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Guidelines for ‘Bangla QR’ Code Based PaymentsPayment Systems DepartmentBangladesh BankJanuary 2021
Revision HistoryDateVersionAmendment / Change DescriptionJanuary 20211.0Initial publicationVersion 1Page 2 of 11
TABLE OF CONTENTS1.0 Introduction .42.0 Purposes of the Guideline .43.0 Scope/Applicability.44.0 Participants in a QR Code based Transaction .55.0 Bangla QR Logo .56.0 Transaction Flow of a QR Payment .57.0 Merchant on boarding for QR Payments .78.0 Clearing and settlement.79.0 Security .710.0 Transaction Limits .811.0 Transaction Notifications .812.0 Fees and Charges .813.0 Dispute Management .8Version 1Page 3 of 11
1.0 IntroductionBuilding a safe, secured and efficient payment and settlement system in the country requirescontinuous efforts from all related stakeholders i.e. Regulators, Banks, Mobile Financial Service(MFS) providers, Payment System Operator (PSO), Payment Service Providers (PSP), PaymentSchemes etc. These organizations play a pivotal role in encouraging and adopting newtechnologies such as Quick Response (QR) code which is a low cost retail payment solution. QRcode is a two dimensional bar code initially invented for the auto industry eventually becamepopular in processing payments worldwide as a contactless payment method. Acquisition ofsmall merchants will now be possible using QR codes instead of currently practiced expensiveacquisition process using Point of Sales (POS) devices. This low cost technology will enable allmerchants including small and micro merchants to be a part of the digital payment ecosystem.Some Banks, Payment Schemes, MFSs, PSPs and PSOs have already prepared their ownstandards and infrastructures for facilitating closed loop/Proprietary QR code based payments,this however would increase inefficiency in the overall payment systems. In this backdrop,Bangladesh Bank in consultation with the stakeholders has developed a National QR CodeStandard for Retail Payment named ‘Bangla QR’ for open loop interoperable QR code basedpayments. Here, we have adopted EMV Merchant-Presented QR Code Specification (EMV QRCPS), where merchant will display its QR code and customer will scan the QR code usinghis/her financial institution’s solution.2.0 Purposes of these Guidelinesi.To promote the use of low cost QR code based payments throughout the country.ii.To provide regulatory framework about branding, merchant on-boarding, fees & chargesand dispute Management etc. for the participants.3.0 Scope/ApplicabilityThese guidelines are applicable for all members (Issuers, Acquirers, Transaction Processors,Third Party Payment Aggregators, Customers and Merchants) who will take part in MerchantPresented Mode of QR code based payments.Version 1Page 4 of 11
4.0 Participants in a QR Code based TransactionThe QR code based Payment System consists of the following members:a. Acquirer – the Banks/MFSs/PSPs/PSOs that enrolls merchants, assigning merchant ID,maintaining merchant record/account and settling funds for merchants. Acquirer alsofacilitates QR code payments by providing application solution for merchants as well asfor customers.b. Issuer – Institutions that facilitates QR payments from its customer’s account (i.e.current savings account, debit/credit/prepaid card, MFS account, e-wallet account etc.).c.d.e.f.Issuer usually on boards the customers (individuals and merchant) and provides QR codebase transaction processing solution.Transaction processor – A payment infrastructure provider which processes all off-ustransactions by routing them to the appropriate participant and provides net settlementposition to its participants and arrange to send the same to the settlement bank forposting.Third Party Payment Aggregator - An entity that provides support to the merchants tofacilitate electronic payments, these support include onboarding merchants directly, oron behalf of the acquirer. In case of direct onboarding, the entity needs to obtain licensefrom the Bangladesh Bank as PSO (WLAMA).Customer - An entity who maintains account (current/savings account, debit/credit/prepaid card, MFS account, e-wallet account etc.) with the issuer.Merchant - An entity engaged in the business of selling of goods and services enrolledwith an acquirer for receiving electronic payments.5.0 Bangla QR LogoTo ensure the uniformity of National QR Code Standard, Bangladesh Bank has developed a logotermed as ‘Bangla QR’. This logo represents the interoperable QR Code based retail paymentsand should be displayed in each merchant point to facilitate ‘Bangla QR’ payments. The logo of‘Bangla QR’ must be developed according to the format given in Annexure-1. The acquirer shallalso comply with the template as per Annxure-2. The ‘Bangla QR’ template should be clearlyvisible and readable to the customers. Apart from paper or sticker, ‘Bangla QR’ may bedisplayed in virtual form on any device screen.6.0 Transaction Flow of a QR PaymentTo encourage seamless Bangla QR payments, the applications provided by the issuer should beuniform. Bangladesh Bank suggests to customize the steps for QR code based payments asfollows:Version 1Page 5 of 11
