UNIT 7 SHIPPING REQUIREMENTS

UNIT 7SHIPPING REQUIREMENTSU.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and Agreement States“Transportation of Radioactive Materials”NRC Course HH-308

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308OBJECTIVES Identify the marking and labeling requirementsfor transport of Radioactive Material. Apply marking requirements to over-packs. DetermineDi theh appropriateillabelb l to bbe appliedli dto a given radioactive material package or overpack and the Transport Index. Identify vehicle placarding requirements.148

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308COMMUNICATION OF CONTENTS RAM has unique communications. The regulations require that the hazardsposed by the material(s) and the consignmentare clearly communicated to all partiesconcerned to facilitate:– Complete radiation protection at all phases– Correct emergency response for accidents10 CFR 71.5149

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308COMMUNICATION OF CONTENTS Hazard communications areaccomplished by:– Marking material and packages– Labels on packages– Placards on freight containers,tanks, road and rail vehicles– The transport document– Emergency response informationLabelsPlacard49 CFR Subpart C, D, E, F and G; 10 CFR 71.5150

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR APPLICATIONOF PACKAGE MARKINGS DurableLegibleVisibleContrasting backgroundIn English – International tooSize– ½ inch for non-bulk packages (recommended)– 1” – 4” depending on bulk packaging type49 CFR 172.304151

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308MARKING REQUIREMENTS FOR NONNON--BULKRADIOACTIVE MATERIAL CONTENTS Proper shipping nameUN NumberTo/From informationOthers specific to content/package– Gross weight (if 50 Kg or 110 lbs) or NRCpackaging– Package type as appropriate– VRI Code: Country code of design (e.g. “USA”)– Trefoil symbol (Type B(*) packages– USA if for exportSpecific to Class 7Materials Package certification marking Others as applicable– RQ, DOT–SP (DOT Special Permit), etc.152

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308MARKING REQUIREMENTS FOR BULKRADIOACTIVE MATERIAL PACKAGES Is it a bulk package?2913– Only “general” definition– PHMSA opinion letter Each package type unique Identification number– ID number in orange paneldisplay or in white squareon-point configuration Gross mass if NRC approvedpackage ID number not authorized ina Class 7 domestic placard2913Non-bulk: requires “UN####”29132913153

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308MARKING EXCEPTIONSFOR LSA/SCO IN EXCLUSIVE USE CONVEYANCE LSA/SCO A2 VALUE– “RADIOACTIVE – LSA”– “RADIOACTIVE – SCO”Only 2 requiredmarkingsand– “RQ” Full shipper paper required49 CFR 173.427(a)(6)154

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308MARKING REQUIREMENTSEXCEPTED PACKAGES UN Number on each package andfor – Limited Quantity [§173.421(a)(4)] “RADIOACTIVE” on inner container orouter package if inner is not present– Instrument or Article Nothing else required (unless by air)No shipping Paper isrequired. Even theCertification Notice of§173.422(a) required formany Years was removedfrom the regulationseffective 10/1/04!– Articles from U/Th only (§173.426) “RADIOACTIVE” on inner container orouter package if inner is not present– Empty Packages (§173.428) Empty label required49 FR 173.421 – 173.426; 173.428155

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308PACKAGE LABELING Three categories– Radioactive White-I– Radioactive Yellow-II– Radioactive Yellow-III SSelectionl i off appropriateicategory– Based on Table, §172.4031 Meter– Highest category assumesprecedence– Package transported as HighwayRoute Controlled Quantityalways a Radioactive Yellow IIIregardless of above criteriaSurfacePrimarily based on surfaceradiation level and TI49 CFR 172.403; 173.403; 10 CFR 71.4156

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308PACKAGE LABELING Categorization ofpackages is primaryfactor in selection ofradioactive label157

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308§172.403(c)DETERMINING THE APPROPRIATECATEGORY OF LABEL TO APPLYTransport index02Maximum radiation level atany point on the externalsurfaceLabel category1Less than or equal to 0.005 mSv/h(0.5 mrem/h)White IMore than 0 butnot more than 1Greater than 0.005 mSv/h (0.5mrem/h) but less than or equal to0.5 mSv/h (50 mrem/h)Yellow IIMore than 1 butnot more than 10Greater than 0.5 mSv/h (50mrem/h) but less than or equal to2 mSv/h (200 mrem/h)Yellow IIIMore than 10Greater than 2 mSv/h (200mrem/h) but less than or equal to10 mSv/h (1,000 mrem/h)YELLOW-III (Must be shipped underexclusive use provisions; see173.441(b).1.2.Any package containing a “highway route control quantity” (173.403) must be labeled as“RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-III”If the measured TI is not greater than 0.05, the value may be considered to be zero.158

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308DETERMINING THE TRANSPORT INDEX Determining the TI– Maximum radiation level in mSv/hr @ 1 m (RL1m)– Multiply value determined by 100– Resulting number is the TI(RL1m) (mSv/hr x 100) TI (unitless number) Round up to the next highest decimal TI 0.05 may be considered zero (0) [§172.403(c)(2)]The Transport Index is the highest dose rate in mrem/hr, at1 meter from the package Including top and bottom!159

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308KEY COMPONENT IN LABEL SELECTIONTRANSPORT INDEX The transport index is asingle number assignedto a packagepackage, over-pack,over packtank, or freight containerused to provide controlover radiation exposureand establish transportcontrols.49 CFR 173.403; 10 CFR71.4160

