Hi G H Sc H O O L He R O E S Organ And Tissue DOnaTiOn .
H igh S chool H eroesOrgan and Tissue Donationclassroom GuideRyanHeart recipientIeshAKidney recipient
RyanHeart recipient
Contents467891011121416183840IeshAKidney recipientAcknowledgementsLetter to EducatorGoals and ObjectivesUnderstanding the Benefits of DonationDispelling Myths and MisunderstandingsMaking the Donation DecisionNational Organ Donation StatisticsCommonly Asked QuestionsSample LessonExtension ActivitiesReproducible MaterialsResources & Related WebsitesReferences
AcknowledgementsThe High School Heroes program was developed and supported by a consortium of organizationsresponsible for the recovery and transplant of organs and tissue in New Jersey. These organizations are alsoresponsible to promote and educate New Jersey residents about the importance and benefits of donationand transplantation. Together these organizations make up what is known as Donate Life New Jersey.The members of Donate Life New Jersey include: Gift of Life Donor ProgramKidney & Urology Foundation of AmericaLions Eye Bank of Delaware ValleyLions Eye Bank of New JerseyMusculoskeletal Transplant Foundation New Jersey Coalition on DonationNew Jersey Hospital AssociationNew Jersey Sharing NetworkState of New Jersey Motor Vehicle CommissionDonate Life New Jersey would like to give special thanks to the sponsors ofthe New Jersey Hero Act [S755/A1935]Primary Sponsors Senate President Richard J. CodeySenator Barbara BuonoSenator Joseph F. VitaleAssemblyman John F. McKeon Assemblywoman Mila M. Jasey Assemblyman Albert Coutinho Assemblyman Patrick J. Diegnan, Jr.Co-Sponsors Senator John H. AdlerSenator Bill BaroniSenator Robert M. GordonSenator Thomas H. Kean, Jr. Senator Robert W. Singer Senator Dana L. ReddSenator Loretta WeinbergSenator Jim WhelanAssemblyman Herb Conaway, Jr.Assemblywoman Valerie Vainieri HuttleThe Sharing Network Foundation was created in 2006 to support the mission and work of NJ SharingNetwork by raising and granting money to promote organ and tissue donation. The Sharing NetworkFoundation would like to thank our funding partners for their ongoing financial support and gratefullyacknowledges their contributions 4Astellas Pharma US, Inc.Community Foundation of New JerseyETHICONLions Eye Bank of New JerseyNovartis Overlook Hospital FoundationRocheSchering-PloughTransplant FoundationZampella Family Charitable TrustI’m a hero.are you?
Donate Life New Jersey appreciatively acknowledges members of the ClassroomGuide Advisory Committee:Margaret ChaplinLions Eye BankExecutive DirectorKevin HylandManasquan High SchoolHealth TeacherMichael DiPianoSt. Benedict’s Prep. SchoolVice PrincipalTracy JeanMusculoskeletal Transplant FoundationCommunications ManagerBrock BarberDonate Life New JerseyVolunteer SpeakerPierre Embrey, Ed.D.NJ Sharing NetworkHigh School Outreach and EducationManagerJudy LoBiancoNJAHPERDPresidentMolly BerkowitzMeridian Health NetworkRN, BSN Trauma NurseDavid FieldSummit High SchoolHealth TeacherFrank BodinoTransplant Speakers InternationalPresidentAmy GarciaNJ Sharing NetworkHigh School Outreach and EducationCoordinatorTara ArtesiThe Sharing Network FoundationAssistant Director of Programs andDevelopmentGene BaileyElizabeth High SchoolHealth TeacherPatricia BoyceNJ Sharing NetworkAssistant Volunteer CoordinatorPatrick Buddle, M.D.Jersey Shore Medical CenterMedical Director Department ofRehabilitationJim GleasonGift of Life Donor ProgramVolunteer SpeakerJohn GreenGift of Life Donor ProgramDirector, Community RelationsNancy ButnickLiberty Science CenterDirector of Online EducationPatricia HardinVernon High SchoolHealth TeacherEdie CamelGift of Life Donor ProgramAssistant Director, Community RelationsNicolyn HastingsFreehold Regional High School DistrictHealth Teacher5I’m a hero.are you?Ruth and Allan PennerNJ Sharing NetworkVolunteer SpeakersCarolyn ShermanFreehold Regional High School DistrictHealth TeacherKathy TetleyKearny High SchoolHealth SupervisorSandy ToronziNorth Warren Regional High SchoolHealth TeacherMichael UssakNJ Sharing NetworkVolunteer CoordinatorVirginia WernerEast Side High SchoolHealth Teacher
Dear Educator,As you may already know, the New Jersey Hero Act is recently approved legislation that mandates theinclusion of organ and tissue donation information into the core curriculum content standards for healthand physical education.Specifically, beginning with the 2009-2010 school year, each public high school in New Jersey is required toensure information about organ and tissue donation is included in the health curriculum for grades 9-12.The legislation also requires that each public institution of higher education in the state provide informationto its students, either through student health services or as part of the curriculum.The health and wellness of New Jersey’s residents depends on critically important legislation like