Alphabet Introduction And First Lesson - Ruslan Russian
RUSLAN RUSSIAN 1A1A communicative course for beginners in RussianJohn Langran and Natalya VeshnyevaAlphabet introduction and first lesson - free on the websiteRuslan Limitedwww.ruslan.co.ukRuslan 1 Alphabet Introduction11
Ruslan Russian 1 fifth edition, 2012ISBN 9781899785827Published in the UK by Ruslan Limitedwww.ruslan.co.uk 1995, 1997, 2001, 2005, 2008, 2012 Ruslan for the cartoons at the start of each lesson Anna LauchlanAdditional cartoons by Piers SanfordUK book trade distribution by Bay Foreign Language Books Limitedwww.baylanguagebooks.co.ukCopyright noticeTeachers using the Ruslan course with learners who have purchased thecourse book may copy and cut out the speaking exercise material to useas cue cards for group work and may copy the cartoons at the beginningof each lesson for classroom use. With these exceptions, no part of thisbook may be copied, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in anyform or by any means, without the written permission of the copyrightowner.ErrataAny errors or amendments will be listed on the Ruslan website at:www.ruslan.co.uk/errata.htmRuslan 1 fifth edition textbookISBN 9781899785827Ruslan 1 fifth edition textbook with audio CDISBN 9781899785834Ruslan 1 fifth edition audio CD onlyISBN 9781899785841Ruslan 1 workbook with audio CDISBN 9781899785223Ruslan 1 CD-ROMISBN 9781899785087Ruslan 2 and 3 continue the course to intermediate and advanced levels and theRuslan Russian Grammar brings together the grammar for all three levels.www.ruslan.co.uk12Ruslan 1 Alphabet Introduction
RUSLAN RUSSIAN 1A SUMMARYRuslan Russian 1 more than satisfies the requirements for Council ofEurope foreign language assessment at A1 level.The alphabet introduction describes the sound of each letter and givesexamples with international words for easy recognition.The ten lessons include:- a list of contents for you to check your progress.- a cartoon to introduce new vocabulary and also useful for practisingquestions and answers, and for revision.- dialogues to introduce new vocabulary and structures, following theadventures of Ivan, Vadim, Lyudmila and her family and friends.- lists of new words in the order in which they appear.- background information in English.- grammar explanations.- exercises based on the new language.- reading exercises with authentic material.- writing exercises to reinforce the grammar points.- listening exercises with texts printed at the back of the book.- speaking exercises with role-play situations and suggestions for pairwork and language games.- reading texts extending the main story-line.- translation exercises.- some songs and poems for learners.At the end of the book you will find the texts of the listening exercises, asummary of the grammar covered in the course, a pronunciation guide andRussian to English and English to Russian dictionaries.Teachers notes, tests and work sheets linked to the course are free forteachers. Please go to www.ruslan.co.uk/teachers.htm. You will need auser name and password from Ruslan Limited.Support for learners and and a key to the exercises are atwww.ruslan.co.uk/ruslan1.htmThe Ruslan 1 Audio CD contains recordings of the Alphabet Introduction, allthe dialogues, the listening exercises, texts, songs and poems.Ruslan Russian 1 Workbook203 exercises to support Ruslan Russian 1. These can be used for individuallearning or by groups with a teacher. Teachers may want to use the exercisesorally in class, or for tests or for homework.Ruslan Russian 1 CDRomA full multimedia version of the Ruslan 1 course with 285 interactive exerciseswith sound and feedback, and including video exercises. This program haswon a UK DTI award for Language Excellence.Ruslan 1 Alphabet Introduction13