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308TI APPLIES TO MORE THAN JUST LABELDETERMINATION TI is also used to establish:– Content limits on packages, overpacks, tanks orfreight containers– Need for exclusive use shipment conveyance Exclusive use has no TI limit– Spacing requirements during storage or transit– Mixing restrictions during transport or storageunder special arrangements– Number of packages in freight container orconveyance161

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308LABEL DATA Contents §172.403(g)(1)– Names or symbols of radionuclide(s)– “LSA-I” [in place of radionuclide(s)]– List most restrictive nuclides as roompermits (based on 173.433) Activity [§172.403(g)(2)§172 403( )(2)]– Maximum activity during transport (units ofBq with appropriate SI Prefix)– If fissile material, mass of fissile material ingrams (or multiples thereof) may be insertedCs-137, Sr-9065 MBq0.7 Transport Index §172.403(g)(3)– Applicable to Radioactive Yellow II andRadioactive Yellow-III label categories– Rounded UP to nearest first decimal162

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308EMPTY LABEL EMPTY label – if package is: Unimpaired conditionEMPTY: §173.428(d) & 172.403(d) Outer surface covered with inactive sheath Internall contaminationi i 10000 timesi173.443(a)3 3( ) Remove, obliterate, or cover previously applied labelsMeets requirements of 173.421(a)(2), (3) & (5) Radiation level 0.005 mSv/hr Surface contamination Table 9 limits Does not contain fissile material (unless excepted)163

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308CRITICALITY SAFE INDEX A number assigned to apackage, overpack or freightcontainer containing fissilematerial used to providecontrol over the accumulationof fissile material [10 CFR 71.22(e); §71.23(e); § 71.59(b)] Component of the fissilematerial package CoC based on10 CFR 71.59173.453 – fissile exceptions173.457 – fissile requirementsFISSILE20CRITICALITYSAFETY INDEX749 CFR 173.403164

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308APPLYING THE LABELS Label configuration on thepackage shall be:– Affixed on two oppositesides of the outside of a Packageg Over-pack Freight containerCs-137, Sr-9065 MBqTo: RRIRadioactive Material,Type A Package, FissileUN33270.7FISSILECRITICALITYSAFETY INDEX7155 kgFISSILECs-137, Sr-9065 MBqMB0.7CRITICALITYSAFETY INDEX7USA/9734/B(U)-85 Freight containers musthave one label affixed nearthe opening Labels shall not cover themarkingsPu-239, Pu-24165 MBq0.716549 CFR 172.403; 172.406

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308OTHER LABEL REQUIREMENTS Other hazardous materials– Additional labels asrequired for otherhazardous materials Non-applicable labels– All labels not relating to thepackage content must beremovedSubsidiary labels – within 6” of RAM label49 CFR 172.401; 172.402; 172.406166

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL OVERPACKS Individual package(s) mustmeet prerequisiterequirements Over-pack is a crate, box orpallet used for protection orconvenience Over-pack fully marked per 49CFR 172 Subpart D (Marking) In full compliance with§173.25(a)RadioactiveMaterial Type APackageUN2915RadioactiveMaterial Type APackageUN2915To: RRITo: RRIRadioactiveMaterial nosUN2982RadioactiveMaterial nosUN2982To: RRITo: RRIRadioactiveMaterial nosUN2982RadioactiveMaterial nosUN2982To: RRITo: RRI49 CFR 171.8; 173.448(g)167

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL OVERPACKS§173.25 Requirements, Class 7 over-packs:– Marked in compliance: 49 CFR 172 Subpart D and 49CFR 173.25(a)– Meet general requirements for packagings– No forbidden materials; and– Additional requirements for non-bulk packgings(173.24a) Problems for non-rigid pallet over-packs– Gross mass?– Transfer of marking to outer surface when somepackages unseen?49 CFR 171.8; 172 Subpart D; 173 25(a); 173.448(g)168

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL OVERPACKSLABELING Label determined in accordance with 172.403(h)– Non-rigid Over-pack: TI determined by aggregateof TI’s in the over-pack– Rigid Over-pack: TI determined by either:total Aggregate total of TI’s in the over-pak, OR Obtaining a nenew TI dose rate measmeasurementrement Other information on label– Content: May state “MIXED” unless all packages containsame isotope(s)– Activity: Aggregate total activity of all packages in theover-pack Over-pack may require new label different from thepackages contained49 CFR 172.403 (h)169

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL OVERPACKSSHIPPING PAPERS and PLACARDS Shipping Paper– Complete a description foreach package in the overpack, including labelsapplied– Summarize the descriptionof the over-pack, includingnew over-pack labelrequired Placard– Based on the label appliedto the over-packRadioactiveMaterial Type APackageUN2915RadioactiveMaterial Type APackageUN2915To: RRITo: RRI4 boxes: UN2915; RadioactiveMaterial, Type A Package;7; Am-241;solid; oxide; 0.4 MBq; RadioactiveYellow-IIlabel; TI 0.3; 1 Pallet; 4 boxes; Radioactive YellowIII Overpack Label; TI 1.249 CFR 172 Subpart C; 173.448(g)170

Transportation of Radioactive MaterialNRC Course H-308PLACARD DETERMINATION FORRADIOACTIVE MATERIALRadioactive Yellow-IIILabeled packagesLSA Material and SCOUtilizing the 173.427 (a)(6)exceptionHighway Route ControlledQuantity package(On white square bkg –Highway only)UF6 subsidiary hazard(8) If 454 kg gross wt172.505(b)Display of placardsConsistent with otherHazard placards(172.516)171