Design And Stress Analysis Of Threshing Cylinder Drum For .

OCT 2019 IRE Journals Volume 3 Issue 4 ISSN: 2456-8880Design and Stress Analysis of Threshing Cylinder Drumfor A Combine Paddy Harvester (25HP)WINT WINT THET1, SOE KYAW2, MYINT MYINT SEIN31, 2, 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pyay Technology UniversityAbstract- Threshing is the most important functionof grain harvester. Grain loss and damage inharvesting are significantly related to threshingtheory and technology. There are four kinds ofthreshing principles including impact, rubbing,combing and grinding. Four types of contact modelsbetween grain and threshing components have beenconstructed correspondently. Grain damage can beregarded as a function of peripheral velocity andcontact pattern of impacting. Tangential and axialthreshing technologies have been applied in grainthreshing system widely. The purpose of this paperis to design the threshing cylinder for combinepaddy harvester (25hp) and to analysis the shearstress distribution in threshing cylinder due toapplied torque in it. This paper discusses about thethreshing cylinder of combine paddy harvester asaxial flow type produced in Industrial Zone at Pyay.The threshing cylinder is attracted with threshingdiscs, bars and teeth. The threshing cylinder isconstructed with mild steel and threshing teeth aremade with medium carbon steel. The speed of thethreshing shaft is 540rpm at power supplied 8kW.The theoretical results are achieved shear stress is5.49MN/m² and the angle of twist is 0.297. Thevalidation of model is compared with the theoreticaland simulation results of shear stress and the angleof twist are within the limits. Weight of threshingcylinder, power, pulley design, belt design, shaftdiameter, threshing torque, torsional moment,bearing design, and critical speed are considered inthis paper.Indexed Terms- Grain Harvester, Axial flow stressanalysis, Critical speed, Power, Shaft diameterI.seeds from the stalks and husks. It does so by beatingthe plant to make the seeds fall out.Before such machines were developed, threshing wasdone by hand with flails: such hand threshing wasvery laborious and time-consuming, taking aboutone-quarter of agricultural labour by the 18thcentury. [1]Mechanization of this process removed asubstantial amount of drudgery from farm labour.The first threshing machine was invented circa 1786by the Scottish engineer Andrew Meikle, and thesubsequent adoption of such machines was one of theearlier examples of the mechanization of agriculture.During the 19th century, threshers and mechanicalreapers and reaper-binders gradually becamewidespread and made grain production much lesslaborious.Separate reaper-binders and threshers have largelybeen replaced by machines that combine all of theirfunctions that is combine harvesters or combines.However, the simpler machines remain important asappropriate technology in low-capital farmingcontexts, both in developing countries and indeveloped countries on small farms that strive forespecially high levels of self-sufficiency. Forexample, pedal-powered threshers are a low-costoption, and some Amish sects use horse-drawnbinders and old-style threshers.As the verb thresh is cognate with the verb thrash(and synonymous in the grain-beating sense), thenames thrashing machine and thrasher are (lesscommon) alternate forms.INTRODUCTIONA threshing machine or a thresher is a piece of farmequipment that threshes grain, that is, it removes theIRE 1701717ICONIC RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING JOURNALS185