CONTENTSÑÎÄÅÐÆÀÍÈÅCyril and MethodiusStress in RussianThe Russian alphabetLetters in words. Handwriting11111214Lesson 1 - AÝPÎÏÎPÒ - The airportNo word for “the” or “a”No verb “to be” in the present tenseHow to ask a question by raising your voiceMasculine and feminine nounsThe possessive pronouns ìîé and ìîµ, âàø and â‚øàThe personal pronouns îí and îí‚Information: MoscowReading: Igor at Pulkovo Airport, Saint PetersburgSong: «Äî ñâèä‚íèÿ!»16Lesson 2 - ÓËÈÖA - The streetÿ çí‚þ and âû çí‚åòå - “I know” and “you know”The prepositions â and íà meaning “to” a placeImperatives: Ñêàæ‰òå! Èä‰òå! Èçâèí‰òå! èò‚éòå!Neuter nouns. The personal pronoun îí‹The use of åñòü - “there is”Numbers 0-10Information: Arbat. Bulat OkudzhavaReading: Igor in Saint PetersburgPhoto gallery: Moscow and Saint Petersburg30Lesson 3 - ÑÅÌÜß - The familyThe genitive singular of masculine and feminine nounsThe genitive of pronouns ÿ, âû (ìåíµ, âàñ)Spelling rule for the letters û and èThe genitive to express “of”, after prepositions, after negativesand after numbers 2, 3, 4Forms of îä‰í and äâàì‹æíî - “you may”, “it is possible” and íåëüçµ - “you may not”Information: Russian namesReading: Àíò‹í è ˆðà44Lesson 4 - ÃÄÅ ÂÛ ÁÛËÈ? - Where were you?56The use of òû and âû - two forms of “you”The prepositional singular with â and íà meaning “at” a placeRecognition of infinitivesIntroduction to the past tenseThe full present tense of çíàòü - “to know”Numbers 10-100. Months of the yearInformation: Russian national holidaysCountries and languagesReading: Ó Àíò‹íà è ˆðûSong:«Èç àýðîï‹ðòà êàê ïîˆäåì . ?»14Ruslan 1 Alphabet Introduction
Lesson 5 - ÃÎCÒÈÍÈÖA - The hotelThe preposition c with the meaning “since”Short adjectives: îòêð›ò - “open” and çàêð›ò - “shut”The present tense of ãîâîð‰òü - “to speak”Note on imperfective and perfective verbsThe constructions ó ìåíµ and ó âàñ used for “I have” and “you have”The days of the weekInformation: Hotels in Russia. GUM - The Main Department StoreReading: Èãîðü â Íîâîñèá‰ðñêå. Ãîñò‰íèöà «Íîâîñèá‰ðñê»70Lesson 6 - ÐÅÑÒÎÐÀÍ - The restaurantThe verbs õîòˆòü, èäò‰ and the imperatives ä‚éòå, ïðèíåñ‰òåMore about neuter nounsThe accusative singular of nounsAdjectives in the nominative caseThe word for “which” - êàê‹éInformation: Russian Food. A.S.PushkinReading: Èãîðü è ͈ëëè â ðåñòîð‚íå82Lesson 7 - Î ÑÅÁÅ - About oneselfThe preposition o - “about” - taking the prepositional caseMasculine and feminine nouns ending in a soft signNeuter nouns ending in -ìÿImpersonal constructions: èíòåðˆñíîNouns ending in -öèÿNumbers above 100Information: The river VolgaReading: Æèçíü ͈ëëèSong: «Ëþáëƒ ÿ áîðù»94Lesson 8 - ÂÐÅÌß - TimeThe time in whole hoursThe nominative and accusative plural of nouns and adjectivesShort adjectives in the pluralThe genitive plural of masculine nounsThe verb ìî ü - “to be able to”Information: Using the telephone in RussiaReading: Ó Èãîðÿ íåò äˆíåã107Lesson 9 - ÒÅÀÒÐ - The theatreReflexive verbs in the present tenseThe dative singular of nounsThe verbs ëþá‰òü - “to love” - and íð‚âèòüñÿ - “to please”The verb èãð‚òü with â and the accusative - “to play a sport”The use of ðàç - “a time”Information: SnegurochkaReading:  òå‚òðåSong: «Êîíöˆðò»120Ruslan 1 Alphabet Introduction15
Lesson 10 - ÄÎÌ - The house132The instrumental singular of nounsThe spelling rule for the letter oThe genitive plural of feminine and soft sign nounsThe genitive plural of masculine nouns ending in -æ, - , -ø or -ùMasculine nouns with the prepositional ending in - or -ƒThe verb èãð‚òü with íà and the prepositional - “to play an instrument”The verbs ñïàòü - “to sleep”, ïåòü - “to sing” and ïèòü - “to drink”The declension of personal pronounsThe accusative after ñïàñ‰áî çà - “thankyou for”Information: Housing in RussiaReading: Íà ä‚ åSong: «Ñòåïü äà ñòåïü êðóã‹ì»146Texts of the listening exercisesGrammar ReferenceRussian PronunciationRussian PunctuationEnglish to Russian DictionaryRussian to English DictionaryRuslan Russian materials147150154155156166176Key to the exercisesInternet support for learnersInternet support for teachersItems markedFor items k/ruslan1.htmwww.ruslan.co.uk/teachers.htmare recorded on the CD. The number is the number of the CD track.wwwthere are additional recordings at www.ruslan.co.uk/ruslan1.htmFor items marked www you will find additional information or an additional exercise atwww.ruslan.co.uk/ruslan1.htmAbbreviations fectiveperf.Perfective16m.f.n.pl.adj.è slan 1 Alphabet Introduction
