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Reinforcement andStudy Guide

A GLENCOE PROGRAMBIOLOGY: THE DYNAMICS OF LIFEGlencoe OnlineSCIENCEVisit the Glencoe Science Web sitebdol.glencoe.comYou’ll find:Standardized Test Practice, InteractiveTutor, Section and Chapter Self-CheckQuizzes, Online Student Edition, WebLinks, Microscopy Links, WebQuestProjects, Internet BioLabs, In the News,Textbook Updates, Teacher BulletinBoard, Teaching Todayand much more!Copyright by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except aspermitted under the United States Copyright Act, no part of this publication maybe reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a databaseretrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher.Send all inquiries to:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill8787 Orion PlaceColumbus, OH 43240-4027ISBN 0-07-860232-7Printed in the United States of America.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 009 08 07 06 05 04 03

ContentsTo the Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ivReinforcement and Study Guide21 What is a plant? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9322 The Diversity of Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 971 Biology: The Study of Life . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Plant Structure and Function . . . . . . . . 101BIODIGEST 1 What is biology? . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Principles of Ecology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 724 Reproduction in Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1053 Communities and Biomes . . . . . . . . . . . . 1125 What is an animal? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1114 Population Biology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 Biological Diversity and Conservation . . 1926 Sponges, Cnidarians, Flatworms,and Roundworms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115BIODIGEST 2 Ecology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2327 Mollusks and Segmented Worms . . . . . 1196 The Chemistry of Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2528 Arthropods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1237 A View of the Cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2929 Echinoderms and InvertebrateChordates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1278 Cellular Transport and the Cell Cycle . . 339 Energy in a Cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.BIODIGEST 3 The Life of a Cell . . . . . . . . . . 4110 Mendel and Meiosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4311 DNA and Genes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4712 Patterns of Heredity andHuman Genetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51BIODIGEST 7 Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109BIODIGEST 8 Invertebrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13130 Fishes and Amphibians . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13331 Reptiles and Birds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13732 Mammals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14133 Animal Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145BIODIGEST 9 Vertebrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14913 Genetic Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5534 Protection, Support, and Locomotion . 151BIODIGEST 4 Genetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5935 The Digestive and EndocrineSystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15514 The History of Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6115 The Theory of Evolution . . . . . . . . . . . . 6536 The Nervous System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15916 Primate Evolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6937 Respiration, Circulation,and Excretion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16317 Organizing Life’s Diversity . . . . . . . . . . . 7338 Reproduction and Development . . . . . . 167BIODIGEST 5 Change Through Time . . . . . . 7739 Immunity from Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17118 Viruses and Bacteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79BIODIGEST 10 The Human Body . . . . . . . . 17519 Protists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83STUDY SKILLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17720 Fungi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87BIODIGEST 6 Viruses, Bacteria, Protists,and Fungi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91iii

To the StudentReinforcement and Study GuideThis Reinforcement and Study Guide for Biology: The Dynamics of Lifewill help you learn more easily from your textbook. Each textbookchapter has four study guide pages of questions and activities for you tocomplete as you read the text. The study guide pages are divided intosections that match those in your text. Each BioDigest in your textbookhas two study guide pages to complete.You will find that the directions in the Reinforcement and Study Guideare simply stated and easy to follow. Sometimes you will be asked toanswer questions. Other times, you will be asked to label a diagram orcomplete a table. By completing the study guide, you will gain a betterunderstanding of the concepts presented in the text. These sheets alsowill prove helpful when studying for a test.Before you begin your work, read the Study Skills section at the backof the book. The Study Skills section will help you improve your reading skills. improve your vocabulary skills. learn from visuals.Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. make and understand idea maps.iv

NameDateReinforcement and Study GuideChapter1ClassBiology: The Study of LifeSection 1.1 What is biology?In your textbook, read about the science of biology.Answer the following questions.1. What is the primary focus of all biological studies?2. What is meant by the statement, “Living things do not exist in isolation”?In your textbook, read about why biologists study the diversity of life.Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.For each of the statements below, write true or false.3. People study biology only if they are planning to become biologists.4. By studying biology, you can better appreciate the great diversity ofspecies on Earth and the way each species fits into the dynamic patternof life on the planet.5. The study of biology includes the investigation of interactions among species.In your textbook, read about the characteristics of living things.Complete each statement.6. To be considered , something must exhibit all of theof life.7. is another word for “living thing.”8. Every living thing, from simple, single-celled organisms to complex, multicellular plants and animals,is made up of parts that function together in orderly living .Read each of the following statements. If it describes the process of reproduction, write yes.If not, write no.9. New leaves appear on a tree in spring.10. An amoeba divides in half.11. A bean plant produces seeds in long pods.12. Pollen grains are released from a flower.13. A sea star produces a new arm after losing one to a predator.REINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDEBIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life1