OCT 2019 IRE Journals Volume 3 Issue 4 ISSN: 2456-8880increase and unthreshed grains decrease with theincrease in cylinder speed. Though the unthreshedgrainlosses decrease but the total grain lossesincrease with the increase in cylinder speed [9].Zakaria developed the threshing drum in a localstationary thresher to suit separation of flax capsules.The machine was tested under feed rates of 8.57,12.86, 17.14 and 21.43 kg/min, and four drum speedsof 24.25, 25.81, 27.33, and 28.85 m/s. The resultsshowed that the optimum performance was at drumspeed of 28.85 m/s, feed rate of 8.57 kg/min, drumfingers of 12 and separation time of 15 secondswhere the threshing efficiency was 96.92% [06Zak].Fig.1. Exploded view of various components ofconventional thresher[11]Parts Description12345678910111213141516171819201 Star bladeStar shaftStar shaft pulleyIdler pulleyPTO PulleyFlywheelConventional beatersPedal fan blowerFlywheelMain cylinder beater shaftFeeding chuteCasing of fan blowerPulleyConcave sheaveFrame for sheaveFeeding frameCam for vibrating motion of meshSmall cleaning chaff blowerVibrating meshMain frame of thresherEl-Sharabasy mentioned that using both full andpartial mechanization system for harvesting andthreshing rice crop at the higher forward speeds andlower grain moisture contents, recorded minimumconsumed energy and cost requirements. Also usingpartial or full mechanization for harvesting rice cropsaved time, effort, and total cost requirements andalso cleared the rice crop from the field as fast aspossible than traditional manual system [07Eis].II.DESIGN OF T HRESHING CYLINDER DRUMFOR A C OMBINE P ADDY H ARVESTERA. Design flow diagram of Threshing Cylinder DrumIn order to mechanize this process, two main types ofstationary threshing machines have been developed.They are “through-flow” type combine harvester and“axial-flow” type combine harvester.The mechanicalthreshing operation becomes a customary practicenow. The effect of cylinder speed on threshingperformance is highly significant all machinesettings. Power consumption and broken grainsIRE 1701717ICONIC RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING JOURNALS186

OCT 2019 IRE Journals Volume 3 Issue 4 ISSN: 2456-8880B. Flow Chart diagram of Threshing Cylinder DrumStress analysisNumber of discsn-3Diameter of teethDtmm14Length of teethLmm86Number of teethn-108Speed of threshingcylinderNrpm540TABLE II. RESULT TABLE FOR THRESHINGCYLINDERParametersSymb Uni ValueoltWeight of threshing discs WdiscsN19III.DESIGN SPECIFICATION AND RESULTSInput data for design calculations is obtained fromKyaukse Industrial Zone. They are;TABLE I. SPECIFICATIONS FOR DESIGNCALCULATIONParametersSymbol Uni ValuteDiameter of barDbmm 31.75Length of barLmm 1339.Number of barsn6Outer diameter ofDomm 472.outside disc4Inner diameter ofDimm 444.outside disc5Length of cylinderDomm 1358Diameter of teethDimm12Thickness of discstmm4IRE 1701717Weight of threshing teethWeight of threshing barsWteethWbarsNNWeight of threshing shaftFNWeight of threshingcylinderThreshing PowerThreshing TorqueFNPTAngular ABLE III. RESULT TABLE FOR gerPulleyParametersUnitPower inputkW83.622.314Tension intight sideTension inslack sideVelocity ofweakerpulleyLength ofbeltMass of perlengthDansity ofrubber beltPower 114032.2363.622.3193NICONIC RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING JOURNALS187

OCT 2019 IRE Journals Volume 3 Issue 4 ISSN: 2456-8880Number ofbelt-322TABLE IV. RESULT TABLE FOR SHAFT DESIGNParametersSymboUnitValuelTorsional MomentMtN-m141.4Diameter of theshaftBending Stressdmm43σbMN/m²22Shear StressτMN/m²5.49Angle of Twistθdegree0.297Deflectionδmm8.654 10-5TABLE V. RESULT TABLE FOR BEARINGDESIGNParametersSymboUnitValuelLife in working hoursLnhr8000Loading ratioC/P7.81Equivalent bearing loadPNBasic dynamic loadingCNdSKF-6280mmBearing numberInner race max;diameterOutside diameterWidthIV.DBmmmm2662.83620796.75Fig. 3. Simulation Results of Stress due to torque onThreshing Cylinder using Alloy SteelFig. 4. Simulation Results of Strain due to torque onThreshing Cylinder using Alloy Steel408018STRESS ANALYSIS OF THRESHINGCYLINDERFig. 5. Simulation Results of Deflection due to torqueon Threshing Cylinder using Alloy SteelFig. 2. Three Dimensional Drawing of Threshingcylinder using Solidworks softwareFig. 6. Simulation Results of Stress due to torque onThreshing Cylinder using A36 Steel (or) Mild SteelIRE 1701717ICONIC RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING JOURNALS188