the NewJersey Hero Act that emphasizes the fundamental responsibility of individuals to take the appropriateaction to help save another person’s life, if possible.In order to address the legislative mandate outlined above, Donate Life New Jersey offers health teachersthe High School Heroes Classroom Guide. The guide was developed by collaborating with health teachers,supervisors and organizations involved with organ and tissue donation. It was piloted in eight public andprivate high schools ranging from the rural to urban areas of the state, and contains advice to students onhow to become a real hero.Donate Life New Jersey believes the New Jersey Hero Act and the High School Heroes Classroom Guidepresent a bold and unique opportunity to help close the gap between people on the waiting list and peoplewho are willing to make the decision to become an organ and tissue donor.We hope that we can count on your support by engaging students with this vital life saving information.Sincerely,Donate Life New Jersey6I’m a hero.are you?
Goals and ObjectivesGoalsProvide high school students throughout the state with the knowledge and skills needed to make aninformed decision about donation and to share that information with family, friends, and fellow students.Teaching ObjectivesI.Emphasize the benefits of organ and tissue donation to the health and well-being of society generally,and to individuals whose lives are saved by organ and tissue donation, so that students will be motivatedto make an affirmative decision to register as a donor when they become adults.II. Fully address myths and misunderstandings regarding organ and tissue donation. Discuss the numberone myth and introduce documented facts.III. Explain how to become a hero by making the designation to become an organ and tissue donor.Christopher’s FATHERHis hero, living kidney donorI’m a hero.are you? Organ and tissuedonation saves lives!ChristopherKidney recipient7I’m a hero.are you?
Objective I: BackgroundUnderstanding the Benefits of Donation Just one organ donor can save the lives of eight of the over 100,000 men, women and children who are onthe national waiting list for organ transplants. Just one organ donor can save the lives of eight of the nearly 4,500 men, women and children who arewaiting for a life-saving transplant in New Jersey. Just one tissue donor can provide for up to 50 life-enhancing transplants. The following organs can be donated: the lungs, heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, and intestines. The following tissue can be donated: corneas, bone, tendons, ligaments, skin, saphenous veins, heart valvesand fascia lata (fibrous tissue that covers muscle).Tissue donation includes corneas, bone,tendons, ligaments, skin, saphenous veins,heart valves and fascia lata (fibrous tissuethat covers muscle).8I’m a hero.are you?
Background for Objective II:Dispelling Myths and MisunderstandingsCommon Myths9The FactsDoctors won’t save my life if theyknow I’m an organ donor.The decision to be a donor will in no way affect thelevel of medical care for a sick or injured person. Theteam of doctors and nurses involved in treating you isnot involved with the transplant/recovery team, whichis called in only after death has occurred and thedecision for donation has been confirmed.My religion does not support organand tissue donation.All major organized religions approve of organ andtissue donation and consider it an act of charity.The body is often mutilated in order toobtain organs and tissue.Organs and tissue are removed with dignity, in asterile surgical procedure like that performed ona living patient.Rich and famous people get moved tothe top of the waiting list.Organs are computer matched according tocompatibility of donor and recipient tissue, determinedby various tests, waiting time, and the medical need ofthe recipient. Social or financial data are not part of thecomputer database and, therefore, are not factors in thedetermination of who receives an organ.If I donate my organs my familywill not be able to hold a funeralservice for me.Organ or tissue donation does not usually interferewith customary funeral plans, including those withopen casket viewings.It will cost my family money to donatemy organs.There is never a charge to the family of the donor fororgan recovery. All associated costs are paid by theorgan procurement organization.If I have a history of medical illnessthen my organs or tissue are unfit fordonation.At the time of death, the appropriate medicalprofessionals will review your medical and socialhistories to determine whether you can be a donor.With recent advances in transplantation, many morepeople than ever before can be donors.There is a black market for buying andselling organs in the U.S.It is illegal in the U.S. to buy or sell organs and there isno documented case of this ever happening.I’m a hero.are you?
