such type of analogy, the 1stword is theadult one and 2nd word is the young one ofthe 1stword or vice-versa.Cow:CalfHuman:ChildDog:PuppyDuck:Duck ling
Subject & specialist based analogy: In such type of analogy the 2nd word is thespecialist of 1stword (subject) or vice-versa.Heart:CardiologistSkin:Dermatologist
Habit based analogy:In this type of analogy 2nd word isthe habit of 1stand ivorousGoat:Herbivorous
Instrument and measurement basedanalogy: We see in this type of analogy, the 1st word isthe instrument to measure the 2nd word Thermometer:TemperatureSphygmomanometer :Blood pressure
Individual & group based analogy: Second word is the group of 1stword (or viceversa) in such type of us
State & capital based analogy: 1stword is the state and 2ndword is the capitalof that state (1stword) (or vice-versa) in theanalogy like this.Bihar:PatnaWest Bengal :KolkataMaharashtra :MumbaiKarnatakaBengaluru:
Analogy based on individual &dwelling place: In such type of analogy 1st word is theindividual & 2ndword is the dwelling place ofthat individual (1st word) and vice- onk:MonasteryHuman:House
Analogy based on worker andworking place: In this type of analogy the 1stword representsa person of particular profession and 2ndwordrepresents the working place of that person(1stword) and Professor:CollegeTeacher:School
Analogy based on topic study: 1stword is the study of the 2ndword (or viceversa) in the analogy like this.Birds:OrnithologyEarth quakes :SeismologyEggsZoology:
Analogy based on letters (ormeaningless words) Case I: (Forward alphabetical sequence) Examples: CD: FG:: PQ: UV Here CD and FG are in the natural alphabeticalsequence. Similarly, PQ & UV are inthe natural alphabetical sequence.
Backward or opposite alphabeticalsequence Case II: (Backward or opposite alphabeticalsequence) Example: DC: GF: QP: VU In fact this case is opposite of case I Case III: (Vowel — consonant relation) Example: ATL: EVX: IPR: ORS Here, the 1sttwo words start with the 1sttwovowels A & E and the next two words start withthe next two vowels I &. O. Last two letter ofevery word are consonants.
Skip letter relation Case IV: (Skip letter relation) Example: ABC: FGH:: IJK: NOP Here between ABC & FGH two lettersskip and they are D & E. Similarly,between IJK & NOP two letters skipand they are L&M.
Case V: (Jumbled letters relation) Example: LAIN : NAIL :: EVOL : LOVE Here the 1st term gets reversed to produce the2nd term and similar relation is shown in between3rd and 4th term. ABCD : OPQR :: WXYZ : KLMN In (ii) each letter of the 1stgroup ‘ABCD’ is movedfourteen steps forward to obtain thecorresponding letter of the 2ndgroup ‘OPQR’. A similar relation is established between the thirdgroup ‘WXYZ’ and the fourth group ‘KLMN.’
Format of the questions EXAMPLE 1. Lion is to flesh as cow is to (a) snake(b) grass (c) worm(d) animal Sol. Lion eats flesh, similarly, cow eatsgrass. Hence option (b) is the rightanswer.
EXAMPLE 2. Pen: Writer: : .Batsman (a) Brush(b) Fighter (c) Stick(d) Bat Sol. Option (d) is the correct answerbecause a writer uses pen to write andsimilarly abatsman uses bat to play.
EXAMPLE 3.Bulky: Fat: : Happiness: ? (a) Bad(b) Ugly (c) Joy(d) Sorrow Sol. (c) is the correct option because‘Bulky’ is the synonym of‘Fat’ andsimilarly ‘Happiness’ is the synonym of‘joy’.
EXAMPLE 4. NCDP: ODEQ:: .MPRO (a) LOQN(b) NQOL (c) OQNL(d) QNOL Sol. Option (a) is the correct answer as lettersof 1st term go one step forward to be the2ndterm. Similarly, the letters of 3rdterm will goone step forward to be the 4thterm (Letters ofstep go one step backward to be the 3rdterm).
Examine the following statements:1. All colours are pleasant.2. Some colours are pleasant.3. No colour is pleasant.4. Some colours are not pleasant.Given that statement 4 is true, what can bedefinitely concluded? (a) 1 and 2 are true. (b) 3 is true. (c) 2 is false. (d) 1 is false.
Solution: It is given that statement 4 is true i.e. some colours are notpleasant. Now if some colour are pleasant then its corollaryis that some of them are pleasant. Now let us evaluate rest of the three statements: All colours are pleasant .This is in clear contravention tostatement 4 so Statement 1 is false. Some colours are pleasant .Yes this is true as we found outin the corollary of statement 4. No colour is pleasant .No this is false as we found out inthe corollary of statement 4. Thus we know that statement 1 is false, 2 is true and 3 isfalse. And hence answer choice is (d). (d) 1 is false.
Empirical Relationship between Mean,Median and ModeMean – Mode 3 (Mean – Median) Frequency Distribution with SymmetricalFrequency Curve
If for a sample data Mean Median Modethen the distribution is(a) symmetric(b) skewed to the right(c) neither symmetric nor skewed(d) skewed to the leftSolution:A direct question from basic statistics, For adistribution skewed to the left Mean Median Mode. Thus the answer is: (d) skewed to the left
In the following question number oftriangle are (A) 21(B) 23(C) 25(D) 27
Correct Answer : D ie. 27Explanation :The main triangle shown is in the givenfigure and this the total no. of triangle is 15. remaingtriangle we can find out in the drawing the triangle in theimage.
In the following questions, count the numberof triangles and squares in the given figure. (A) 44 triangles,10squares (B) 14 triangles, 16squares (C) 27 triangles,6squares (D) 36 triangles, 9squares
Correct Answer : A (A) 44 triangles,10 squares
Practice more & more examples But by practicing more & more, you can bemaster in solving these problems. Only keepin mind the following: You must have strong word power. You must have good understanding &reasoning ability. You must have good general knowledge.
Acquire the knowledge and skills First
Programme Continues .
Reading Comprehension 10-15 Cloze Test 10 Fill in the blanks 0-5 . CSAT paper UPSC CS Prelims: Reading Comprehension, Reasoning and Quantitative Aptitude . Difficulty Level IAS Prelims CSAT GS Paper-II 2019 Exam Analysis Sections (
This Guide contains essential information so you can prepare practically and mentally – please read it very carefully before taking your exams. CONTENTS 1. Open-book exams, in a nutshell Page 3 2. Create your own exam conditions Page 3 3. Practise taking an open-book exam Page 3 4. Materials for your exams Page 4 5. Study for your exams Page 4 6. The Honour Code for open-book exams Page 4 7 .
Exams There will 2 major exams in this course. Each exam will carry equal weight in the final grade (100 points each). The exams will cover the materials from the weekly course folders, and other assigned supplementary reading material. The exams will contain multiple choice, true or false, and essay questions. Exams will be posted and
Approaches to Web Application Development CSCI3110 Department of Computing, ETSU Jeff Roach . Web Application Approaches and Frameworks Scripting (or Programmatic) Approaches Template Approaches Hybrid Approaches Frameworks . Programmatic Approaches The page is generated primarily from code
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work/products (Beading, Candles, Carving, Food Products, Soap, Weaving, etc.) ⃝I understand that if my work contains Indigenous visual representation that it is a reflection of the Indigenous culture of my native region. ⃝To the best of my knowledge, my work/products fall within Craft Council standards and expectations with respect to
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