OCT 2019 IRE Journals Volume 3 Issue 4 ISSN: 2456-8880and the number of belts was calculated. In bearingdesign and selection, the appropriate bearing numberswas calculated for each bearing. After checking theresults, existing theories and calculated results arenearly the same. In the simulation results, thecalculation value of shear stress and angle of twist areexisted at the limited value of simulation results.Fig. 7. Simulation Results of Strain due to torque onThreshing Cylinder using A36 Steel (or) Mild SteelSo, design is satisfactory. But there are some weakpoints in the design calculations of the machine.Because calculations are made by considering onlyload conditions on the driving shaft and other forcesare not considered such as dynamic, vibration effectso on. And also feed rate and moisture content ofpaddy are not considered in this paper. In addition,calculations of critical speed of shaft and, deflectionare considered. The stress analysis is made by usingSolidWorks Simulation.VI.Fig.8. Simulation Results of Deflection due to torqueon Threshing Cylinder usingTABLE VI. RESULT OF STRESS, STRAIN ANDDISPLACEMENT DUE TO TORQUESr.NoType ofMaterialsStress(NM/m2)Strain1AllysteelA36Steel (or)MildSteel7.7861.140 10-8.408 10-551.305 10-8.624 10-552V.7.511Deflection(mm)RESULT AND DISCUSSIONIn the threshing cylinder design, total cylinderweight, threshing power, threshing speed, threshingtorque and moment was calculated. In the designcalculations of power transmission shafts,calculations are made by assuming that the shafts arein the state of torsion and bending only. In V-beltdrive calculation, the appropriate belt type to be usedIRE 1701717CONCLUSIONThis paper is designed of threshing unit forcombining paddy harvester with 472 mm diameterand 1339.85mm length cylinder from the PyayIndustrial Zone and got the specification data from it.Design calculations of these machines are necessaryto decide whether they are fitted with standards ornot. After checking the simulation results, existingtheories result are achieved within the range of thesimulation results. So design is satisfied.REFERENCES[1] Abdulkadir Baba Hassan, Matthew SundayAbolarin. “The Design and Construction of MaizeThreshing Machine,”Niger State Nigeria. 2009.[2] PSG Tech. “Design data. Faculty of dsamy Naidu College of Technology (PSGTech), DPV Printers, Coimbatore, India.1989.[3] Oni, K.C.; and Ali, M.A. “Factors influencing thethreshability of maize in Nigeria.”AgriculturalMechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America(AMA) 17(4): 39-44. 1986.[4] Kaul,R.N.;and Egbo,C.O “Introduction toagricultural Mechanization Macmillan,” London,England, UK. pp. 128-41. 1985.[5] Robert L. Mott, P.E, 1985. “Machine Elements inICONIC RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING JOURNALS189

OCT 2019 IRE Journals Volume 3 Issue 4 ISSN: 2456-8880Mechanical Design,Company,” New York.Macmillan Publishing[6] Black, P.H.; and Adams, O.E., Jr. “Machinedesign. 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill,”New York, NY,USA. 1968.[7] Robert L. Mott, P.E,. “Machine Elements inMechanical Design, Macmillan PublishingCompany,” New York. 1985.[8] International Rice Research Institute (IRRI),“Standard Paper of Throw-in Type Thresher,”Drawing and Test .1981.[9] Lambert Henry Wilkes, M.S.,“Farm Machineryand Equipment.”McGraw-Hill Book Company,New York. 1961.[10] Williams, W.A. “Mechanical power transmissionmanual.”Conover-Mast Publ., New York, NY,USA. 1953.[11] https://www.academia.edu/35679133/DESIGN OF BEATER WHEAT THRESHER COMPONENTS.IRE 1701717ICONIC RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING JOURNALS190

for A Combine Paddy Harvester (25HP) WINT WINT THET1, SOE KYAW2, MYINT MYINT SEIN3 1, 2, 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pyay Technology University Abstract- Threshing is the most important function of grain