MARINE OPERATIONS: 500M SAFETY ZONE
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONEWorking togetherto continuously improveour safety performance
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONEContentsAbbreviations / TerminologyReference DocumentsIntroduction & BackgroundStatistics from HSEGood PracticeLegislation & ResponsibilitiesSafety Zone LegislationResponsibilitiesDuty HolderInstallation OIMVessel MasterRegulating AuthoritiesMarine Responsible PersonPre-Entry / Set-up / Working etc.Approach Passage & Pre-EntryPre-Entry – Set up – Working – ExitAlongside / Working & Trigger PointsDP Reference System InformationWhat are they?What types are there?How do they work?Sensor Target InformationAbbreviations/ TerminologyDisplacement The weight of water that a vessel displaces when it is floating,which in turn is the weight of a vessel (and its contents)DPDynamic PositioningDPSDynamic Positioning SystemERRVEmergency Response and Rescue VesselGOMOGuidelines for Offshore Marine OperationsHSEHealth and Safety ExecutiveLOALength OverallMAIBMarine Accident Investigation BranchMCAMaritime and Coastguard AgencyMJMega JouleMSFMarine Safety ForumOIMOffshore Installation ManagerPRSPosition Reference sensorsTrigger Point Threshold, generally relating to environmental conditions,prompting review and/or risk assessment relating to thecontinuation or suspension of present operationsUKCSUnited Kingdom Continental 2
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONEReferenceDocumentsThe following reference documents and websites provide further informationrelevant to Marine Operations within offshore installation safety zones: Oil & Gas UK Guidelines for Ship/Installation Collision Avoidance International Marine Organization (IMO) International Regulations forPreventing Collisions at Sea HSE OTO-1999-052 Effective Collision Risk Management for OffshoreInstallations Guidelines for Offshore Marine Operations (GOMO) International Guidelines for The Safe Operation of Dynamically PositionedOffshore Supply Vessels 182 MSF International Marine Contractors Association (IMCA) Guidelines for TheDesign and Operation of Dynamically Positioned Vessels IMCA M 103www.g-omo.infowww.marinesafetyforum.orgA short video is associated with this guidance king-packswww.marinesafetyforum.org03
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONEIntroduction & BackgroundThis document is aimed at providing the offshoreworkforce with a better understanding of the hazardsinvolved in offshore marine operations. It also providesan insight into how installations and vessels can worktogether to ensure safer marine operations within the500m zone.Offshore installations should be designed to withstandreasonably foreseeable accidental collision impacts.Current installation structural design standards suchas BS EN ISO 19902 do not give a specific accidental impact energy value to be considered but requirereasonably foreseeable collision events to be analysed and designed for. A collision energy value of 14MJhas traditionally been accepted as reasonably appropriate, representing a high energy collision (wheresubstantial damage may be incurred but not lead to progressive collapse or endanger personnel), of a5000t displacement vessel (typical supply vessel size), drifting out-of-control (at a speed of 4 knots), in asea state with significant wave height of approximately 4m. However, accidental impact capability rangesof fixed installations ranges from 6MJ or even less to 25MJ for some modern installations.Support vessel sizes are increasing in size and displacement, with some in excess of 15,000t.1980sTodayLOA – 60mDisplacement – 2,000tLOA – up to 95mDisplacement – up to 10,000tEstimated Resultant Impact Energy (MJ)Displacement(tonnes)Vessel Speed(m/s)Bow/Stern on collisionBeam on collision2,0005,0005,00010,0000.5 (1 knot)0.5 (1 knot)2 (4 knots)2 (4 knots)0.280.6911.022.00.350.8814.028.0The figures above are derived from the probable velocity achieved by:a) A vessel ‘bump’ when manoeuvring normally, 0.5m/s (1 knot) and:b) a vessel drifting in a significant wave height of 4m, 2m/s (3.9knots) as perBS EN ISO 19902:2007 A10.2.2.In a number of events, the collisions/impacts have come from a drive-on scenario with higher vesselspeed. For example, the impact energy for the collision between Big Orange XVIII and Ekofisk 2/4-W wasestimated to be in the order of 58.7 MJ, the damage was such that the platform had to be replaced.Some installations have particularly vulnerable risers where failure could occur due to relatively lowimpact. For example, the collision between the MSV Samudra Suraksha and the Mumbai High Northplatform severed one or more gas risers. The ignition of the leaked gas from the riser led to further riserfailure, the fire engulfed the platform leading to the loss of 22 lives and the destruction of the platform.04
