My Country South Africa Celebrating Our National Symbols .

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Tel: 27 (12) 312 5080values@doe.gov.zaSouth AfricaPretoria123 Schoeman StreetSol Plaatje HouseRace and ValuesDepartment of EducationMy Country South Africa celebrating our national synbols & heritageupdated 2nd editionCover photos courtesy SA Tourism, Parliament of South Africa and Department of Educationcelebrating ournational symbols& heritageMy CountrySouth Africaupdated 2nd edition

My CountrySouth Africacelebrating ournational symbols& heritage2nd editionISBN: 1-77018-108-3 Department of Education 2006-2008All rights reserved. You may copy material from thispublication for use in non-profit education programmesif you acknowledge the source. For use in publications,please obtain the written permission of the Department ofEducationEnquiriesDirectorate: Race and Values, Department of Education,Room 223, 123 Schoeman Street, PretoriaTel: (012) 312-5080Fax: (012) 326-1909Email: values@doe.gov.zaThe Department of Education gratefully acknowledgesthe assistance of the Royal Netherlands Embassy towardsthe development and distribution of this publication.Page 3

My Country South Africa/ ÃÊ«ÕL V Ì Ê } } ÌÃÊÌ iÊ ÃÌ À V ÊV ÌiÝÌÊ vÊi V Ê Ì symbol - when and how it came into being and the protocols À Õ ÊÌ iÊà } wV ViÊ Ê « ÀÌ ViÊ vÊi V Ê ÌÊiÝ« Ã]Êv ÀÊiÝ « i]Ê w, when and where the National Flag should be flown,hung or stored. It also outlines the protocols around the singing ofthe National Anthem. Schools should ensure that the official versionof the National Anthem is sung in full. Learners and educatorsshould be made aware of the appropriate behaviour involved insinging the Anthem. It must be sung with pride, as a key symbolof South Africa’s nationhood. Learners and educators will alsobe able to familiarise themselves with all the national days thatcommemorate significant events in our country’s rich history.The national symbols are highlighted throughout the curriculumand therefore teaching about them cannot be avoided. Thepromotion of the values embodied in our national symbols isimportant not only for the sake of personal development, but toensure that a national South African identity is built on the valuesenshrined in our Constitution.I trust that this publication will be used widely in all schools, andbe incorporated into the delivery of the curriculum throughout theeducation system. In doing so, our young people will acknowledgeour common South African national identity and become, first andforemost, proud South African citizens.GNM Pandor, MPMinister Of EducationPage 5

My Country South AfricaAcknowledgementsResearch and writing byE Banhegyi, C Dyer, D Favis,Dr. P Watson andN Verlaque-Napper.Illustrations by V Malindi.Design and layout byLimeblue Design.Thanks to the Royal NetherlandsEmbassy for its funding of thisproject; and to the Bureau ofHeraldry for its support in theproject’s development.Photo credits: SA Tourism,Photo courtesy SA TourismParliament of South Africa,Department of Education,Government Communication& Information System (GCIS),Constitution Hill, IzikoMuseums of Cape Town,Johannesburg News Agency,Amathole Museum, C.P. NelMuseum, SAA, Bureau ofHeraldry (Department of Arts& Culture), MapungubweMuseum, University of Pretoria,South/The Bigger Picture,Bailey’s African History Archive,SA Naval Museum, Departmentof Water Affairs and Forestry,SA National Parks, NASA LunarOrbiter, www.parysinfo.co.za,The Department of Educationgratefully acknowledgespermission to reproducecopyright material in thispublication. Every effort hasbeen made to trace copyrightholders, but if any copyrightinfringements have been made,the Department would begrateful for information thatwould enable any omissionsor errors to be corrected insubsequent impressions.Page 6

My Country South AfricaContentsMinister’s Foreword4National Pride8I am an African - I am a South African10The Constitution14The National Coat of Arms16The National Anthem22The National Flag26Symbols of Parliament30The National Orders of South Africa38National Living Heritage Symbols46The Provincial Coats of Arms50World Heritage Sites54National & International Public Holidays64Our Heritage Just Keeps on Growing66Learning Activities68Handouts81Page 7

My Country South AfricaNational PrideLearning about our national identityI can’t believeI play so manydifferent roles! NCPCN( 2Me and myIdentitysee page 68We are all familiar with our National Symbols - the National Coat of Arms, theNational Anthem, and the National Flag. We see them all around us every day.But how much do we really know about their history, their symbolism, and theimportant values they promote and that we all share as South Africans?This is such an important question that this book was specially created to explainthe meaning of our National Symbols. This book is also about developing a strongsense of National Pride and learning what it means to have a National Identity.In this book, we will discover new and fascinating information about the symbolsthat are so typically and powerfully South African. Learning about what makesSouth Africa unique will be a fun journey of discovery, involving us in creative andmind-stretching activities.Sontonga wasa cool dude, hey?Where does thisprotea go?Page 8