ÈÍÔÎÐÌÀÖÈßINFORMATIONCyril and MethodiusRussian uses the Cyrillic alphabet, whichis named after Cyril and Methodius, twoGreek holy men, now Saints. In the 9thcentury AD, Cyril and Methodius createdan original alphabet called "Glagolitic", aspart of a mission to convert the Slavic tribesto Christianity. The Cyrillic alphabet thenevolved from this Glagolitic alphabet, withsome additional influence from Greek andHebrew.The Cyrillic alphabet was amended at thetime of Peter the Great and some moresmall changes were made by Lenin in the1920s.During the time of the USSR, the Cyrillicalphabet was obligatory in all the SovietRepublics. Today it is used in Russia, and,with a few minor differences, in Ukraine,Belarus, Bulgaria and Serbia.Cyril and MethodiusSTRESS IN RUSSIANYou do not need perfect pronunciation to be able to get by in basic Russian.However, if you want to progress beyond beginner level you should try topronounce the words as correctly as you can.Russian pronunciation depends on the stress. In words of more than onesyllable there is a stressed vowel which is pronounced more strongly than theothers. This stressed vowel is marked with an acute accent.For example, the stress in the word for “wine” is on the last syllable - âèí‹ “veenoh”. But in the word for “problem” - ïðîáëˆìà - the “î” is unstressedand therefore reduced. It sounds more like the English “a” in “about”.(For the pronunciation of âèí‹ and ïðîáëˆìà use the Alphabet Introduction of the CDRomor audio CD, or check with your teacher.)Stress is usually unpredictable, although there are some patterns. If you area beginner it is best to learn the stress for each new word. When you go toRussia, or when you read original Russian texts or newspapers, the stress willnot be marked for you. You need to learn it.There is some more detailed help with pronunciation on page 154.Ruslan 1 Alphabet Introduction17 11
THE RUSSIAN ALPHABETThe Russian alphabet has 33 characters: 21 consonants, 10 vowelsand 2 phonetic signs.2Six letters are similar in Russian and English.àåìòîêExamples in ‚îòàêòSix letters are “false friends”. They look like English letters, but theirsounds are ��ñõîðñ‹óññàìîâ‚ðThe remaining letters are unlike English �ïáîðùä òèýéþð‚äèîìàé åìïè‹íþð‰ñòëÿïðåïîðò ðñàë‚òøîêîë‚ä‚ðìèÿThe two phonetic symbols (the soft sign ü and the hard sign ú) have nosound of their own. The soft sign ü has the effect of softening the previousconsonant. The hard sign creates a buffer between a hard consonant anda soft colateRed Square1218?Ruslan 1 Alphabet Introduction
The sounds of the letters in alphabetical orderÀ àstressed: “a” in “father”,unstressed: “a” in “about”.Á á“b” in “bit”. Sounds like “p” atthe end of a word. â“v”. Sounds like “f” at theend of a word.Óg” in “gate”. Sounds like “k”at the end of a word.ãÄ ä“d”. Sounds like “t” at theend of a word.Å åstressed: “ye” in “yes”,unstressed: “i” in “bit”. “yo” - always stressed.Often hardened, as in“Ãîðáà â”.Æ ælike the “s” in “pleasure”.Ç ç“z” in “zip”. Sounds like “s”at the end of a word.È èlike “ee” in “eel”.É élike the “y” in “boy”.Ê ê“k” as in “kill”.Ë ë“l” as in “ball”.Ì ì“m” as in “man”.Í í“n” as in “new”.Î îstressed: “o” as in “for”,unstressed: “a” in “about”.Ï ï“p” as in “pan”.Ð ða rolled “r”.Ñ ñ“s” as in “sit”.Ò“t” as in “pat”.òÓ ólike the “oo” in “zoo”.Ruslan 1 Alphabet IntroductionÔ ô“f” as in “far”.Õ õlike the “ch” in the German“ach” or the Scottish “loch”.