Software Engineering - Tutorialspoint
Software EngineeringTutorial
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About the tutorialSoftware Engineering TutorialThis tutorial provides you the basic understanding of software product, softwaredesign and development process, software project management and designcomplexities. At the end of the tutorial you should be equipped with wellunderstanding of software engineering concepts.AudienceThis tutorial is designed for the readers pursuing education in software developmentdomain and all enthusiastic readers.PrerequisitesThis tutorial is designed and developed for absolute beginners. Though, rocessandcomputerfundamentals would be beneficial.Copyright & Disclaimer Copyright 2014 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutotorials Point(I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute orrepublish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without writtenconsent of the publisher.We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely aspossible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt.Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of ourwebsite or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website orin this tutorial, please notify us at contact@tutorialspoint.com
Table of ContentsSOFTWARE ENGINEERING TUTORIAL . IAUDIENCE . IPREREQUISITES . ICOPYRIGHT & DISCLAIMER . ISOFTWARE OVERVIEW . 1DEFINITIONS . 1SOFTWARE EVOLUTION . 2SOFTWARE EVOLUTION LAWS . 3E-TYPE SOFTWARE EVOLUTION . 3SOFTWARE PARADIGMS . 4Software Development Paradigm . 4Software Design Paradigm . 5Programming Paradigm . 5NEED OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING. 5CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD SOFTWARE . 6Operational . 6Transitional . 6Maintenance . 6SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE. 8SDLC ACTIVITIES . 8Communication . 8Requirement Gathering. 8Feasibility Study . 9System Analysis . 9Software Design . 9Coding . 9Testing . 9Integration . 10Implementation. 10Operation and Maintenance . 10SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PARADIGM . 10Waterfall Model . 10Iterative Model. 11Spiral Model . 12V – model . 12Big Bang Model . 14SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT . 15SOFTWARE PROJECT. 15NEED OF SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT . 15SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGER . 16Managing People . 16i
Managing Project. 17SOFTWARE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES . 17PROJECT PLANNING . 17SCOPE MANAGEMENT . 17PROJECT ESTIMATION. 18PROJECT ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES . 19Decomposition Technique . 19Empirical Estimation Technique . 19PROJECT SCHEDULING . 20RESOURCE MANAGEMENT . 20PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT . 21Risk Management Process . 21PROJECT EXECUTION AND MONITORING. 21PROJECT COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT . 22CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT . 23Baseline . 23Change Control. 23PROJECT MANAGEMENT TOOLS . 24Gantt Chart . 24PERT Chart. 25Resource Histogram . 25Critical Path Analysis . 26SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS . 27REQUIREMENT ENGINEERING . 27REQUIREMENT ENGINEERING PROCESS . 27Feasibility study. 27Requirement Gathering. 28Software Requirement Specification (SRS) . 28Software Requirement Validation . 28REQUIREMENT ELICITATION PROCESS . 29REQUIREMENT ELICITATION TECHNIQUES . 29Interviews . 30Surveys . 30Questionnaires . 30Task analysis . 30Domain Analysis . 30Brainstorming . 30Prototyping . 31Observation . 31SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS CHARACTERISTICS. 31SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS . 31Functional Requirements . 32Non-Functional Requirements . 32USER INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS . 33SOFTWARE SYSTEM ANALYST . 33SOFTWARE METRICS AND MEASURES . 34ii
SOFTWARE DESIGN BASICS. 36SOFTWARE DESIGN LEVELS. 36MODULARIZATION . 37CONCURRENCY. 37Example . 37COUPLING AND COHESION . 38COHESION . 38COUPLING . 39DESIGN VERIFICATION . 39SOFTWARE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN TOOLS . 41DATA FLOW DIAGRAM . 41Types of DFD . 41DFD Components. 41Levels of DFD . 42STRUCTURE CHARTS . 43HIPO DIAGRAM . 45Example . 46STRUCTURED ENGLISH . 47Example . 47PSEUDO-CODE . 48Example . 49DECISION TABLES . 49Creating Decision Table. 49Example . 50ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP MODEL. 50DATA DICTIONARY . 51Requirement of Data Dictionary . 51Contents . 52Example . 52Data Elements . 52Data Store . 53Data Processing. 53SOFTWARE DESIGN STRATEGIES . 54STRUCTURED DESIGN . 54FUNCTION ORIENTED DESIGN . 55Design Process. 55OBJECT ORIENTED DESIGN . 55Design Process. 56SOFTWARE DESIGN APPROACHES . 57Top Down Design . 57Bottom-up Design . 57SOFTWARE USER INTERFACE DESIGN . 58COMMAND LINE INTERFACE (CLI) . 58CLI Elements .
design and development process, software project management and design complexities. At the end of the tutorial you should be equipped with well understanding of software engineering concepts. Audience This tutorial is designed for the readers pursuing education in software development domain and all enthusiastic readers.
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Materials Science and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Production Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Textile Engineering, Nuclear Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Civil Engineering, other related Engineering discipline Energy Resources Engineering (ERE) The students’ academic background should be: Mechanical Power Engineering, Energy .
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