Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs & Systems
Unit 4: Cells, Tissues,Organs & SystemsChapter 10: “The cell isthe basic unit of life.”
Cells & Living ThingsWhat are living things madeof?Early idea: all living thingsare made of air, fire andwater
Now: all living things aremade of cells (cell theory)Cell: thebasic,functionalunit of life
Characteristics of Living ThingsAll living things.1. Grow2. Move3. Respond to stimuli4. Reproduce
Growth A result of the cells in yourbody increasing in number New cells will grow toreplace old cells that die.
Movement A change in position, shapeor location (locomotion)
Respond to Stimuli Stimulus: anything thatcauses an organism to react. Maybe external or internal
Identify the stimulus & response
Reproduction Producing more of the samekind (offspring)
The Compound Light Microscope
The Compound Light MicroscopePARTEyepieceBody tube (barrel)Coarse adjustment knobFine adjustment knobObjective lensesRevolving nosepieceStageIris diaphragmLight sourceBaseArmFUNCTION
Total Magnification.power of objective lenspower of eyepiece lens
Core Lab Activity 10-1ASetting Up andUsing a MicroscopePg.384-5
The Cell Theory states: The cell is the basic unit oflife. All living things are made ofone or more cells. All cells come from otherliving cells.
Cell Organelles.Cell membrane: Found in both plant and animalcells Surrounds and protects thecontents of the cell Controls the movement ofmaterials in and out of the cell
Cytoplasm: Found in both plant andanimal cells Jell-like fluid that in which theorganelles float Helps to move materials likefood to different parts of thecell
Cell wall: Found only in plant cells Tough, rigid structure that giveplant cells their box-like shape Made mostly of cellulose
Nucleus: Found in both plant andanimal cells Large round structure oftenvisible Contains the chromosomes The “control centre” of the cell
Vacuole: Balloon-like spaces in thecytoplasm Store materials that can not beused right away Found in both plant andanimal cells (smaller and morenumerous in animal cells)
Mitochondrion: Oval, bean-like structures Produces energy by breakingdown food particles Found in both plant andanimal cells
Chloroplast: Green structures that containchlorophyll Capture the sun’s energy forphotosynthesis Found only in plant cells
PLANTANIMALCell membraneCytoplasmCell wallBrick shapeRound shapeNucleusVacuoleMitochondrionChloroplastLarge & fewSmall & many
Plant vs. Animal CellsVacuole
Dividing Cells Necessary for growth andreproduction Will replace cells that aredead or in need of repair How does this happen?
Mitosis Occurs in body cells(somatic cells) not in sexcells (egg and sperm cells) Bacteria cells reproduce inthis matter
Energy for Cells Cells need energy for all lifeprocesses. Energy is stored in foodcalled glucose (a type ofsugar)
To release energy cells mustcarry out cellularrespiration. Here theenergy is converted toanother form of energy. Takes place in themitochondrion.
Most energy is released asheat. Oxygen is necessary forcellular respiration. Carbon dioxide and watervapour are waste gasesproduced. These areremoved from the cell.
Cells & Living Things What are living things made of? Early idea: all living things . basic, functional unit of life. Characteristics of Living Things All living things. 1. Grow 2. Move 3. Respond to stimuli 4. Reproduce. Growth A result of the cells in your . A change in positi
B organisms, organ systems, organs, tissues, cells C tissues, cells, organs, organisms, organ systems D organs, organ systems, organisms, cells, tissues 8 All of the following are true EXCEPT: A Skin is an organ. B Tissues are made up of organs. C Each organ is made up of its own kind of tissue. D Tissues are made up of cell.
AKSCI 2011 Alaska Department of Education and Early Development Cells Build Tissues, Organs, and Body Systems CELLS BUILD TISSUES, ORGANS, AND BODY SYSTEMS cells share basic parts, but the genes contained in the nucleus are a blueprint of the cell and direct it to form different tissues, organs and systems.
How are organisms organized? Many-celled organisms are organized in cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. Cells: Animals and plants are many-celled organisms. Animals are made up of many kinds of cells. You are made of blood cells, bone cells, skin cells, and many others. A plant also has different cells in its roots, stems, and leaves.
Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. For example, your brain is made mostly of nervous tissue, which consists of nerve cells. The next largest unit of organization is tissues.File Size: 1MB
Tissues, Organs, and Organ System Lesson Key points Humans—and other complex multicellular organisms—have systems of organs that work together, carrying out processes that keep us alive. The body has levels of organization that build on each other. Cells make up tissues, tissues make up o
Modules which are part of Biology (Human) specifications only. * Only part of this chapter is required in the module: the sections needed are indicated in the te xt. The content you need for your AS exam. MICROSCOPES AND CELLS (1) 1 Cells are the basic units of organisms. In many organisms, cells are organised into tissues and tissues into organs. Several organs often link into an organ system .
Biology Cells The cell is a unifying concept in biology, you will come across it many times during your two years of A level study. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells can be distinguished on the basis of their structure and ultrastructure. In complex multicellular organisms, cells are organised into tissues, tissues into organs and organs into .
Study of internal structure of plants is called anatomy. Plants have cells as the basic unit, cells are organised into tissues and in turn the tissues are organised into organs. Different organs in a plant show differences in their internal structure. Within angiosperms, the monoco