NameDateChapter1Biology: The Study of Life, continuedClassReinforcement and Study GuideSection 1.1 What is biology?Circle the letter of the choice that best completes the statement.14. A species is defined as a group of similar-looking organisms thata. undergo similar developmental changes.b. can interbreed.c. can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. d. reproduce in the same way.15. Every organism begins life as a(n)a. embryo.b. single cell.c. nucleus.d. fertilized egg.16. A corn plant producing ears of corn is an example ofa. growth.b. reproduction.c. development.d. all of these.17. If members of a species fail to reproduce successfully, the speciesa. will eventually become extinct.b. will not develop normally.c. will evolve into a new species.d. will remain unchanged.Complete the table below by checking the correct column for each example.ExampleStimulusResponse18. The recess bell ringing at an elementary school19. Your mouth watering at the sight of food on a plate20. A sudden drop in air temperatureCopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.21. A flu virus entering your body22. Getting butterflies in your stomach before giving a speechAnswer the following questions.23. Explain the concept of homeostasis.24. What is an adaptation?25. What is evolution?2BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of LifeREINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDE

NameDateChapter1Biology: The Study of Life, continuedClassReinforcement and Study GuideSection 1.2 The Methods of BiologyIn your textbook, read about observing and hypothesizing.Answer the following questions.1. What is meant by scientific methods?2. What is a hypothesis?3. How is a hypothesis tested?In your textbook, read about experimenting.For each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching item in Column B.Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.Column AColumn B4. A procedure that tests a hypothesis by collectinginformation under controlled conditionsa. dependent variable5. In an experiment, the group that is the standard againstwhich results are comparedb. experimental group6. In an experiment, the group in which all conditionsare kept the same except for the one being tested7. The condition that is tested by the experimenter8. The condition being observed or measured inan experimentc. independent variabled. experimente. control groupUse each of the terms below just once to complete the passage.experimental resultsexperiment(s)hypothesislawsscientific journalstheoryvalidverifyWhen (9) are reported in (10) ,other scientists may try to (11) the results by repeating the(12) . Usually when a(n) (13) is supported bydata from several scientists, it is considered (14) . Over time, a hypothesis thatis supported by many observations and experiments becomes a (15) . Somewell-established facts of nature, such as gravity, are recognized as (16) .REINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDEBIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life3

NameDateChapter1Biology: The Study of Life, continuedClassReinforcement and Study GuideSection 1.3 The Nature of BiologyIn your textbook, read about kinds of research.Complete the chart by checking the more correct column for each arch1. Numerical data2. Field study of hunting behavior3. Thermometer, balance scale, stopwatch4. Testable hypothesis5. Measurements from controlled laboratory experiments6. Purely observational data7. Binoculars, tape recorder, cameraComplete each statement.8. In order for scientific research to be universally understood, scientists report measurements in the, a modern form of the metric system.10. This system is a system in which measurements are expressed inmultiples of or of a basic unit.In your textbook, read about science and society.If the following statement is true, write true. If it is not, rewrite the italicized part to make it true.11. Ideas about the value of knowledge gained through scientific research come from a society’s social,ethical, and moral concerns.12. Pure science is scientific research carried out primarily to solve a specific environmental problem.13. Technology is the practical application of scientific research to improve human life and the world inwhich we live.14. A technological solution to a human problem can benefit humans but may also cause a different, possiblyserious, problem.15. Scientists have the final say about how the results of scientific discoveries are applied.4BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of LifeREINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDECopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.9. This system of measurement is abbreviated .

