Evidence-Based And Evidence-Informed Psychosocial .

Disruptive Behavior Disorders (including Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder)Treatment/ Developer(s)Age range FormatBrief DescriptionBehavioral InterventionsAll agesIndividual,Behavior therapy applies principles of learning theory, such as classicalB.F. Skinner, PhDfamily, groupconditioning, to eliminate symptoms and change ineffective ormaladaptive patterns of behavior. Treatment involves an understanding ofboth the antecedents and consequences of the target behavior(s).Parent Behavior Management3-8Parent sessions, Parent behavior management training (e.g., Triple P, Helping theTrainingdyadic sessionsNoncompliant Child, Parent Child Interaction Therapy, ParentRobert Wahler, Constance Hanf,Management Training, The Incredible Years) is a framework for therapyMartha E. Bernal, Geraldthat focuses on teaching the parent effective strategies to use withPattersonchildren who are having behavioral difficulties.Brief Strategic Family Therapy6-17FamilyBSFT is designed to: (1) prevent, reduce, and/or treat adolescent(BSFT)*behavior problems such as drug use, conduct problems, delinquency,Family Therapy Trainingsexually risky behavior, aggressive/violent behavior, and association withInstitute of Miamiantisocial peers; (2) improve prosocial behaviors such as schoolattendance and performance; and (3) improve family functioning,including effective parental leadership and management, positiveparenting, and parental involvement with the child. BSFT is typicallydelivered in 12-16 family sessions, but can be adapted depending on theseverity of family issues. Sessions are held in locations convenient to thefamily, including the home, in some cases.Cognitive Problem-Solving Skills7-13IndividualCPSST attempts to decrease a child's inappropriate or disruptiveTraining (CPSST)behaviors by teaching new skills in situations that previously provokedDeborah Rosch Eifert, PhDnegative behavior. The child is the focus of treatment, and is helped todevelop new perspectives and solutions. The goal of treatment is to teachby problem-solving and challenging dysfunctional thoughts.Helping the Non-Compliant Child3-8Parent trainingHNC is a family-based skills training program for children withRobert J. McMahon, PhDOppositional Defiant Disorder. The goal is to improve parent-childinteractions in order to reduce the escalation of problems into moreserious disorders. HNC assumes that faulty parent-child interactions playa significant role in the development and maintenance of problembehaviors, and seeks to teach children acceptable behavior throughpositive attention from caregivers.5

Incredible Years*Carolyn Webster-Stratton, PhD0-12Individual,group, parenttrainingMultidimensional TreatmentFoster Care (MTFC)*3-17Residential,family therapyMultisystemic Therapy (MST)Scott W. Henggeler, PhD12-17Family,IndividualsessionsParent-Child InteractionalTherapy (PCIT)*Sheila Eyberg, PhD, ABPP0-8Parent sessions,Dyadic sessionsParent Management Training(PMT)Alan E. Kazdin, PhD3-16Family, ParentsessionsParent Management TrainingOregon Model (PMTO)*Gerald Patterson, PhD2-18Parent sessionsPatricia Chamberlain, PhDThe Incredible Years is designed for children with challenging behaviors,and focuses on building social and emotional skills. Interventions aredelivered 2-3 times per week in a group setting that involves small-groupactivities, practicing skills throughout the day, and communicating withparents, focusing on identifying feelings, getting along with friends, angermanagement, problem solving, and behavior at school. Parent trainingprograms focus on positive discipline, promoting learning anddevelopment, and involvement in children’s life at school.MTFC is an alternate treatment for youth in residential facilities, who aregiven a therapeutic environment in a foster home to improve their abilityto live in the home rather than institutional settings and preparescaregivers for youth’s return home. Outcomes include decrease insubstance use and decrease in elopement of youth in the foster caresystem.MST is a family and community based treatment program that aims tochange the systems (i.e., school, community) that impact chronic andviolent juvenile offenders. To improve the quality of life for the child andtheir families, this treatment assumes that the systems play an importantrole in the child’s behavior, and therefore should be the focus of theinterventions.PCIT is an empirically-supported treatment for young children withemotional and behavioral disorders that places emphasis on improvingthe quality of the parent-child relationship and changing parent-childinteraction patterns through live coaching during dyadic treatment.PMT teaches parents positive ways to manage their child’s behavior,though discipline techniques and age-appropriate supervision. Thisapproach embraces the following principles: Increased positive parenting practices, such as providing supportive andconsistent supervision and discipline Decreased negative parenting practices, such as harsh punishmentand focus on inappropriate behaviors Consistent mild punishment for disruptive behavior Predictable, immediate parental responsePMTO is a behavior intervention program for children and teens withserious conduct problems. The five core parenting skills include (1)Encouragement: teaching through the use of praise and incentives, (2)Limit setting: use of negative, non-physical consequences, (3) Monitoringand Supervision: checking on behavior at home and elsewhere, (4)Family Problem Solving: making decisions with the family’s input, and (5)Positive Parent: parent showing interest, care, and attention.6

