NA Name PDF Cause And Effect

NAPDFRiver to the SkyNameCause and Effect A cause is what makes something happen. An effect is something that happens as a resultof a cause. Clue words such as consequently, since, thus, as a result, and therefore point tocause-and-effect relationships. When a cause is not directly stated, you must think about why something happened.Directions Read the following myth from Polynesia. Then complete the diagram below.Because he couldn’t get enough donein a day, Maui the trickster wantedlonger days. He set out to make the sunslow down. First, he made a lasso out ofcoconut fiber. But when he tied it to thesun, it burned. Then, he wove a rope outof his wife’s long, sacred hair. At dawn,he tossed his noose and grabbed the sun.The sun pleaded to be released, but Mauiwouldn’t give in. As a result, the sunstarted losing more and more strength.Eventually, it couldn’t race across the skybut could only crawl. Consequently, Mauigave humans more daylight.CauseEffectWhat makes it happen?What happened?1.2.4.5. Create a graphic organizer of your own to show another cause-and-effect relationship in the myth.Also show what you think the effect would have been if Maui had pulled the sun down to Earth. Pearson Education, Inc., 63.Home Activity Your child identified cause-and-effect relationships expressed in a myth. Work with yourchild to identify the cause-and-effect relationships in a story. Challenge your child to consider “what if”questions about the story.338 Comprehension 0328476773 RWN 338 338Reader’s and Writer’s Notebook Unit 512/5/09 5:18:31 PM

NAPDFRiver to the SkyNameWriting Tall TaleKey Features of a Tall Tale may be based on real or fictional characters or events has larger-than-life characters includes exaggerated deeds or eventsSlue-foot SueY Pearson Education, Inc., 6ou may not have heard about Sluefoot Sue. She was a cowgirl whocould ride as good as Pecos Bill, thegreatest cowboy who ever lived. And that’swhere the story begins.Bill and I were good friends back then,and we often headed down to the river togo fishing. One day we spotted a beautifulwoman riding a giant catfish down the RioGrande. And let me tell you, she was assharp and quick as Bill in the saddle. Thereshe was standing tall and holding on tothat catfish with one hand. With the otherhand, she swung her lasso at the clouds.Wow, what a sight! You should have seenthe look on Bill’s face.That’s when Bill told me he was goingto ask her to marry him. And so he did.Slue-foot Sue had one condition. Bill hadto prove his love for her by allowing Sueto ride Widowmaker, Bill’s horse. Billagreed, but Widowmaker was not happy.That horse wouldn’t behave for anyone butBill. So once Sue got on Widowmaker, thehorse bucked and bucked, throwing Sueright up into the clouds. Sue kept hittingher head on the moon. She bounced andbounced for days because she was toostubborn to get off that horse. Bill finallytook out his lasso and reeled her in. Hejust couldn’t watch her bounce like that forone more day. They got married soon afterthat, and let me tell you that was one crazywedding.1. In what ways are the characters larger than life?2. What exaggerated deeds or events take place?3. Identify words and phrases that the writer uses that give this tall tale a lively tone.Reader’s and Writer’s Notebook Unit 5 0328476773 RWN 339 339Writing Tall Tale33912/5/09 3:37:19 PM

NAPDFRiver to the SkyNameVocabularyDirections Choose the word from the box that best matches each definition. Write the word onthe line. 1. slight wetness 2. most closely packed together 3. dared 4. open or unbroken stretch 5. the lower edges of a roof thatextend over the side of abuildingCheck the WordsYou KnowdensesteavesexpansemoistureventuredDirections Choose the word from the box that best matches each clue. Write the word onthe line. 6. These protect a house from the rain. 7. This could be a desert or ocean. 8. Explorers and adventurers did this. 9. Dew is an example of this. 10. Compared to other areas of plant growth, a jungle is describedas this.On a separate sheet of paper, write a myth to explain something in nature, such as howthe oceans, jungles, or deserts came to be. Use as many vocabulary words as you can. Pearson Education, Inc., 6Write a MythHome Activity Your child identified and used vocabulary words from The River That Went to the Sky. Reada story or myth with your child. Have him or her point out unfamiliar words. Work together to try to figure outthe meaning of each word by using other words that appear near it.340 Vocabulary 0328476773 RWN 340 340Reader’s and Writer’s Notebook Unit 51/28/10 2:30:40 PM

NAPDFRiver to the SkyNameUsing this, that, these, and thoseThe adjectives this, that, these, and those are called demonstrative adjectives. They point outwhich one or which ones. This and that modify singular nouns. These and those modify pluralnouns. This and these refer to things that are close by. That and those refer to things fartheraway.This river is teeming with fish, but that one over the hill is not.These animals look like those animals we saw by the road yesterday.Do not use here or there after this, that, these, or those.No: This here river runs fast. That there river is slow and quiet.Yes: This river runs fast. That river is slow and quiet.Do not use them in place of these or those.No: Them animals are hiding in the trees.Yes: Those animals are hiding in the trees.Directions Underline the words in ( ) that complete the sentences correctly.1. Tall grasses and willowy trees grow beside (these, this) flowing river.2. (That, These) bushes and hedges guard the foothills of the great mountain.3. A family of gazelles rests in (that, that there) patch of towering elephant grass.4. The clouds remembered (this, those) peaceful times when they were a part of Earth.5. (These, That) dense jungles are filled with huge trees and creeping vines.6. The sun will take (this here, this) river up to the sky.7. Will you go with me to (that, these) village near the foot of the great mountain? Pearson Education, Inc., 68. (These, That) chimpanzees followed (those, that) gorillas into the jungle.9. (This, These) river and (them, these) animals are part of a great African myth.10. (Those, This) leopard is not as fast as (those, that) cheetahs.Home Activity Your child learned about demonstrative adjectives. Ask your child to name the fourdemonstrative adjectives and use each one in a sentence.Reader’s and Writer’s Notebook Unit 5 0328476773 RWN 341 341Conventions Demonstrative Adjectives34112/5/09 3:37:26 PM