My Country South AfricaVOCABULARYVALUESArrogance – proud to a faultPride and prejudiceHomophobia – hatred of gays andlesbiansBeing proud to be a South African does not mean looking down on others. Inthe same way that being proud of our school or choir does not mean lookingdown on other schools or learners who are not lucky enough to sing in thechoir. Arrogance* and prejudice* are the bad brothers and sisters of pride*.We even have special words for pre-judging people. from other countries– xenophobia*; from other race groups – racism*; from other sexes – sexism*;from other sexual orientations – homophobia*.Prejudice – to unfairly pre-judgePride – a healthy respect for oneselfand othersRacism – to judge people not for whothey are, but because of the colour oftheir skinSexism – to judge women negativelyon the basis of their sexXenophobia – hatred of foreignersSo guys,is our exhibitionnearly ready?Sure, Ma’am.It’s looking great!Ma’am - TeacherLebo - Grade 10Tina - Grade 9Abi - Grade 8Thapelo - Grade 5Delicia - Grade 3Page 9

My Country South AfricaI am an African –I am a South AfricanA person’s national identity comes from their sense of belonging to acountry, being proud of its history, cultures, languages, landscapes andtraditions.I am an African SpeechThe most famous, and vivid*, description of South African identity was expressedin Thabo Mbeki’s speech as Deputy President at the time of the adoption* of thenew Constitution of South Africa on 8 May 1996. The speech is called “I am anAfrican.” We can read an extract from this speech below:I owe my being to the hills and the valleys, the mountains andthe glades*, the rivers, the deserts, the trees, the flowers,the seas and the ever-changing seasons that define theface of our native land.I owe my being to the Khoi and the San whosedesolate* souls haunt* the great expanses of thebeautiful Cape - they who fell victim to the mostmerciless genocide* our native land has everseen, they who were the first to lose their livesin the struggle to defend our freedom andindependence and they who, as a people,perished* in the result.I am formed of the migrants who left Europeto find a new home on our native land.Whatever their own actions, they remain still,part of me.In my veins courses* the blood of the Malayslaves who came from the East. Theirproud dignity informs my bearing*, theirculture a part of my essence*. The stripesthey bore on their bodies from thelash of the slave master are areminder embossed* on myconsciousness* of what shouldnot be done.I am the grandchild of thewarrior men and women thatHintsa and Sekhukhune led,the patriots* that Cetshwayoand Mphephu took to battle,the soldiers Moshoeshoe andNgungunyane taught neverto dishonour* the cause offreedom.Photo courtesy Government Communication& Information System (GCIS)

My Country South AfricaMy mind and my knowledge of myself is formed by the victoriesthat are the jewels in our African crown, the victories we earnedfrom Isandhlwana to Khartoum, as Ethiopians and as the Ashanti ofGhana, as the Berbers of the desert.I am the grandchild who lays fresh flowers on the Boer graves at StHelena and the Bahamas, who sees in the mind’s eye and suffers thesuffering of a simple peasant folk, death, concentration* camps*,destroyed homesteads, a dream in ruins.VOCABULARYAdoption – to choose and make one’sownAssertion – say firmly, with authorityBearing – a (proud) way of holdingyour bodyConcentration camp – a prison formen, women and children during warConsciousness – seeing or knowingclearly in your mindI am the child of Nongqause. I am he who made it possible to tradein the world markets in diamonds, in gold, in the same food forwhich my stomach yearns*.Contest – argue against or say isuntrueI come of those who were transported from India and China, whosebeing resided in the fact, solely, that they were able to providephysical labour, who taught me that we could both be at home andbe foreign, who taught me that human* existence* itself demandedthat freedom was a necessary condition* for that human existence.Dishonour – disgrace; shameBeing part of all these people, and in the knowledge that none darecontest* that assertion*, I shall claim that - I am an African.Course – flowDesolate – lonely, forgottenEmboss – leave a raised markEssence – the deepest, most importantpart of something or somebodyGenocide – deliberately killing a largegroup of peopleGlades – open space in a forestHaunt – ghostly visitHuman existence – a way for a personto liveNecessary condition – very important;cannot do withoutPatriot – someone who loves and isloyal to her or his countryI am Africa.I am an African.Perish – dieVivid – strong and clearJane van Vuuren, AfrikaanseHoërskool Kroonstad, Free StateYearn – to want very muchI am an AfricanMy language is ZuluI eat phutu, spinach, samp and sweet potatoesOur culture is rich and sweet like a tomatoWe love to take a chanceWe celebrate with a song and dance isicatamiyaThe beat of the drum tell us where we are fromThe wonderful rich land of AfricaSibusiso Mquati, Grade 3, Isipingo Primary School,KwaZulu-NatalPage 11