Parenting with Love and Limits(PLL)*Scott P. Sells, Ph.D., LMFT,LCSW10-18Triple P- Positive ParentingProgram*Matthew Sanders, PhD0-16Treatment/ Developer(s)Cognitive Behavioral Therapy(CBT)Age rangeAll agesBehavioral Family SystemsTherapyArthur L. Robin, PhDSharon L. Foster, PhDCognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT)Anthony Ryle, MDAll agesGroup, FamilyPLL combines group therapy and family therapy to treat children andadolescents with severe emotional and behavioral problems andfrequently co-occurring problems such as depression, alcohol or druguse, chronic truancy, destruction of property, domestic violence, orsuicidal ideation. PLL teaches families how to reestablish adult authoritythrough consistent limit setting while reclaiming a loving relationship, andis designed to help families apply skills and concepts to real-life situationsto prevent relapse.Family, ParentTriple P draws on social learning, cognitive behavioral and developmentalSessionstheories, as well as research about risk factors for the development ofsocial and behavioral problems in children. The main goal is to increasethe knowledge, skills, and confidence of parents to reduce the prevalenceof mental health, emotional, and behavioral problems in children andadolescents.Eating DisordersFormatBrief DescriptionIndividualCBT is based on the theory that how we think about a situation affectshow we act and that, in turn, our actions can affect how we think and feel.The therapist demonstrates how anorexia is often associated withunhealthy and unrealistic thoughts and beliefs regarding food and diet.The therapist encourages the adoption of healthier, more realistic ways ofthinking that lead to more positive behavior.FamilyBFST is a multidisciplinary treatment in which the therapist works closelywith the child’s pediatrician and nutritionist. The goals of this treatmentare to (1) restore the child’s body weight, (2) change the child’s eatinghabits and attitudes, (3) address body image issues, (4) changemaladaptive family dynamics that have negatively affected the child’sability to attain developmental milestones and tasks, and (5) help thechild achieve their developmental milestone of autonomy andindividuation. BFST does not blame family dynamics for the developmentof the eating disorder, but puts the parents in charge of the adolescent’seating patterns.IndividualCAT integrates psychodynamic and behavioral factors, and focuses oninterpersonal issues. CAT involves a three-stage process: 1.Reformulation – looking for past events that may explain why theunhealthy patterns developed, 2. Recognition – helping people see howthese patterns are contributing towards the anorexia, and 3. Revision –identifying changes that can break these unhealthy patterns.7

Focal Psychodynamic Therapy(FPT)All agesFamily Therapy- MaudsleyApproachDaniel Le Grange, PhDJames Lock, MD, PhDInterpersonal Therapy (IPT)Gerald Klerman, MDAll agesMotivational InterviewingMotivational EnhancementTraining for Eating Disorders (MIMET)All agesTreatment/ Developer(s)Behavioral Treatment ofEnuresis, ConditioningOrval Hobart Mowrer, PhDWillie Mae Mowrer, PhDAge rangeAll agesFull Spectrum Home Training(FSHT)Arthur Houts, PhDRobert Liebert, MDNo agerangeTreatment/ Developer(s)Exposure and ResponsePrevention (ERP)Victor MeyerAge rangeAll agesAll agesIndividualFPT encourages people with anorexia to think about how early childhoodexperiences may have affected them. The aim is to find more successfulways of coping with stressful situations and negative thoughts andemotions.FamilyThe treatment is a short term form of family therapy that enlists parents’aid in changing disordered eating patterns in children by structuredmonitoring as well as building positive associations with food andnutrition.IndividualDuring IPT, the therapist explores negative issues associated with one’sinterpersonal relationships and how these issues can be resolved. Thistreatment is particularly effective for adolescents with Bulimia.IndividualMI-MET Motivational Interviewing is a method that works on facilitatingand engaging intrinsic motivation within the client in order to changebehavior. MI is a goal-oriented, client-centered counseling style thatelicits behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolveambivalence.Elimination DisordersFormatBrief DescriptionParent support/Behavioral interventions for children with enuresis utilize conditioningconsultationstrategies (such as using a urine-sensitive alarm), regular monitoring oftoileting practices, and intermittent reinforcements of the desiredbehavior. This treatment is used for children with nocturnal enuresis thatinvolves night awakening to the sensation of a full bladder.Portabletransitorized alarms respond to drops of urine and set off an alarm. Overtime, the child awakens earlier and earlier until the sensation of a fullbladder wakes the child before wetting occurs. Overlearning andintermittent replacement are the final stages of this treatment. Thistreatment is highly effective for children who do not have a conclusivemedical explanation for enuresis.ParentFSHT is a manual-guided behavioral treatment that focuses on teachingconsultationparents/caregivers skills to implement with enuretic children in the home.Treatment includes bell-and-pad training, cleanliness training, retentioncontrol training, and overlearning.Tic DisordersFormatBrief DescriptionIndividualERP involves gradual exposure to situations or cues that increase theoccurrence of tics. Interventions are aimed at preventing compulsivebehaviors by helping the client become sensitized to stress triggers andteaching behavior strategies that decrease their anxiety response.8