NAPDFRiver to the SkyNamepracticeCompound WordsSpelling otherrunner-upWords in Context Write a list word to finish each statement below.1. I can’t go out tonight because I have to my little sister.1.2. My little sister likes to dress up and play .2.3. She and her friends look at in the mirror and laugh and giggle. 3.4. I stayed out in the sun too long and got a .4.5. I was standing in snow.5.6. It takes a lot of to sit and do homework.6.7. We were late to the show, but we enjoyed it .7.8. My report is almost done, but I still need to it a bit.8.9. My uncle lives in a cabin in the of a big mountain range.9.10. I found a picture of my on her wedding day.10.11. a large, powerful dog with a good sense of smell11.12. moving on shoes with wheels12.13. any action designed to be a further effort13.14. traditional customs, tales, or sayings14.15. the time between spring and autumn15.16. bringing or taking nothing of value16.17. a pleasant creation of the imagination17.18. confidence and satisfaction in oneself18.19. characteristic of a past era19.20. someone who comes in second20. Pearson Education, Inc., 6Word Meanings Write a list word that fits each definition.Home Activity Your child wrote compound words. Ask your child to pick list words fromExercises 11-20, spell them, and use them in a sentence.342 Spelling Compound Words 0328476773 RWN 342 342Reader’s and Writer’s Notebook Unit 512/5/09 3:37:29 PM

NAPDFRiver to the SkyNameOutlineTitleA.1.2.3.B.1.2.3.C.1.2. Pearson Education, Inc., 63.Reader’s and Writer’s Notebook Unit 5 0328476773 RWN 343 343Writing34312/5/09 3:37:33 PM

NAPDFRiver to the SkyNameVocabulary Synonyms When you are reading and see an unfamiliar word, you can use context clues, or words aroundthe unfamiliar word, to figure out its meaning. One kind of context clue is a synonym, a word that has nearly the same meaning as anotherword. Setting off a word with commas can indicate synonyms. Clue words like such as and oralso signal synonyms.Directions Read the following passage about the Sahara and answer the questions below. Lookfor context clues as you read.The Sahara, in Africa, is a vast expanse,or stretch, of desert. All of it is verydry, but the Libyan part of the Sahara hasthe least moisture, such as rain or otherwater. If you ventured into the desert,you might ride a camel. Or, if you daredto go into the desert, you might lookfor an oasis. There you would see thedensest population of people and animals;similarly, you would see the thickestgroves of palms there. If you had a hut inthe desert, sand cats and hedgehogs mightgather in the shade of its eaves, or roofoverhang. Now that you know about theSahara, would you like to visit?1. What is a synonym for expanse? What clue helps you to determine this?2. What does moisture mean? What clues help you to determine the meaning?4. What synonym is used for densest? How do you know it’s a synonym?5. What is the closest synonym for eaves in the context of the passage? What clues indicate asynonym? Pearson Education, Inc., 63. How would you use context clues to determine the meaning of ventured?Home Activity Your child identified and used synonyms as context clues to understand new words in apassage. Work with your child to identify unfamiliar words in an article. Then your child can find contextclues to help with the understanding of the new words. Confirm the meanings with your child.344 Vocabulary 0328476773 RWN 344 344Reader’s and Writer’s Notebook Unit 512/5/09 5:18:51 PM

NAPDFRiver to the SkyNameChart or Table A chart or table usually is a box that contains words or numbers in rows and columns. Columnsgo down, and rows go across. These also are called cells. Most charts and tables have titles.Directions Use this chart about Saharan animals to answer the questions below.Animals of the SaharaAnimalTypeAddaxLengthFoodSurvival FeaturesMammal 4 ftPlantsWide hooves help walk on sandCaracalMammal 3 ftJerboas, birds, squirrelsNocturnal, jumps wellDesert hedgehogMammal 3 ftInsects, frogs, eggsExtracts water from preyDesert monitorReptileFish, frogs, snakes, eggsWithstands heat, burrowsFennec foxMammal 16–17 in. Rodents, lizards, insectsWithstands heat, burrowsGolden eagleBird30 in.Rabbits, rats, reptilesHas mountain nestHoubara bustardBird2 ftInsects, lizards, seedsExtracts water from preyJerboaMammal 2–6 in.Plants, seeds, insectsRecycles breath moisture; jumpsSand catMammal 15–16 in. Rodents, birds, reptilesBurrows, extracts water from preyStriped hyenaMammal 3–4 ftStays in den, nocturnal5 ftLizards, birds, mammals1. What is the longest animal listed in the chart? the shortest?2. What do the Houbara bustard, desert hedgehog, and sand cat have in common?3. Which is bigger, the addax (a type of antelope) or the caracal (a large cat)? Pearson Education, Inc., 64. What is the food of the golden eagle? the striped hyena?5. What do the survival features tell you about the ways Saharan animals have adapted to stay alivein the desert?Reader’s and Writer’s Notebook Unit 5 0328476773 RWN 345 345Research and Study Skills34512/5/09 5:19:01 PM