My Country South AfricaAnele Badenhorst,Theron High SchoolLefika Morebe, St Andrew’s School,Free StateI am an AfricanA soldier of my landA defender of the earthThe heavens bellow as theshowers quench the soilBut when it has been tamedThe fish-eagle soars to theskyMy spirit runs free hereI am an African bornA home to many peopleHome to many a tongueThe sweet scent of veldgrass in the airThe tang of red soil on mytongueThe majesty of the StinkwoodAs it basks in the AfricansunCall me homeI am an African!Radiya Gangat,Al-Huda Muslim SchoolLefika Morebe, Grade 11,St Andrew’s School, Free StateTurn around to see a smiling faceThe friendliest people of the HumanFor Africa is a peRacerfect place to liveAnd that’s what makes is so exclusiveWe’re well-knownfor our animals inthewildIn the zoo the tourists are piledThe hippos sink glub, glub, glub!Roar! The mother lion snuggles upto hercubI’m proud of my countryOur beautiful animals tooAnd the thing I really, really loveIs the sky so blueOver eleven languages are spokenPeople come fromSo if you ever waRuth Selogilwe, Senior Phase, TheaMorafe Primary School, North WestPage 12herefar and nearnt a good vacationCome and visit our Rainbow NationKaren Schuster,Grade 3, DarlingCollege,Western Cape

Erika Schnetller, SasolburgHoër School, Free StateArtwork from “Our Roots are Speaking” Celebration ofour Heritage Competition 2003My Country South AfricaNow it’s yourturn NCPCN( 2Mpho Ramokotjo, Grade8, Khanyeng IntermediateSchool, Free StateI am anAfricansee page 69-70Page 13

My Country South AfricaIn South Africa’s past, going back hundreds of years, there havealways been some people who got better jobs, better education,better justice* and better healthcare than others. Sometimes thiswas because of the language they spoke or because of the colourof their skin or just because they were men. South Africa’s newConstitution puts a stop to this kind of discrimination*.What is a constitution?A constitution contains the highest laws of a country. These laws arehigher than the president, higher than the courts and higher than thegovernment. These are the laws that describe how the people of a countryshould treat each other, and what their rights and responsibilities are toeach other. The constitution of a country cannot easily be changed; it isthere to protect all of us now, and our children in the future.The New South African ConstitutionBefore democratic elections could be held in April 1994, a temporaryconstitution was needed to manage South Africa’s transition* fromapartheid to democracy; this was the Interim Constitution of 1993. Itwas agreed that the new Constitution would be written by the electedgovernment. This new Constitution was adopted by the Republic of SouthAfrica in 1996.It should be. TheConstitution is the foundationof all the laws that governour country.This is heavy,Ma’am!Get your copynow!Photo courtesyy Constitution HillThe ConstitutionConstitutional Court,Constitution Hill, JohannesburgThe Preamble to the newConstitution states:We, the people of South Africa,Recognise the injustices ofour past; Honour those whohave suffered for justice andfreedom in our land; Respectthose who have worked tobuild and develop our country;and Believe that South Africabelongs to all who live in it,united in our diversity.Wetherefore, through our freely*elected* representatives*, adoptthis Constitution as the supremelaw of the Republic so as to– Heal the divisions of thepast and establish a societybased on democraticvalues, social justice andfundamental human rights;Lay the foundations for ademocratic and open societyin which government is basedon the will of the peopleand every citizen is equallyprotected by law;Improve the quality of lifeof all citizens and free thepotential of each person;and Build a united anddemocratic South Africa ableto take its rightful place as asovereign state in the familyof nations. May God protectour people.Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika. Morenaboloka setjhaba sa heso.God seën Suid-Afrika. Godbless South Africa. Mudzimufhatutshedza Afurika. Hosikatekisa Afrika.Page 14