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONEIntroduction &BackgroundStatistics from HSEGood PracticeBetween 2013 and 2014, 14 DangerousOccurrences relating to ship collision and marineoperations within offshore safety zones werereported within the RIDDOR database. 2015saw a further seven incidents of varying severityreported. These statistics are based on what hasbeen reported to HSE and probably does not fullycapture the occurrence of ‘near misses’.There is support throughout the industry forevery individual’s right and responsibility to stopunsafe work. This is equally true with regardsto a vessel approach, working alongside anddeparture from an installation. Excessive delays,overboard discharges, etc. must be reported to theappropriate person(s) (OIM, vessel owner etc.) andvessels removed from hazardous situations.Data shows the greatest proportion of risk fromcollision comes from the vessels that are invitedto enter the 500m zone, i.e. the ones that can andshould be managed by the installation.Improved planning and management of logisticscould be one of various means of reducing thenumber of visits of a supply vessel. By reducing thenumber of visits necessary this leads to a reductionin the risk to the installation.The Guidelines for Offshore Marine Operations(GOMO), OGUK Guidelines for Ship/InstallationCollision Avoidance and IMCA 182MSF providecomprehensive information on agreed industrygood practice; it is anticipated that all will act incompliance with this guidance.There is also an Offshore Technology Report‘Effective Collision Risk Management for OffshoreInstallations’ (OTO 1999 052) that was madeavailable by the HSE in 2000 which contains awealth of useful information and guidance from aregulatory position.A vessel alongside represents a greater risk thanone standing off a couple of hundred metres. Thelonger the vessel is there the greater the risk.Just as we keep our work area tidy and put toolsaway when they are not being used so we shouldmove vessels back when we are not directlyworking them. Platform crews should coordinatewith the ship’s Master when taking breaks or ifthere is a change in schedule.If there is a vessel alongside and nothing has beenhappening don’t assume that everything is ok.Ask someone why it is still there or speak to yoursafety rep. Remember, if the vessel’s not closeto the platform, it can’t hit it. There is no harm inmaintaining a chronic unease when there is a vesselalongside.05
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONELegislation &ResponsibilitiesSafety Zone LegislationA safety zone is an area extending out fromany part of an offshore oil and gas installation(typically 500m) and is established automaticallyaround all installations which project above thesea at any state of the tide. Subsea installationsmay also have safety zones, created by statutoryinstrument, to protect them. These safety zonesare 500m radius from a central point.Vessels of all nations are required to respectthem through the United Nations Convention onthe Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and Coastal StateLegislation.It is an offence (under section 23 of the PetroleumAct 1987) to enter a safety zone except under thespecial circumstances outlined below: to lay, inspect, test, repair, alter, renew orremove a submarine cable or pipeline in or nearthat safety zone; to provide services for the installation, totransport people or goods to or from theinstallation, under authorisation of a governmentdepartment, or to inspect any installation in thesafety zone; if it belongs to a general lighthouse authorityand is performing duties relating to the safety ofnavigation; to save or attempt to save life or property; owing to bad weather; or when in distressThe Health and Safety at Work etc. Act (HSWA)1974 applies both to installations and alsoactivities considered to be in connection with theinstallation. The Health and Safety at Work etc.Act (Application Outside of Great Britain Order:AOGBO) applies the ‘prescribed provisions’ ofthe HSWA and Article 4 describes the connectedactivities.Examples of such activities are: offshore support vessel operationsheavy lift barge operationsdive support vessel operationsmaintenancedismantling etc.ResponsibilitiesWho is in charge?The ultimate authority inside the 500m zone is theOIM. This includes authority over all vessels inthat zone.The OIM may delegate the responsibility forcommunicating with the vessels to someone else.This should be a recognised marine competentperson. Do you know who is responsible on yourinstallation? Do you have a designated marine competentperson? What does your Safety Case say about controlswhich should be in place regarding marineoperations?Many Safety Cases primarily focus on errantvessel collision but, in most cases, collisions occurduring normal operations, i.e. when the vessel isinvited to be there.06
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONELegislation & ResponsibilitiesDuty HolderThe duty holder must have a Collision RiskManagement system in place that has assessedthe risk of collision from both passing andattending vessels and be committed to theongoing effectiveness of the system. It should beappropriate to the risks particular to the installationand contain procedures for detecting andassessing any imminent collision and for managingthe consequences. The system must ensure thatall attendant vessels are suitable and are managedin such a way as to reduce the risk of ship collisionso far as is reasonably practicable.The Collision Risk Management system mustensure that Emergency Response can beimplemented in a timely manner should collisionoccur.The duty holder must regularly audit the systemand update as necessary.They