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GRADE 3SubtractionWORKSHEETS

Subtraction mental strategies – related factsKnowing one addition fact means you also know two related subtraction facts.Because 7 3 10 you also know that 10 – 7 3 and 10 – 3 71Show the related addition and subtraction facts for each set of digits. The first one ispartially completed for you.ac24812b97168 4 4 8 12–4 – 12–8 – 71320d81018 – – – – Ring a section of the dots in each box and write a related number sentence for each.The first one is partially done for you.a 19b 18c 16Copyright 3P Learning8Grade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.21

Subtraction mental strategies – patternsRecognizing patterns in subtraction is useful in extending known facts.Can you see the pattern in this set of facts?17 – 3 14137 – 3 34Extend each set ofsubtraction patternsin the sets belowand then shade theanswers on this grid:a Set 1821112131415161718191212223242526272829227 – 3 56575859547 – 3 446162636465666768696b Set 69798999102030405060708090100c Set 3–2 25 –4 19 –6 18 –2 35 –4 29 –6 28 –2 45 –4 39 –6 38 –2 55 –4 49 –6 48 –2 65 –4 59 –6 58 –2 75 –4 69 –6 68 –2 85 –4 79 –6 78 –2 95 –4 89 –6 Extend this subtraction pattern beyond the hundred grid:88 –7 b98 –7 c108 –7 d 118 –7 e 128 –7 f138 –7 aCopyright 3P LearningGrade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.22

Subtraction mental strategies – bridge to tenA ten frame is useful to show the bridge to ten strategywhen subtracting.Here are 17 counters in 2 tens frames.When you see 17 – 8 ? , cross out 8 from the first ten framethen add what is left.1217 – 8 9Use each ten frame to subtract using bridge to ten. Cross out the number of countersthat are subtracted from the first ten frame:a16 –9 b13 –7 c14 –9 d15 –8 Write a subtraction fact that matches each ten frame:a– b– c– d– Copyright 3P LearningGrade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.23

Subtraction mental strategies – bridge to ten3Complete the subtraction wheels. Use a ten frame in your mind.511a69713 –311b10513 4461318 –188 10Find the mystery number. Use the clues to write a matching subtraction fact.Add the answers for a to c, and then subtract from 50. This is the mystery number.a–b –c – Show your working here:The mystery number is:5Complete these subtraction squares. Subtract the rows and columns as shown bythe arrows:a–15583b10–155Copyright 3P Learning1815Grade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.212964

Subtraction mental strategies – bridge to tenBridge to the next ten and then count up what is left.25 – 16 9 4 51662025Use the number lines to bridge to ten: a 52 – 15 1520 b 62 – 13 1320 c 75 – 12 12d 92 – 14 14Copyright 3P LearningGrade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.25

Subtraction mental strategies – bridge to ten7Complete the subtraction frame to match this number line:– 8 7128Here is a jar of 165 shells. Three kids guessed how many shells werein the jar. Use bridge to ten on the number lines to show how closeeach guess was. The first one is done for you.165 – 152 a Jo’s guess: 15213 8 5152160b Liam’s guess: 158165– – 158c Joel’s guess: 154d Whose guess was the closest?Copyright 3P LearningGrade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.26

Subtraction mental strategies – counting upIf there is only a small difference between the numbers, use counting up to findthe difference.See: 32 – 28 ?Think: What can you add to 28 to get 32? Count up by 4. 420 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 4012Find the difference between these by counting up.a 32 – 29 b33 – 28 c34 – 27 d 71 – 68 e82 – 76 f73 – 69 g 83 – 77 h 112 – 109 i 201 – 196 With function machines,numbers go in, have the ruleapplied and then come out.Use counting up to complete these function machines.aInRule Outb4171447342– 377545cInInRule Out– 6872Rule OutdInRule OuteIn1221019612510593124– 119107123Copyright 3P Learning– 9892103Grade 3 SUBTRACTION Rule Out– 89943.NBT.27

Subtraction mental strategies – counting up3Complete each table of subtraction facts by counting up.Table 1a4bTable 2Table 3c21 – 19 33 – 28 20 – 17 33 – 29 42 – 38 101 – 97 48 – 39 51 – 48 33 – 27 64 – 59 95 – 88 52 – 47 Complete each table of subtraction facts. Can you still use counting up?Table 1a5Look for the patternin each table.bTable 2Table 3c– 38 4– 18 3– 79 6– 19 4– 69 4– 48 6– 47 4– 98 4– 39 6– 29 4– 77 4– 19 6Roll a die and write this number in the triangle, then complete the subtraction:a156– b76– c283– d91– e 292– f100– g48– h90– i93– j200– k86– l94– Copyright 3P LearningGrade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.28

Subtraction mental strategies – doubles and near doublesAs long as you know addition doubles, you will know subtraction doubles.5 5 10 so 10 – 5 512Answer the addition doubles and write a matching subtraction double.a6 6 so b9 9 so c12 12 so d8 8 so Play this game with a partner. Make copies of this page so you can play thisgame again. Player 1 chooses a subtraction double by tossing a counter ontothe grid. Player 1 then checks off a circle in the column that has the answer.Player 2 repeats these steps. Take turns until someone has checked off awhole column on their own page.copy24 12 22 11 20 10 18 916 814 712 610 58 46 34 22 11Copyright 3P Learning2345Grade 367 SUBTRACTION 83.NBT.2910 11 129