My Country South AfricaVOCABULARYDuring the signing of the Constitution into law atSharpeville on 10 December 1996, former PresidentNelson Mandela had this to say:In centuries of struggle against racial domination,South Africans of all colours and backgroundsproclaimed freedom and justice as their unquenchable*aspiration. They pledged loyalty to a country whichbelongs to all who live in it. Those who sought theirown freedom in the domination of others were doomedin time to ignominious* failure.Out of such experience was born the understanding that there could be no lastingpeace, no lasting security, no prosperity in this land unless all enjoyed freedomand justice as equals. Out of such experience was born the vision of a free SouthAfrica, of a nation united in diversity and working together to build a betterlife for all. Out of the many Sharpevilles which haunt our history was born theunshakeable determination that respect for human life, liberty and well-beingmust be enshrined* as rights beyond the power of any force to diminish.These principles were proclaimed wherever people resisted dispossession*; defiedunjust laws or protested against inequality. They were shared by all who hatedoppression, from whomsoever it came and to whomsoever it was meted*. Theyguided the negotiations in which our nation turned its back on conflict anddivision. They were affirmed by our people in all their millions in our country’sfirst democratic elections.Now, at last, they are embodied in the highest law of our rainbow nation.This weowe to many who suffered and sacrificed for justice and freedom.Today we cross acritical threshold.Let us now, drawing strength from the unity which we have forged, together graspthe opportunities and realise the vision enshrined in this Constitution. Let us givepractical recognition to the injustices of the past, by building a future based onequality and social justice. Let us nurture our national unity by recognising, withrespect and joy, the languages, cultures and religions of South Africa in all theirdiversity. Let tolerance for one another’s views create the peaceful conditionswhich give space for the best in all of us to find expression and to flourish. Aboveall, let us work together in striving to banish homelessness; illiteracy; hunger anddisease. In all sectors of our society - workers and employers; government andcivil society; people of all religions; teachers and students; in our cities, towns andrural areas, from north to south and east to west - let us join hands for peace andprosperity.Discrimination - unfair treatment of aperson or group because of their race,nationality, language, age, sex, looks,handicap, etc.Photo courtesy GCISAdoption of the Constitution SpeechOur National Symbols grew out of our ConstitutionDispossession – deprived of landEnshrine – protect from changeFreely elected representatives – thefew people who were voted for by themany to be their ‘voice’ in parliamentIgnominious – humiliating andshamefulJustice – just or fair treatmentMeted – forced ontoReconciliation – when people whohave been fighting agree to worktogetherTransition – when something is busychanging from one state to anotherUnquenchable – a thirst that cannotbe satisfiedBy South Africans,for South AfricansAfter the first democraticelections in 1994, theNational SymbolsCommission took on the jobof asking the public whatthese symbols of nationalunity should look and soundlike. A great many SouthAfricans from all walks oflife had a say in what hasbecome the proud voice,visual identity and signatureof our country.In our Constitution, the people of South Africa agreed to create national symbolsto promote core values like reconciliation* and nation building. These nationalsymbols are the sight and sound of all that is proudly South African.National Symbols TimelineMid-1993Negotiations for theOngoing public consultations involved ordinary South Africanstransition fromin the design of the New National Symbols.apartheid todemocracy well10 October 199727 April 1994End 1993under way at theNew National AnthemFirst democraticInterim ConstitutionWorld Trade Centre inadoptedelectionsadoptedKempton Park19937 September 1993Multi-Party NegotiatingCouncil appoints aNational SymbolsCommission199420 April 1994New National Flagadopted1995199610 December 1996New Constitutionsigned into Law atSharpeville1997200027 April 2000New Coat of ArmsadoptedFind out aboutyour rights, and yourresponsibilities. NCPCN( 2Kids got rights, gotresponsibilities, too!They belong to me and you.Rights and responsibilities stick Stick together with glue, to guideme and you!see pages 70-72Page 15

My Country South AfricaThe NationalCoat of Arms2Rising sun1Secretary Bird3Protea6Spear, knobkierieand shield5Elephant tusks4Ears of wheat7Koisan people8MottoIf South Africa were a person, the Coat of Armswould be its signature.The Coat of Arms is mostoften used as a stamp or seal* on a document(look at your birth cerXM½GEXI a badge on abuilding, an emblem* on a coin, etc., and it saysXLEX XLMW MW SJ½GMEPPy, authentically* South African.M#?GI L;NC /LI ?MWho designed the Coat of Arms?The Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology invited the public tosay what values and symbols they would like to see reflected in the design of ournew Coat of Arms. From these comments, instructions were written and given toDesign South Africa (an umbrella body of South African design agencies). Ten topdesigners were briefed and three designers were chosen to present their ideas t

My Country South Africa I am an African – I am a South African I am an African Speech The most famous, and vivid*, description of South African identity was expressed in Thabo Mbeki’s speech as Deputy President at the time of the adoption* of the new Constitution of South Africa on 8 May 1996. The speech is called “I am an African.”

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