NameDateReinforcement and Study GuideBioDigest1ClassWhat is biology?In your textbook, read about characteristics of life.Complete the following statements.Biology is the study of (1) and the (2)among them. Biologists use a variety of (3) methods to study the detailsof life.For each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching item in Column B.Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.Column AColumn B4. The basic unit is the cell.a. development5. Maintenance of a stable internal environmentb. growth6. Reaction to a change in the environmentc. homeostasis7. Cell enlargement and divisiond. organization8. Changes in an organism that take place over timee. reproduction9. Transmission of heredity information from onegeneration to the nextf. response to stimulusUsing what you know about characteristics of life, determine if each of the following describesa living or nonliving thing.10. rust on a bucket13. lightning11. an apple on a tree14. a dinosaur fossil12. bacteria15. a waspREINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDEBIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life5

NameDateBioDigest1What is biology?, continuedClassReinforcement and Study GuideIn your textbook, read about scientific methods.Decide if each of the following statements is true. If it is not, rewrite the italicized part to makeit true.16. Scientific methods include observation, forming a hypothesis, and experiment.17. A statement that can be tested and presents a possible solution to a question is a law.18. In a controlled experiment, two groups are tested and all conditions except two are kept the same forboth groups.19. A condition that remains the same for both groups is called the independent variable.20. A condition that is changed by the experimenter in one group and not the other is called thedependent variable.21. A scientific experiment can be conducted only in a laboratory.Read each of the following statements. If it is a testable hypothesis, write yes. If it is not a testablehypothesis, write no.23. If a person exercises, his or her pulse rate will increase.24. Cats make better pets than dogs.25. When fertilizer is added to soil, plants grow taller.Identify each of the two italicized items as either an independent or a dependent variable.26. The number of red blood cells in a mouse’s blood at different levels of iron in its diet27. The amount of starch formed in a plant leaf for different times of exposure to light6BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of LifeREINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDECopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.22. A theory is a law that has been confirmed by many experiments.

NameDateReinforcement and Study GuideChapter2ClassPrinciples of EcologySection 2.1 Organisms and Their EnvironmentIn your textbook, read about what ecology is and about aspects of ecological study.Use each of the terms below just once to complete the passage.ecologybiotic smssoilbiosphereabiotic factorsLiving organisms in our world are connected to other (1) in avariety of ways. The branch of biology called (2) is the scientific study ofinteractions between organisms and their (3) , including relationshipsbetween living and (4) things.All living things on Earth can be found in the (5) , the portionof Earth that supports life. It extends from high in the (6) to the bottomof the oceans. Many different environments can be found in the biosphere. All living organisms found inan environment are called (7) . Nonliving parts of an environment areCopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.called (8) . For example, whales, trees, and (9)are biotic factors. Ocean currents, temperature, and (10) are abiotic factors.In your textbook, read about levels of organization in ecology.For each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching item in Column B.Column A11. A group of organisms of one species thatinterbreed and live in the same place atthe same timeColumn Ba. communityb. competition12. A collection of interacting populationsc. forest13. Interacting populations and abiotic factorsin a communityd. population14. Increases when resources are scarce15. A terrestrial ecosystemREINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDEe. ecosystemBIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life7

NameDateChapter2ClassReinforcement and Study GuidePrinciples of Ecology, continuedSection 2.1 Organisms and Their EnvironmentIn your textbook, read about organisms in ecosystems.For each statement below, write true or false.16. A habitat is the role a species plays in a community.17. Habitats may change.18. A niche is the place where an organism lives its life.19. A habitat can include only one niche.20. A species’ niche includes how the species meets its needs for food and shelter.21. The centipedes and worms that live under a certain log occupy the same habitatbut have different niches.23. Competition between two species is reduced when the species have differentniches.Complete the table below by writing the kind of relationship described on the left.Relationships Among OrganismsDescription of RelationshipKind of Relationship24. Organisms of different species live together in aclose, permanent relationship.25. One species benefits and the other species is neitherbenefited nor harmed by the relationship.26. One species benefits from the relationship at theexpense of the other species.27. Both species benefit from the relationship.8BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of LifeREINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDECopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.22. It is an advantage for two species to share the same niche.

NameDateChapter2ClassReinforcement and Study GuidePrinciples of Ecology, continuedSection 2.2 Nutrition and Energy FlowIn your textbook, read about how organisms obtain energy and about matter and energy flow in ecosystems.Answer the questions below. Use the diagram of a food web to answer questions 1–7.SnakeFrogBirdInsectPlant1. How many food chains make up the food web?2. Which organism is an herbivore?3. Which organism is an autotroph?Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.4. Which organism is a third-order heterotroph? To what trophic level does that organism belong?5. Which organism is an omnivore?6. Which organisms belong to more than one food chain?7. Which organism belongs to more than one trophic level?8. What are decomposers? Where would decomposers appear in this food web?9. What does a pyramid of energy show about the amount of energy available at different trophic levelsof a food chain?10. Why do different trophic levels have different amounts of energy?REINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDEBIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life9