Figure: Steps of QR code based paymentsThe following image depicts a generic mobile application user interfaces and process flow:Figure: QR code based user interfaces (Static)In this instance, the merchant will display a generic QR code which contains merchant’spayment information without amount. Customer will scan the QR code and enter the payableamount in his/her mobile application and process the payment.Figure: QR code based user interfaces (Dynamic)In this instance, the merchant will generate specific QR code which contains merchantinformation including amount for each payment. Customer will scan the QR code and paywithout entering the amount in his/her mobile application.Version 1Page 6 of 11
7.0 Merchant on boarding for QR PaymentsQR code based payments opened the opportunity for the acquirers as well as for the merchantsby enabling them to accept digital payments cheaply and easily. Bangla QR code will increasecustomers’ financial service accessibility and interoperability in payment ecosystem. For therapid expansion of QR code based payments, acquirers should prepare their strategy consideringthe following issues:i.ii.Acquisition of merchants for Bangla QR payments will be decided by existing riskanalysis and mitigation method (for example acquirer can segregate the merchants basedon their sales volume, business nature, services offered etc).Acquirers shall adopt the merchant acquisition policy in compliance with the regulationsprovided by Bangladesh Bank and BFIU.8.0 Clearing and settlementAll successful Bangla QR transactions must be authorized by the issuer and transactioncompletion information will be notified to related customer and merchant instantly. Transactionswhich are processed through Bangladesh Bank’s network will be settled on the next businessday. Participants will receive all the Clearing and Settlement reports including detail informationat the end of each clearing cycle as usual.9.0 Securityi.ii.iii.iv.v.vi.Version 1The Bangla QR code is prepared according to the EMVCo standard. So, the acquirersand issuers shall adopt related security features instructed by EMVCo.Acquirers and issuers shall follow card and other relevant controls mentioned inguidelines on ‘ICT Security for Banks and Non-Bank Financial Institutions’ issued byBangladesh Bank.Acquirers and issuers shall comply with relevant circulars issued by Bangladesh Bankregarding Card Present and Card Not Present (CNP) transactions from time to time.Acquirers shall provide merchant awareness to ensure presentation of legitimate QRcode.Issuers shall aware their customers to verify merchant’s name and details while payingthrough Bangla QR.For security purposes, issuers shall adopt transaction limits in line with clause 11 of theseguidelines for QR code based transactions.Page 7 of 11
10.0 Transaction LimitsMerchants will be able to accept funds by using Bangla QR from various payment instrumentsincluding bank account, debit card, credit card, pre-paid card, MFS account and e-walletaccount. Therefore, the number and amount for daily transaction for each category of accountwill be determined by the issuers as per their existing policy. However, Bangladesh Bank shalldetermine any transaction limit deemed necessary and will provide notification to theparticipants regarding such limits from time to time.11.0 Transaction Notificationsi.ii.Issuers shall notify customers the transaction status in real-time via SMS/email.Acquirers shall notify the merchants the transaction status in real-time via SMS/email.12.0 Fees and Chargesi.ii.Acquirers are strictly advised to make sure that the cost of Merchant Discount Rate(MDR) shall not be passed on to the customer.Fees and charges for transactions processed through Bangladesh Bank’s network will beas per Bangladesh Bank directives while the fees for other processors will be based ontheir policy. However, processors are encouraged to reshuffle their fee structure in linewith the fees of Bangladesh Bank’s network as much as possible.13.0 Dispute ManagementIn case of on-us transactions, there should be a clearly defined and disclosed DisputeManagement Procedure for merchant and customer by respective service provider. While for noton-us transaction, acquirers and issuers should follow transaction processor’s disputemanagement guideline. The transaction processor(s) are encouraged to adopt shorter disputemanagement timeframe for Bangla QR payments.Version 1Page 8 of 11
Annexure-1: Bangla QR Logo DetailsVersion 1Page 9 of 11
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Annexure-2: TemplateScan and PayMerchant InformationScheme LogoLogo(s) of one ormore participatingscheme(s)to be placed here.The size of eachlogo should besame.Acquirer InformationVersion 1Page 11 of 11
prepaid card, MFS account, e-wallet account etc.) with the issuer. f. Merchant - An entity engaged in the business of selling of goods and services enrolled with an acquirer for receiving electronic payments. 5.0 Bangla QR Logo To ensure the uniformity of National QR Code Standard, Ba
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