Objective III: BackgroundMaking the Donation Decision (How to become a Hero)To become an organ and tissue donor hero you should do two things:Step 1: When you turn 18 and apply for your unrestricted driver license you will be asked if you’d likethe “Organ Donor” designation to appear on your license. By saying yes the words “OrganDonor” will appear on the front of your license and will be included in your computer recordwith the Motor Vehicle Commission (MVC).If you are already 18 and do not have the donor designation on your license and would like tomake the donor designation you can either:a.Renew your license at Motor Vehicle and ask to have the donor designation put on yourlicense.Orb. Make your designation online at www.donatelifenj.org. Your decision will be registered inthe MVC computer record until you reapply for your license at the MVC.Step 2: Tell your family about your decision so they will carry out your decision. If there is nodesignation on your driver license or other legal means of donor designation, the final decisionabout organ and tissue donation will be made by your family.Digital Driver License10I’m a hero.are you?
National Organ Donation Statistics for 20082,437,000The number of people who died in the US, between June 2007 and June 2008.*9,786The number of people who died in 2008 in a manner that allowed them to beconsidered potential donors. This is only about 1% of the total deaths in the US forthat year.**6,861The number of people who died in 2008 that had made their decision to be an organdonor known or whose family consented on their behalf.6,521The number of actual donors in 2008 (this number only includes deceased donors).Less than 1% of the people who died in 2008 were able to become actual donors.100,000 The number of people that were waiting for a life saving transplant at year end 2008.***Because of the small number of donors each year, the gap between the number of people waiting fora life saving transplant and the number of donated organs available continues to grow.The national Organ Transplant Availability Gap 1998-2008Waiting 90020012002200320042005200620Statistics change frequently, for the most up to date national and local statistics visitwww.UNOS.org.*National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 57, No 11, February 17, 2009**www.HRSA.gov***www.UNOS.org11I’m a hero.are you?07200820
Commonly Asked QuestionsWhat is the organ and tissue donation process in New Jersey?1. A person passes away. A person either dies of cardiac death or faces imminent death from anirreversible injury to the brain. Most people who become donors are brain dead.2. A New Jersey Organ Procurement Organization (OPO) is contacted. Every death that takes place ina hospital in the state must be referred to one of the OPOs that serve New Jersey. In the case of acardiac death the OPO must be contacted within 2 hours of the death. As per national legislation, inthe case of brain death the OPO is contacted when it is determined that death is imminent.3. Consent for donation is obtained. The MVC data base is checked to see if the person is registered asan organ and tissue donor. If the person is not registered as an organ and tissue donor then OPOtransplant coordinators will ask the family for consent. The transplant coordinators are responsiblefor managing the donor to make sure that the gift is maximized to save as many lives as possible. Thetransplant coordinators also assist in family counseling. Others who may be involved include griefcounselors, pastoral care personnel or the primary physician.4. The potential donor is evaluated. A series of tests is done to determine if that person’s organs andtissue are fit for donation.5. A transplant recipient is identified. All patients awaiting transplantation are listed in the UnitedNetwork for Organ Sharing (UNOS) computer registry. The statewide list is checked first, except in thecase of kidneys, which are sent to perfectly matched patients, regardless of that patient’s location. If nopatient is identified in New Jersey, then the regional list is checked and finally the national list.6. Surgical privileges are granted to remove the organs. Transplants must be performed within 4 to 48hours. Recovery of all organs is performed in the operating room by surgeons, with the assistance ofoperating room personnel, just as with any other surgical procedure. Tissues may be recovered eitherin the hospital or outside of the hospital at a surgical recovery site by a tissue recovery specialist.7. The donated organ is transferred to the transplant center where the patient has been identified. Atransplant is performed. The donor becomes a hero by helping to save lives of others.8. The donated tissue is transferred to a tissue bank where it is processed and made ready for transplant.The tissue is then transferred to a medical facility where the transplant will be performed. The donorbecomes a hero by helping to enhance the lives of others.12I’m a hero.are you?