NameDateChapter2ClassReinforcement and Study GuidePrinciples of Ecology, continuedSection 2.2 Nutrition and Energy FlowIn your textbook, read about cycles in nature.Circle the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.11. Energy that is lost at each trophic level of an ecosystem is replenished bya. heat.b. nutrients.c. sunlight.d. organisms.12. Besides energy, what moves through the organisms at each trophic level of an ecosystem?a. organismsb. nutrientsc. sunlightd. cycles13. Evaporation and condensation a part of thea. carbon cycle.b. nitrogen cycle.c. phosphorus cycle.d. water cycle.14. Plants lose water to the air througha. condensation.b. photosynthesis.c. their roots.d. evaporation.15. Animals lose water when theya. breathe in.b. urinate.c. breathe out.d. both b and c.16. The major process by which water in the atmosphere is returned to the earth isa. precipitation.b. evaporation.c. photosynthesis.d. decomposition.17. Autotrophs and heterotrophs use carbon-containing molecules for energy and fora. photosynthesis. b. growth.c. decomposition.d. both a and b.19. Heterotrophs get carbon-containing molecules bya. making the molecules themselves.b. feeding on other organisms.c. decaying.d. growing.20. When decomposers break down the carbon-containing molecules in dead organisms,a. the dead organisms are converted to coal.b. oxygen is released.c. carbon dioxide is released.d. carbon dioxide is converted to energy-richcarbon-containing molecules.21. Fertilizers provide plants witha. nitrogen.b. carbon.c. water.d. oxygen.22. Which of the following convert(s) nitrogen from air into a form plants can use?a. bacteriab. lightningc. sunlightd. both a and b23. Plants use nitrogen to makea. carbohydrates. b. nitrogen gas.c. amino acidsd. both b and c.24. An animal returns nitrogen to the environment when ita. breathes.b. decomposes.c. urinates.d. both b and c.25. Animals get phosphorus froma. the air.b. eating plants.c. water.d. the soil.26. Phosphorus in the soil comes froma. rocks.b. decaying organisms.c. the air.d. both a and b.10BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of LifeREINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDECopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.18. What do plants use in photosynthesis to make carbon-containing molecules?a. carbon dioxide b. carbohydratesc. fertilizerd. oxygen

NameDateReinforcement and Study GuideChapter3ClassCommunities and BiomesSection 3.1 CommunitiesIn your textbook, read about living in a community.If the statement is true, write “true” on the line. If it is not true, rewrite the italicized part tomake it true.1. The interactions of abiotic and biotic factors result in conditions that are suitable for some organismsbut not for others.2. Food availability and temperature can be biotic factors for a particular organism.3. A limiting factor is any biotic or abiotic factor that promotes the existence, numbers, reproduction, ordistribution of organisms.4. At high elevations where the soil is thin, vegetation is limited to large, deep-rooted trees.5. Factors that limit one population in a community may also have an indirect effect on another population.6. Tolerance is the ability of an organism to withstand fluctuations in biotic and abiotic environmentalfactors.Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.7. A population of deer would become larger as conditions move away from optimal toward eitherextreme of the deer’s range of tolerance.8. Different species may have different ranges of tolerance.In your textbook, read about succession: changes over time.Use each of the terms below just once to complete the onspeciesslows downThe natural changes and (9) replacements that take place in the communitiesof ecosystems are know as (10) . It can take (11) or even centuriesfor one community to (12) , or replace, another. When new sites of land are formed, asin a lava flow, the first organisms to colonize the new area are (13) species. This colonization is called (14) succession. The species inhabiting the area gradually change.Eventually, succession (15) and the community becomes more stable. Finally, a maturecommunity that undergoes little or no change, called a (16) community, develops.REINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDEBIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life11

NameDateChapter3Communities and Biomes, continuedClassReinforcement and Study GuideSection 3.1 CommunitiesFor each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching item in Column B.Column AColumn Ba. a severe drought17. Sequence of community changes where soilis formed, allowing small, weedy plants toinhabit the areab. primary succession18. Sequence of community changes occurringas a result of a natural disaster, suchas a forest firec. amount of plant growth19. A stable, mature community with littleor no succession occurringd. secondary succession20. An example of a biotic limiting factoraffecting a community of organismse. climax community21. An example of an abiotic limiting factoraffecting a community of organisms22. Grasses, ferns, and pine seedlings inhabited the area.23. Annual wildflowers grew from the bare soil.24. A fire burned thousands of acres of land.25. A climax community of lodgepole pines developed.26. Bare soil covered the area.12BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of LifeREINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDECopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.The statements below describe the secondary succession that occurred within an area ofYellowstone National Park. Number the events in the order in which they occurred or will occur.