Subtraction mental strategies – doubles and near doublesWith near doubles subtraction, think of the doubles fact when you subtract, andthen adjust.See: 15 – 7See: 13 – 7Think: (14 – 7) 13Here’s a doubles and near doubles additionchart. Remember, you need to know the additiondoubles to use near doubles subtractions. Circlethe doubles facts. The first two are circled for you1 1 2, 2 2 4. Next, shade all the doublesfacts 1. Then all the double facts –1. 4Think: (14 – 7) – 1SeeThinkAnswer17 – 8 (16– 8) 115 – 713 – 60123456789001234567891123456789 10223456789 10 1133456789 10 11 12SeeThinkAnswer4456789 10 11 12 133–2(4– 2)– 11556789 10 11 12 13 145–366789 10 11 12 13 14 157789 10 11 12 13 14 15 16889 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1799 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18With this table,you need to thinkof doubles outsidethe grid.See11 – 59–47–49–511 – 6ThinkAnswer31 – 1537 – 1851 – 25101 – 5061 – 30Copyright 3P LearningGrade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.210

Subtraction mental strategies – the jump strategyThe jump strategy is when you use a number line to jump in tens and then ones.Look at 79 – 34. First we jump back in tens and then ones. So, 79 – 34 45.–4451–1049–1059–106979Subtract these using the jump strategy:a 78 – 25 b 93 – 31 c 84 – 21 d 79 – 36 e 95 – 42 Copyright 3P LearningGrade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.211

Subtraction mental strategies – the jump strategy2Use the jump strategy tocalculate how much moreeach person needs topurchase a family pass.L!AEDIAL passSPEdaCy family1 98a The Darnley family has saved 56.They need another:b The Sommers family has saved 34.They need another:c The Griffiths family has saved 49.They need another:Copyright 3P LearningGrade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.212

Subtraction mental strategies – the split strategyThe split strategy is where we make the subtraction easy by splitting the secondnumber into tens and ones. We then subtract each part separately.68 – 22120268 – 20 4848 – 2 46Practice subtracting tens from these numbers:–1030205096712Use the split strategy with these problems:a 73 – 34 b 96 – 65 c 81 – 24 d 69 – 23 e 106 – 43 Copyright 3P LearningGrade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.213

Subtraction mental strategies – the split strategy3Use the split strategy to solve this cross number puzzle:1234101156789121314161517Across1 50 – 18 1264 – 16 5 200 – 102 3 100 – 43 1472 – 36 689 – 36 5 135 – 45 16 105 – 43 888 – 32 670 – 12 17 160 – 117 9 150 – 112 787 – 23 886 – 33 Down2 88 – 68 1078 – 53 4 128 – 56 Copyright 3P LearningGrade 3 SUBTRACTION 11 160 – 101 13 133 – 57 153.NBT.299 – 35 14

Written methods – subtraction to 99, no regroupingHere is the written method for subtraction. The longs and shorts show you theplace value. But you actually use digits.tensones–1tensones38– 1523Subtract these using the written method. Subtract the ones, then the tens. Write youranswer neatly in line with the place value columns:atens ones–d6332tens ones–g5842tens ones–Copyright 3P Learning6712btens ones–e743h7832–413 SUBTRACTION fi7536835tens ones–3.NBT.27tens ones–tens ones3tens ones–tens ones–Grade 38c972615

Written methods – subtraction to 99 with regroupingThese place value boards show how we can regroup a ten into ones.tensonestensones4 tens and 1 one is now 3 tens and 11 ones.12For each setof place valueboards, regroupa ten into onesand show thenew amount onthe next board.Just use straightlines for tens andsquares for ones.atensonestensonesbtensonestensonesComplete this subtraction problem shown in longs and shorts. Regroup a ten into onesand then subtract. Show your answer in longs and opyright 3P LearningGrade 3ones SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.216

Written methods – subtraction to 99 with regroupingNow that you can regroup a ten on the placevalue board, we can look at written subtractionwith regrouping.tensHere is 62 – 18 shown in longs and shorts.If we regroup a ten into ones, we can nowsubtract the ones.ones–Now look at the written method forsubtraction when regrouping.e:First, estimate the answer:60 – 20 40. You estimate by rounding to the nearest 10.40tens ones5–1621844Look at the ones. We can’t subtract 8 from 2, so we regroupa ten into ones.We now have 12 ones. 12 subtract 8 is 4, so we write 4 in theones column. Now subtract the tens. 5 tens subtract 1 ten is4 tens. Write 4 in the tens column.Is our answer reasonable? Yes, because it is close to our estimate.3Complete these written subtraction problems with regrouping. Start by writingyour estimate:ae:be:tens ones–7228ce:tens ones–5243tens ones–6134Continued on page 18.Copyright 3P LearningGrade 3 SUBTRACTION 3.NBT.217

Written methods – subtraction to 99 with regroupingContinued from page 17.3Complete these written subtraction problems with regrouping. Start by writingyour estimate:de:ee:tens ones–g5618e:––4246233tens ones–e:tens ones1e:tens onesh4fi–639628e:tens ones79tens ones–9768What is the digit behind the star?atens ones–725 16b– Copyright 3P Learningtens ones8 5925 SUBTRACTION tens ones– Grade 3c795 24 3.NBT.218

Use each ten frame to subtract using bridge to ten. Cross out the number of counters that are subtracted from the first ten frame: 1 A ten frame is useful to show the bridge to ten strategy when subtracting. Here are 17 counters in 2 tens frames. When you see 17 – 8 ?

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