What are the different types of organ and tissue donors?A. Brain dead donorsMost organ donors fall into this category of donation. They are healthy people who have experienceda severe, life-ending trauma to the brain and are declared brain dead, meaning that brain function hasirreversibly and permanently ceased. This occurs when injury causes the brain to swell and obstruct itsown blood supply. Without blood flow, all brain tissue dies within a short period of time.Potential donations include: heart, intestine, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, bone, cartilage, corneas/eyes, heart valves, ligaments, saphenous veins, and tendons.B. Cardiac deceased donorsDonation after cardiac death occurs when there is irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratoryfunctions.Potential donations include: heart, intestine, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, bone, cartilage, corneas/eyes, heart valves, ligaments, saphenous veins, and tendons.C. Living donorsA living person may donate an organ or part of an organ from his/her own living body fortransplantation. The first successful living donor kidney transplant was performed between 23-year oldidentical twin brothers in 1954.Potential donations include: one kidney, partial liver, partial lung, and partial pancreas. Also bonemarrow and blood are common donations from a living donor.Do I have to renew my organ donor designation every time my license is renewed?Yes. Every time you renew your license, be sure to indicate your donor designation.Can my relatives make the donation decision?In the absence of a donor designation or if an individual is under 18, the family is responsible for making alldecisions regarding donation. This is why you should talk to your family about your decision.People of all ages and medicalhistories should considerthemselves potential donors.13I’m a hero.are you?
Sample LessonOverviewThis sample lesson will introduce your students to the benefits of organ and tissue donation, andexplore the fact/myths surrounding the topic. Students will learn how they can become heroesthrough registering as an organ and tissue donor. When students turn 18 they will be asked tomake a decision about organ and tissue donation on their license.This sample provides options for adjusting the length of the lesson. Option 1 is designed to takeless class time and Option 2 is designed to go more in depth. These two options can be mixedand matched to suit the needs of any classroom. All worksheets and handouts can be found inthe reproducible section of this guide. They are listed in the order that they are used in the lesson.The minimum time recommended for teaching this material should be two traditionalsessions or one block session.Learning Objectives Students will be able to understand and describe the benefits of organ and tissue donation. Students will be able to differentiate between facts and myths related to organ and tissue donation. Students will be able to make an informed decision about becoming an organ and tissue donor.NJ Core Curriculum Content Standards 2004 version coveredwithin this lesson2.2.12.E Leadership Advocacy and Service2.2.12.B Decision Making2.1.12.D Diseases and Health ConditionsPreparation1. Make copies of all student handouts.2. Set up video viewing equipment.Step 1: Introduction Introduce the topic by asking students how many of them know someone who has been affected by organ and tissuedonation. Allow a few students to share their stories. Tell students that today they are going to learn about organ and tissue donation so they can make an informeddecision about donation.Step 2: Knowledge Assessment Option 1. Administer pre-test to students. Explain to students that for this lesson they will betaking a short pre and post-test to compare what they know about organ and tissue donation beforeand after the lesson. Option 2. Administer pre-test to students the day before the sample lesson and the post-test the dayfollowing the sample lesson.14I’m a hero.are you?
Step 3: Video Option 1. “Ray of Hope” (15 min) the story of a North Carolina mascot who died in a tragic accident andwas able to save the lives of four people and countless others by being an organ and tissue donor. Distributethe “Ray of Hope” discussion questions to the students, and watch the video. Option 2. “The Wait” (30 min) the story of four local students who are on the waiting list to receive anorgan. Distribute “The Wait” discussion questions to the students and watch the video.Step 4: DiscussionReview answers to the video discussion questions either in small groups or as a whole class.Extension: Learn more about Jason Ray and the people whose lives he has saved by visiting ESPN’s“Ray of Hope” E-ticket on-line at http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/eticket/story?page rayofhopeStep 5: Facts/Myths and Statistics Option 1. Hand out the Do you know the facts? worksheet. Students place a true or false next to eachstatement. Go over the correct answers as a class. Option 2. Use the Get the Facts PowerPoint to go over major statistics. Follow up with a knowledgeassessment using the Do you know the facts? worksheet.
Contents 4 acknowledgements 6 Letter to educator 7 Goals and objectives 8 Understanding the Benefits of Donation 9 Dispelling Myths and Misunderstandings 10 Making the Donation Decision 11 national organ Donation statistics 12 Commonly asked Questions 14 sample Lesson 16 extension activities 18 Reproducible Materials 38 Resources & Related Websites 40 References IesHa Kidney recipient
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