NameDateChapter3Communities and Biomes, continuedClassReinforcement and Study GuideSection 3.2 BiomesIn your textbook, read about aquatic biomes: life in the water.Complete each statement.1. A large group of ecosystems sharing the same type of iscalled a .2. Biomes located in bodies of , such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, are called.3. The water in marine biomes is .4. Oceans contain the largest amount of , or living material, of any biome on Earth.Yet, many of the organisms are so that they cannot be seen without magnification.5. The is that part of marine biomes shallow enough to be penetrated by sunlight.6. Deep-water regions of marine biomes receiving no sunlight make up the .Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.Circle the letter of the response that best completes the statement.7. Many rivers eventually flow intoa. a lake.b. a stream.c. an ocean or a sea.d. a swamp.8. The body of water where fresh water from a river mixes with salt water is calleda. an estuary.b. a shoreline.c. a sandbar.d. a sea.9. Organisms living in intertidal zones have structural adaptations that protect them froma. the dark.b. sunlight.c. wave action.d. temperature.10. Life is abundant in photic zones becausea. there are no waves.c. the water is clean.b. the water is cold.d. there are many nutrients.11. The greatest number of organisms living in the photic zone of a marine biome area. dolphins.b. plankton.c. plants.d. sharks.12. Fewer organisms live at the bottom of a deep lake than at the top because of the lack ofa. sunlight.b. space.c. niches.d. bacteria.REINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDEBIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life13

NameDateChapter3Communities and Biomes, continuedClassReinforcement and Study GuideSection 3.2 BiomesIn your textbook, read about terrestrial biomes.Answer the following questions.13. Which two abiotic factors generally determine the type of climax community that will develop in aparticular part of the world?14. In which terrestrial biome is the ground permanently frozen?15. What are some adaptations that desert plants have developed?Write the name of each major terrestrial biome next to its description.17. Arid land with sparse, drought-resistant plants, minimal rainfall18. Largest terrestrial biome that supports small plants and grasses,but few trees19. Treeless land where ground remains frozen except for top few centimeters20. Warm, highly humid land that supports many species of organisms; extensive annual rainfall21. Land with coniferous forests, peat swamps, and long, harsh winters22. Land populated with broad-leaved hardwood trees that lose their leavesannually14BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of LifeREINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDECopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.16. Describe the three layers of a tropical rain forest, including organisms that live in each layer.

NameDateReinforcement and Study GuideChapter4ClassPopulation BiologySection 4.1 Population DynamicsIn your textbook, read about the principles of population growth.Refer to Graphs A and B below. Answer the following questions.Graph ASizeofPopulationGraph BSizeofPopulationTimeTime1. What type of population growth is shown in Graph A? Explain this type of growth.2. Which graph shows the most likely growth of a squirrel population living in a forest?Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.3. Which graph shows a population’s growth under ideal conditions?4. Why don’t populations of organisms grow indefinitely?Use each of the terms below just once to complete the passage.growscarrying capacitybelowbirthsaboveunderdeathsexceedThe number of organisms of one species that an environment can support is called its(5) . If the number of organisms in a population is (6) theenvironment’s carrying capacity, births (7) deaths and the population(8) . If the number of organisms rises (9) the carrying capacityof the environment, (10) will exceed (11) . This pattern willcontinue until the population is once again at or (12) the carrying capacity.REINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDEBIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life15

NameDateChapter4Population Biology, continuedClassReinforcement and Study GuideSection 4.1 Population DynamicsCircle the letter of the choice that best completes the statement.13. The most important factor that determines population growth is the organism’sa. social pattern.b. carrying capacity.c. reproductive pattern.d. feeding pattern.14. Organisms that follow a rapid life-history patterna. have short life spans.b. have small bodies.c. reproduce early.d. all of the above15. Organisms that follow a slow life-history patterna. have small bodies.b. mature rapidly.c. reproduce slowly.d. all of the above16. A limiting factor that has an increasing effect as population size increases isa. temperature.b. habitat disruption.c. drought.d. competition.In your tex

A GLENCOE PROGRAM BIOLOGY: THE DYNAMICS OF LIFE Glencoe Online SCIENCE Visit the Glencoe Science Web site . 7. _ is another word for “living thing. ” 8. . The basic unit is the ce

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