ANCIENT EGYPT - Little Bee Books

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ANCIENT EGYPT1

BLAST BACK!ANCIENT EGYPTIf you purchased this book without a cover, you should be aware that this book is stolenproperty. It was reported as “unsold and destroyed” to the publisher, and neither the authornor the publisher has received any payment for this “stripped book.”by Nancy Ohlinillustrated by Adam LarkumA division of Bonnier Publishing853 Broadway, New York, New York 10003Copyright 2016 by Bonnier PublishingAll rights reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form.LITTLE BEE BOOKS is a trademark of Bonnier Publishing Group, and associatedcolophon is a trademark of Bonnier Publishing Group.Manufactured in the United States LB 0216First Edition 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:Names: Ohlin, Nancy, author. Larkum, Adam, illustrator.Title: Blast back! : ancient Egypt / by Nancy Ohlin ; illustrated by Adam Larkum.Description: First edition. New York : little bee books, 2016. Includes bibliographical references.Subjects: LCSH: Egypt—Civilization—To 332 B.C.—Juvenile literature. Egypt--History—To 332 B.C.—Juvenile literature.Classification: LCC DT61 .O36 2016 DDC 932.01--dc23LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015039047Identifiers: LCCN 2015039047 ISBN 9781499801163 (pbk) ISBN 9781499801170 (hc) ISBN 9781499804034 (eBook)littlebeebooks.combonnierpublishing.com23

BLAST BACK!ANCIENT EGYPTCONTENTS94Introduction13A Brief History of Ancient Egypt21Geography and Climate30Getting Around40Gods and Goddesses51Pharaohs56Pyramids62The Afterlife67Everyday Life82Health and Medicine86Crime and Punishment92The End of a Civilization98How Do We Know All This?106The Legacy of Ancient Egypt110Selected Bibliography5

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BLAST BACK!ANCIENT EGYPTINTRODUCTIONWhen you hear people talk about “AncientEgypt,” you might think of things like mummiesand pyramids. But what was Ancient Egypt reallylike? What did people do for fun? What kinds ofpets did they have? And what were those pyramidsfor, anyway?Let’s blast back in time for a little adventure andfind out. . . .89

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BLAST BACK!ANCIENT EGYPTA BRIEF HISTORYOF ANCIENT EGYPTYou’re wondering: What exactly is Ancient Egypt?Ancient Egypt is a civilization. “Civilization”means the society, culture, and way of life of aparticular time and place.It’s “ancient” because it’s more than fivethousand years old.1213

BLAST BACK!ANCIENT EGYPTAncient Egypt would not have been possiblewithout the Nile River and rain. Lots of rain. Everysummer, heavy rains to the south of Egypt madethe water level of the river rise. The river f loodedand soaked the lands along its banks.This watery, goopy mud became rich, fertile soilthat was perfect for farming. People moved to thisarea and began growing wheat, barley, f lax, andother crops. They formed villages. Eventually, theysplit into two districts: Upper Egypt and LowerEgypt, also known as the “Two Lands.”1415

BLAST BACK!ANCIENT EGYPTAround five thousand years ago, the TwoLands united and became the kingdom of Egypt.This event is often considered to be the beginningof Ancient Egypt. The civilization lasted forapproximately three thousand years, until Egyptwas folded into the Roman Empire (and possiblyeven later, until the Islamic conquest of Egypt). Thecountry of Egypt still exists today, although it is nolonger called a “kingdom.”Ancient Egypt can be dividedroughly into these key periods:1617

BLAST BACK!ANCIENT EGYPTExperts are still trying to figure out dates, names,and other details regarding Ancient Egypt. It wasa long time ago, and we don’t have all the necesnecessary records and remains to be absolutely certainabout everything. New discoveries and new theoriescontinue to be made. Egyptology, the study ofAncient Egypt, is a fascinating field!1819

BLAST BACK!ANCIENT EGYPTGEOGRAPHYAND CLIMATEIf you could see Egypt as it was thousands of yearsago, you would notice a lot of interesting things.Like today’s Egypt, Ancient Egypt was in northeastern Africa on the banks of the Nile River. Evenback then, the Nile was the longest river in theworld. And even back then, it was home to animalslike crocodiles and hippos.2021

BLAST BACK!ANCIENT EGYPTMany houses were set on raised ground nearthe river and some may have been close to the edgeof the desert, too. This was because the AncientEgyptians wanted to prevent their homes fromwashing away during f loods. (This doesn’t happenanymore, thanks to a big dam that was constructedin the 1960s called the Aswan High Dam.)There were farms, towns, and villages up anddown the river on both sides. Beyond them wasdesert—miles and miles of desert. Some nomadslived in the desert.2223

BLAST BACK!ANCIENT EGYPTThe climate of Egypt has become even more aridover time. Weather-wise, there are two seasons: ahot summer, which goes from May to October, anda mild winter, which goes from November to April.The houses were built out of mud bricks, whichworked well in the arid, or dry, climate. If it hadrained a lot in Egypt, the mud bricks might havedissolved and turned into plain old mud!2425

ANCIENT EGYPT The houses were built out of mud bricks, which worked well in the arid, or dry, climate. If it had rained a lot in Egypt, the mud bricks might have dissolved and turned into plain old mud! The climate of Egypt has become even more arid over time. Weather-wise, there are two seasons: a

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