Standards For Low-Global Warming Potential: Prospects And .

Standards for low-Global Warming Potential:prospects and challengesASHRAE Update:Standard 15 and 34 for RefrigerantsProf. Bjarne W. OlesenASHRAE President Elect 2016-17Technical University of Denmark

ASHRAE a global society for Building Technology– ASHRAE, founded in 1894, is a global society advancing human well-beingthrough sustainable technology for the built environment.– The Society and its members focus on building systems, energy efficiency,indoor environmental quality, refrigeration and sustainability within theindustry

ASHRAE a global society for Building Technology– Founded in 1894 56,000 volunteer members in 130 countries–4,700 student members– 11,000 members outside North-America–14 regions–181 chapters–230 student branches

What Makes Us Different A global membership Members create our built environment technologies Largest publishing program in field One of few HVAC&R organizations in world with own research program

ASHRAE Research 150 million, in todays money,since 1959 This year we will invest 5.8million, an ASHRAE record

Global Outreach ASHRAE Associate Society Alliance with more than 70 members Indoor Environmental Quality - Global Alliance Memorandums of Understanding and partnerships with associationsand governments worldwide

Considerations by stadardization Maintaining refrigerant choice Best refrigerant for each application Evaluating refrigerant characteristics for informed choices Balancing efficiency, cost, availability, safety Making transition predictable, smooth, informed Educating policy makers and training technicians

ASHRAE/ANSI STANDARDS Follow ANSI rules Balanced project committee Continuous maintenance (Addenda) Republished every 3rd year

ASHRAE Standard 15 –Safety Standard for Refrigeration SystemsHISTORY Efforts to establish a safety code date back to 1914 when anAmerican Society of Refrigerating Engineers (ASRE) committeeworking with fire department officials in New York City proposedregulations for refrigerating plants in the city. The regulation became law in 1915.9

ASHRAE Standard 15 –Safety Standard for Refrigeration SystemsPURPOSE This standard specifies safe design, construction, installation, and operation of refrigerationsystems.SCOPE This standard establishes safeguards for life, limb, health, and property and prescribes safetyrequirements. This standard applies(a) to the design, construction, test, installation, operation, and inspection of mechanical andabsorption refrigeration systems, including heat pump systems used in stationaryapplications,(b) to modifications including replacement of parts or components if they are not identical infunction and capacity, and(c) to substitutions of refrigerant having a different designation10

Refrigerant Safety ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 15-2013, Safety Standard forRefrigeration Systems Establishes rules for safe application in equipment andsystems when using the refrigerant classification system 2013 version includes clarification of the locationrequirements for machinery room mechanical ventilation. Standard 15-2016/17 Incorporation of requirements for Class 2L refrigerants Complete rewrite of the standard in normative language

ASHRAE Standard 34 –Designation and Safety Classification of RefrigerantsHISTORY First published as Standard 34 in 1978 Superseded ANSI Standard B79.1-1968 Now updated continuously, using a revision processknown as continuous maintenance12

ASHRAE Standard 34 –Designation and Safety Classification of RefrigerantsPURPOSE This standard is intended to establish a simple means of referring to commonrefrigerants instead of using the chemical name, formula, or trade name. It also establishes a uniform system for assigning reference numbers and safetyclassifications to refrigerants. The standard identifies requirements to apply for designations and safetyclassifications for refrigerants, including blends, and to determine refrigerantconcentration limits.13

ASHRAE Standard 34 –Designation and Safety Classification of RefrigerantsSCOPE This standard provides an unambiguous system for numbering refrigerants andassigning composition-designating prefixes for refrigerants. Safetyclassifications based on toxicity and flammability data are included. This standard does not imply endorsement or concurrence that individualrefrigerant blends are suitable for any particular application.14

ASHRAE Standard 34 –Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants Nomenclature of refrigerants and assigns safety classifications based on toxicity andflammability data First published in 1957 2013 version includes assignment of designations and safety classifications for one newsingle compound refrigerant and 14 new refrigerant blends Reviewing, classification and naming of refrigerants – 24 total Refinements through information developed via ASHRAE researchASHRAE Standard 34 -2016/17 The committee is working on creating an addendum to make 2L a class and not asubclass.

Research Project RP1717- Improve Accuracy and Reproducibility of ASTM-E681 TestMethod for Flammability Limit Measurements of 2L FlammableRefrigerants

Flammable Refrigerant Research Global effort to reduce high globalwarming refrigerants 5.2 million initiative by ASHRAE, AHRIand U.S. Department of EnergyResults will be used in Standards 15 and34

ASHRAE Research 5.2 million towards flammable refrigerants DOE - 3 million ASHRAE - 1.2 million AHRI - 1 million

ASHRAE Research Good news on 2L refrigerants Much lower Global WarmingPotential Less impact on our environment Excellent performancecharacteristics Bad news! Mildly flammable (weak andunstable flames) Standard and Code revisions arenecessary

ASHRAE-EN-ISO

ASHRAE-EN-ISO ISO 817-2014: Refrigerants — Designation and safety classification Harmonization of ASHRAE 34 and ISO 817 is ongoing ISO 5149-2014: Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety andenvironmental requirements.1.2.3.4.Definitions, classification and selection criteriaDesign, construction, testing, marking and documentationInstallation siteOperation, maintenance, repair and recovery

ASHRAE and UNEP Cooperation ASHRAE and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP),represented by the Division of Technology, Industry & Economics(DTIE), signed a Memorandum of Understanding in 2007. Establish technical co-operation and mutual coordination towardsproviding professional technical services to the refrigeration andair-conditioning stakeholders (governmental, private and public).

ASHRAE and UNEP Cooperation Work to ensure that up-to-date related technical information andstandards are properly introduced and promoted. Progress made through biennial work plans, with most recentapproved in January 2015 Two main goals Address emissions reduction, long-term refrigerants andenergy efficiency Promote expertise and technological information exchangeamong governments and specialists dealing with ASHRAE andUNEP. Preparation of a new work plan in progress

ASHRAE-EN-ISO ISO 817-2014: Refrigerants —Designation and safety classification Harmonization of ASHRAE 34 and ISO 817 is ongoing ISO 5149-2014: Refrigerating systems and heat pumps —Safety and environmental requirements. 1. Definitions, classification and selection c