must also provide competent installationpersonnel with an appropriate level of marineknowledge to be able to manage the marineoperations undertaken within the 500m safetyzone.Installation OIMThe OIM has responsibilities for the safety, healthand welfare and the maintenance of order anddiscipline of personnel on board the installation.He/she is also responsible for operations withinthe safety zone. The OIM can delegate thisresponsibility if necessary.Vessel MasterThe Master of the vessel has the overall authorityfor the health and safety of all personnel onboardthe vessel, the safety of the vessel and theenvironment. As such, he has the overridingauthority and responsibility to make decisions withrespect to safety and pollution prevention and torequest the company’s assistance as required.Within the 500m zone the OIM has the overallresponsibility for the safety of the installation; assuch vessels within the 500m zone come underthe operational control of the OIM. The OIM hasthe authority to authorise, cancel, suspend orprevent the commencement of any operationwhich may affect the safety of that Installation.Nothing relieves the Master of his responsibilityfor the health and safety of all personnel onboardthe vessel, the safety of the vessel and theenvironment.Regulating AuthoritiesWithin UKCS waters, there is a Memorandum ofUnderstanding (MOU) between the HSE, MCAand MAIB. This MOU allows differing governmentagencies to liaise and act to ensure the safety ofinstallations and personnel.Within the 500m zone the HSE has theresponsibility for both UK and non-UK vessels aslaid out within Schedule 2 of the MOU.07
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONELegislation &ResponsibilitiesMarine Responsible PersonWhilst the role of the marine responsible person isnot currently a mandatory position, it is consideredgood practice to have someone with the relevantcompetence and knowledge fulfil these duties.Responsibilities include: OIM-delegated responsibility for all marineoperations within the installation 500m safetyzoneControl of all vessel movements in the 500mzone to ensure operations are carried outefficiently and effectively and to minimise timealongside the installationCo-ordination of multiple, marine-associatedcommunications within the installation andbetween the installation and the vessel e.g.control room operator, crane operator, deckforemanEnsuring communications between vessel andinstallation are established prior to entry tothe 500m zone and that they are maintainedthroughout the operation and on departure.This will include (but not be limited to):o completion of all pre-entry and set-upchecklistso visual observation of vessel approach,vessel set-up checks at a safe distancefrom the installation and set-up at workingposition by installationAn individual within an existing installation rolemay have an additional role as a marine competentperson. Examples of roles typically used to fulfilthese duties are: deck coordinator deck foreman crane operator drilling materials (allied marine duties)Marine Responsible Person Competence Marine Safety Forum (MSF) - Marine SafetyAwareness Course or operators’ equivalenttraining*It should be noted that the role of ‘MarineResponsible Person’ may be covered by morethan one individual.o monitoring of station keeping and operationswhilst alongsideo monitoring changes to the operation andweather conditions (trigger points) and whenvessels depart the 500m zone08
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONEPre-Entry Set up Working Exit15234200m500mKeyVesselApproach Passage & Pre-EntryVisual contact - Ensure that visual contact ismaintained with vessel once it enters the 500msafety zone and during approach to/departure fromthe platform. If there are any concerns about theapproach, contact the vessel bridge immediately.Things to watch for may include; the vessel is: approaching directly toward the installation approaching too quickly taking on a lot of water (waves breaking over thedeck) struggling to maintain position (higher thanexpected current) not sitting correctly in the water (e.g. heavy list dueto ballasting issues)InstallationPosition Summary1Approach passage & pre-entry2Approach (500m - 200m approx.)3Position set-up4Final approach (200m approx. working position) & alongsideworking5Exiting safety zoneSee next page for full explanations9
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONEPre-Entry Set up Working Exit1Approach passage & pre-entry Vessel passage plans must not have installations as waypoints. Final waypoint must be offsetfrom the installation Establish contact and ensure that radio-working channels are understood Pre-entry checks to be carried out in a drift off situation testing interaction / communicationswith installation. Determine who (on the installation) is responsible for maintaining contact withthe vessel Should control of the vessel be transferred to another station (e.g. fwd to aft) or a differentoperating mode is selected (e.g. manual to full DP) then it should be ensured that allmanoeuvring arrangements are responding as anticipated before undertaking any closeproximity operations Discuss the planned approach and proposed work Any installation delays expected? Bulk transfer permits? Weather side working riskassessment? Installation