Comprehensive BehaviorInterventions for Tics (CBIT)Lori Rappaport, PhDHabit Reversal Training (HRT)Nathan Azrin, PhD,Treatment/ Developer(s)Alternatives or Families: ACognitive Behavioral Therapy(AF-CBT)David J. Kolko, PhD, ABPPAttachment Self-Regulation andCompetency (ARC)Margaret Blaustein, PhDKristine Kinneburgh, LICSWChild and Family TraumaticStress Intervention (CFTSI)*Steven Marans, MSW, PhDSteven Berkowitz, PhDSteven Southwick, MDChild Parent Psychotherapy(CPP)*Alicia Liebermann, PhDPatricia van Horn, PhD, JDEye-Movement Desensitizationand ReprocessingFrancine Shapiro, PhDAll agesIndividualCBIT is a behavioral treatment that reduces tic severity. CBIT trainschildren to be more aware of tics, teaches them to engage in competingbehavior when tic urges are felt, and supports them in making changes todaily activities that help reduce tics.All agesIndividualHRT is a behavioral technique in which the client learns a new way ofresponding to a feared situation and stops responding to a previouslylearned cue. It is used to reduce unhelpful repetitive behaviors, such astics, hair-pulling, and nervous habits.Trauma Related Disorders and Attachment DisordersAge range FormatBrief Description5-15Individual,AF-CBT is a treatment approach that incorporates cognitive therapy,Parent, andbehavior and learning theories, family therapy, developmental theory, andFamily sessions traumatology. It is designed to address issues of violence in families byimproving interpersonal skills and reducing violent behaviors in schoolage children and their families.3-17Individual,The ARC framework is a flexible, component-based intervention forParent, andchildren and adolescents who have experienced complex trauma, and isFamily sessions theoretically grounded in attachment, trauma, and developmentaltheories. ARC specifically addresses three core domains impacted byexposure to chronic, interpersonal trauma: attachment, self-regulation,and developmental competencies.7-18FamilyCFTSI is a brief, acute intervention and aims to reduce earlyposttraumatic stress symptoms, to decrease the likelihood of traumatizedchildren developing long-term posttraumatic psychiatric disorders, and toassess children's need for longer term treatment. The interventionfocuses on increasing communication between the caregiver and childabout the child's traumatic stress reactions, and on providing skills to thefamily to help cope with traumatic stress reactions.0-6Dyadic, parentCPP integrates psychodynamic, attachment, trauma, cognitivesessionsbehavioral, and social-learning theories. The therapy includes the childand caregiver and it targets the effects of family violence on the parentchild relationship and the child’s mental health.13 IndividualEMDR is a specific integrative psychotherapy approach for the treatmentof trauma. The therapy involves visualizing the traumatic event whileconcentrating, for example, on the rapid horizontal movements of atherapist’s finger.9