Ö ölike the “ts” in “hats”. like the “ch” in “child”.Ø ø“sh” as in “sheep”.Ù ùlong “sch” as in “borsch”.Try to say “ee”, keep yourtongue in the same place,and say “sh” instead.Ú ú“hard sign” - quite rareand has no sound of its own.Used to separate a consonantfrom a soft vowel.Û ûThere is no equivalentin English. Start with “i”as in “bit”, and then moveyour tongue lower andbackwards.Ü ü“soft sign”. Has no soundof its own. It has the effectof softening the precedingconsonant.Ý ýstressed: a hard “e”, like the“e” in “when”.Unstressed like “i” in “bit”Þ þa soft “u”, like the first “u”in “usual”.ß ÿstressed: “ya” in “yak”,unstressed: more like the“a” in “about”.Listen to the CD for the exactsounds of the letters!For additional explanations seepage 154.19 13
HANDWRITING. LETTERS IN WORDSLetter Example4HandwrittenTranslationÀ à‚òîìatomÁ ááàã‚æluggage ââèí‹wineà ããðàììgramÄ ää‹êòîðdoctorÅ åˆâðîevro ëêàNew Year treeÆææóðí‚ëjournalÇ ççîîï‚ðêzooÈ èèäˆÿideaÉ éé‹ãóðòyoghurtÊ êêð‰çèñcrisisË ëë‚ìïàlampÌììåíƒmenuÍ ííîëüzeroÎ î‹ïåðàoperaÏ ïïðîáëˆìàproblemÐ ððóáëüroubleÑ ññïîðòsport2014Ruslan 1 Alphabet Introduction
Ò òòàêñ‰taxiÓ ó ëèöàstreetÔôôóòá‹ëfootballÕ õõîêêˆéice hockeyÖ ööàðütsar àéteaØøøîêîë‚ächocolateÙùùècabbage soupÚúîáúˆêòobjectÛûì çûêàmusicÜ üêîíòð‹ëücontrolÝ ýýêñïˆðòexpertÞþƒìîðhumourß ÿµáëîêîappleThe letter û and the signs ü and ú are not used at the beginning of a word.The letter é is only used together with a vowel.The stress marks and the dots over the letter “ ” are not normally used inauthentic Russian texts.In handwriting, there are two versions of the letter “ò” Some letters that are “tall” letters in English, forexample “k”, “l”, are “short” in Russian:,.They occupy just half the height of the line.In,,.For more practice ofthe letters, use theRuslan 1 Workbook.the “hook” at the start of the letter is clearly defined.Some letters can be quite different in upper and lower cases.Ruslan 1 Alphabet Introduction2115
LESSON
work and language games. - reading texts extending the main story-line. - translation exercises. - some songs and poems for learners. At the end of the book you will find the texts of the listening exercises, a summary of the grammar covered in the course, a pronunciation guide and Russian to English and English to Russian dictionaries.
All About the Alphabet Reading Alphabet Fun: A Reading Alphabet Fun: B Reading Alphabet Fun: C Reading Alphabet Fun: D Reading Alphabet Fun: E Reading Alphabet Fun: F Reading Alphabet Fun: G Reading Alphabet Fun: H Reading Alphabet Fun: I Reading Alphabet Fun: J Reading Alphabet Fun: K Reading Alphabet Fu
alphabet letters shapes (e.g. plastic or wooden block letters) board with markers / chalk CD/tape player / computer or something to play the song on Notes: We strongly advise NOT dedicating a full lesson to the alphabet – we suggest including a 10-minute section each lesson for teaching and reviewing the alphabet. The full alphabet
4 Step Phonics Quiz Scores Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 Lesson 8 Lesson 9 Lesson 10 Lesson 11 Lesson 12 Lesson 13 Lesson 14 Lesson 15 . Zoo zoo Zoo zoo Yoyo yoyo Yoyo yoyo You you You you
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WHY ALPHABET KNOWLEDGE? Alphabet knowledge is having an awareness of the names and sounds of the letters of the alphabet. It is a strong predictor of reading success and therefore a very important early literacy skill. Knowing the letters of the alphabet and recognizing them in print is a critical skill to help children decipher text on the page.
The Alphabet is Just the Consonants 1-2 In English, both consonants and vowels are letters of the alphabet. –E.g., the vowel ‘A’ and the consonant ‘B’ are both letters of the alphabet. In Hebrew, only consonants are considered to be letters –The consonant Alef א is a letter of the alphabet.File Size: 1MBPage Count: 132