staff availability? Notify vessel if any overboard discharges from theinstallation could affect operations DP reference system targets in correct position and ready (reflectors clean etc) Identify and set trigger and hold points which determine operation start/stop/hold or prompt arisk assessment or risk assessment review Vessel to confirm to installation once ready to enter safety zoneOnly once the installation is fully satisfied that the vessel has undertaken the necessary pre-entrychecks and that the work plan minimises the length of time the vessel will be required to be in closeproximity to the installation should permission to enter the safety zone and proceed to the set-uplocation be given.If it has been identified that working in a drift on condition will be required then, before permission to enterthe 500m safety zone is given, a risk assessment must be undertaken by both the vessel and the installation,mitigations put in place as required and agreement between the OIM and Vessel Master made before allowingoperations to be undertaken.2Approach (500m - 200m approx.)Approach and work alongside installation to be made in the same mode as tested during pre-entryprocess. Should ‘mode of operation’ or control station be changed then the full range of systemchecks should be undertaken again to ensure that systems are operating correctly.A correct approach should have the vessel coming alongside obliquely. The vessel should notapproach head on. Speed is 3 knots or less, depending on the vessel type and weather conditions Escape routes identifiedThe faster the vessel comes in the harder it could hit the installation!10
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONEPre-Entry Set up Working Exit3Position set-upThis is the process whereby vessel personnel determine how adequately the vessel is managingto hold position before starting the final approach. This should be done far enough away so that, ifsomething goes wrong, the vessel crew have enough time to take corrective action.It can take some time to acquire a stable position and allow a DP model to build up (up to 30mins)Position set-up to take place well away from the installation (position such that installation collisionavoided if equipment failure occurs during set up checks) 1½ x vessel length for drift-off operations2½ x vessel length for drift-on operationsDuring this time the vessel personnel are to satisfy themselves that: DP references and sensors are stableVessel motion is within operational limitsVessel machinery operation within limits i.e. power utilisation not greater than 45%4Final approach (200m approx. - working position) & alongside workingOnce satisfactory set-up checks are complete and permission has been given by the installationto move to the working location, the vessel should be manoeuvred towards the installation inincremental steps (circa 10m) at a time using progressively smaller steps.If the operation is going to involve working in a ‘drift-on’ condition, then a joint (installation and vessel)risk assessment must be undertaken. Speed 0.5kts (0.3m/s)Minimum separation distances to be maintained5Exiting safety zoneOnce operations are complete and the vessel is ready to depart the safety zone the following shouldoccur: Confirm manifests / DG notes all on-boardHose(s) disconnected and clearDeck secure (sea fastened) for transitVessel secureMove to set-up positionDepart safety zone in a controlled manner following recommended speeds as per entryprocessTransfer controls once outside safety zoneOnce outside safety zone vessel to obtain instructions (client control etc.)Provide ETAs for next location11
MARINE OPERATIONS:500M SAFETY ZONEAlongside / Working & Trigger PointsWhilst the vessel is within the safety zone, thefollowing conditions should be monitored by vesseland installation personnel to ensure suitability tocontinue normal operations: weather / environmental conditions (wind strength &direction, sea state, currents, visibility) vessel motions maintaining good communications other vessel traffic sufficient personnel on bridge, deck and engineroom for intended operatio
Statistics from HSE Between 2013 and 2014, 14 Dangerous Occurrences relating to ship collision and marine operations within offshore safety zones were reported within the RIDDOR database. 2015 saw a further seven incidents of varying severity reported. These statistics are based on what has been reported to HSE and probably does not fully
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Gulfstream Business Bank Stuart: 82.5 0.275: 667 500M-1B: 240 0.000: American Enterprise Bank of Florida Jacksonville: 82.5 0.292: 372 100M-500M: 147 0.000: Florida Citizens Bank Gainesville: 82.5 0.273: 516 100M-500M: 264 0.003: Florida Gulf Bank Fort Myers: 82.5 0.277: 471 100M-500M: 204 0.000: Bank of Naples Naples: 82.5 0.273: 209 100M-500M .
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Contact the NAPCO Toll Free Helpline (800) 645-9440 The Following Programming Options . Installation Manual WI1089. NOTE: 4 Zone Features UL Default OFF OFF ON OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF 00 Exit/Entry Zones Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zone 7 Zone 8 . ALARM. ( ) PGM (-) .
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