Preschool PTSD Treatment(PPT)*Michael Sheeringa, PhD3-6IndividualReal Life Heroes (RLH)*Richard Kagan, PhD6-17Individual,FamilySeeking Safety*Lisa Najavits, PhD13 Individual,GroupSITCAP-ART (TraumaIntervention Program forAdjudicated and At-Risk Youth)*Caelan Kuban, LMSWTrauma Affect Regulation: Guidefor Education and Therapy(TARGET)*Julian Ford, PhD12-17Individual,Group13 Individual,GroupPPT uses cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques, includingpsychoeducation, affect identification and modulation, relaxation skills,and exposure through narrative trauma processing. Caregivers areincluded in treatment process to support their attunement to, andunderstanding of, the child’s trauma responses.RLH is based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) models for treatingposttraumatic stress disorder and includes safety planning, traumapsychoeducation, skill building in affect regulation and problem solving,cognitive restructuring of beliefs, nonverbal processing of events, andenhanced social support. Goals are accomplished using nonverbalcreative arts, narrative interventions, and gradual exposure to helpchildren process their traumatic memories and bolster their adaptivecoping strategies.Seeking Safety is a present-focused treatment for trauma and substanceabuse and focuses on coping skills and psychoeducation. It has five keyprinciples: (1) safety as the overarching goal (helping clients attain safetyin their relationships, thinking, behavior, and emotions); (2) integratedtreatment (working on both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) andsubstance abuse at the same time); (3) a focus on ideals to counteractthe loss of ideals in both PTSD and substance abuse; (4) four contentareas: cognitive, behavioral, interpersonal, and case management; and(5) attention to clinician processes (helping clinicians work oncountertransference, self-care, and other issues).SITCAP-ART is a program for traumatized adolescents who are onprobation for delinquent acts, and is based on structured sensory therapy,integrating sensory-based activities and cognitive-reframing strategies.TARGET is a strengths-based approach to education and therapy forsurvivors of physical, sexual, psychological, and emotional trauma. Itteaches a set of seven skills (summarized by the acronym FREEDOM-Focus, Recognize triggers, Emotion self-check, Evaluate thoughts, Definegoals, Options, and Make a contribution) that can be used by traumatizedchildren to regulate extreme emotion states, manage intrusive traumamemories, promote self-efficacy, and achieve lasting recovery fromtrauma.10

Trauma-Focused CognitiveBehavioral Therapy (TF-CBT)*Judith Cohen, MDEsther Deblinger, PhDAnthony Mannarino, PhD0-17Trauma Focused Coping (TFC)*10-18Lisa Amaya-Jackson, MD, PhDErnestine Briggs-King, PhDTraumatic Incident Reduction(TIR)*Frank. A. Gerbode, MD13 Treatment/ Developer(s)Motivational Interviewing (MI)William R. Miller, PhDAge rangeAll agesFamily Behavior Therapy (FBT)Bradley Donohue, PhD13 Individual withFamily sessionsTF-CBT is a manualized therapy approach for children and adolescentswho are experiencing emotional and behavioral difficulties related totraumatic life events. It combines a trauma-lens with CBT, family therapy,and strength based principles and techniques. The modules arerepresented by the acronym PRACTICE: Psycho-education, ParentingSupport, Affect Modulation, Cognitive Coping, Trauma Narrative, In Vivopractice, Conjoint Session, Enhancing Future Safety.GroupTFC (or Multimodality Trauma Treatment), is a school-based groupintervention that uses a skills-oriented, peer- and counselor-mediated,cognitive behavioral approach. The intervention provides youth withgradual exposure to stimuli that remind them of their trauma. Thesessions move from psychoeducation, anxiety management skill building,and cognitive coping training to activities involving trauma narratives andcognitive restructuring.IndividualTIR is a brief, memory-based, therapeutic intervention that is designed toresolve symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression,anxiety, and low expectancy of success (i.e., low self-efficacy) byintegrating dissociated cognitive and emotional aspects of traumaticmemory. In session, the therapist facilitates the client's examination andresolution of a past trauma.Substance Use DisordersFormatBrief DescriptionIndividualMI is a directive, client-centered counseling style for eliciting behaviorchange by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence. Comparedwith nondirective counselling, it is more focused and goal-directed.Individual,FBT is a behavioral treatment aimed at reducing drug and alcohol use inDyadicadults and youth along with common co-occurring problem behaviorssuch as depression, family discord, school and work attendance, andconduct problems. Interventions include (1) the use of behavioralcontracting procedures to establish an environment that facilitatesreinforcement for performance of behaviors that are associated withabstinence from drugs, (2) implementation of skill-based interventions toassist in spending less time with individuals and situations that involvedrug use and other problem behaviors, (3) skills training to decreaseimpulsive behavior problems, including the urge to use drugs, (4)communication skills training to establish social relationships with otherswho do not use substances and effectively avoid substance abusers, and(5) training for skills that are associated with getting a job and/orattending school.11

Motivational EnhancementTreatment/Cognitive BehaviorTherapy (MET/CBT)Susan Sampl, PhDRonald Kadden, PhDSeeking SafetyLisa Najavits, PhDTreatment/ Developer(s)Dialectical Behavioral Therapy(DBT)Marsha Linehan, PhDModular Approach to Therapy forChildren with Anxiety,Depression, Trauma, or C

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for Anxiety All ages Individual CBT for anxiety is effective in the treatment of Panic Disorder, Phobias, Social Anxiety Disorder, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Role play, modeling, and contingency management are used to address unhelpful thoughts and behaviors tha