Arrow Film Converters Ltd 3 Speedwell Road Castleford WF10 .

Arrow Film Converters - Chimney Height CalculationArrow Film Converters Ltd3 Speedwell RoadCastlefordWF10 5PYChimney Height CalculationSupporting information documentehrcEnvironmental Health Resource Centre Limited, 41 Elsiedene Road, London N21 2RNeMail: info@ehrc.org.ukiPhone: 07802 349 581eFax: 0871 66 11 321

Page 2Contents:1.0Introduction32.0Input data32.1Abatement equipment - Babcock RTO 3032.2Abatement equipment - AirProtekt RTK 2542.3Abatement equipment - AirProtekt RTK 3042.4Emissions data42.5Local environmental data52.6Building information63.0Chimney height6AppendicesAppendix 1: Chimney height calculationsehrcArrow Film Converters - Chimney Height Calculation

Page 31.0 IntroductionArrow Film Converters proposes to install a Regenerative Thermal Oxidiser (RTO) for the purposeof the destruction of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC).Arrow Film Converters is an existing flexographic printing activity for which a Part A2 permit isbeing sought from Wakefield Council. The permit will require compliance with strictenvironmental emission limits for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and the RTO is required inorder to comply with the requirements of the proposed permitThe RTO provides for the thermal treatment of waste gasses by incineration, and the treatedemissions vented to atmosphere via a chimney. Arrow Film Converters has the option of two RTOsto choose from: A Babcock RTO 30 operating at 30,000Nm3/hr or an AirProtekt RTK 25 & 30,operating at 25,000Nm3/hr or 30,000Nm3/hr. The purpose of this report is to determine the heightof the proposed chimney for the effective dispersion and dilution of emissions for each RTOOption.The methodology used in to calculate chimney height this assessment is the HMIP TechnicalGuidance Note D1 “Guidelines on Discharge Stack Heights for Polluting Emissions”, which takesinto account a number of factors, including: Stack diameter, and emission release rates at reference conditionsEmissions volume flow and efflux velocity and temperature at stack conditionsThe effect of nearby buildingsLocal background air quality data and guideline concentrations for protecting theenvironmentThe D1 assessment is widely accepted by Regulators for the calculation of chimney heights.2.0 Input data2.1Abatement equipment - Babcock RTO 30The used Babcock RTO 30, the specification for which advises a maximum solvent laden air flowrate exiting the stack of 30,000 Nm3/hr (which is 0 C and 1 atmosphere of pressure). Exittemperature will be at an average of 100 C (373 K), which means that the flow at stacktemperatures will be greater, and in the order of 41,000 Am3/hr. No corrections needs to beapplied for water or Oxygen because the reference conditions of substances in releases to air fromprinting activities are: temperature 273.15 K (0 C), pressure 101.3 kPa (1 atmosphere), measuredwet (no correction for water vapour).Actual flow at stack temp 41,000 Am3/hr (11.39 Am3/sec)Temperature correction 273 K373 KActual flow at STP 30,008 Nm3/hr (8.34 Nm3/sec) 0.73An 850cm diameter stack has been specified to supply 15 m/s at 30,000 Nm3/hr.ehrcArrow Film Converters - Chimney Height Calculation

Page 42.2Abatement equipment - AirProtekt RTK 25The new AirProtekt RTK 25 has a flow rate exiting the stack of 25,000 Nm3/hr. Exit temperaturewill be at an average of 40 C (313 K), and the flow at stack temperatures in the order of 28,665Am3/hr. Not corrected for water or Oxygen.Actual flow at stack temp 28,665 Am3/hr (7.96 Am3/sec)Temperature correction 273 K313 KActual flow at STP 25,002 Nm3/hr (6.94 Nm3/sec) 0.87An 770cm diameter stack has been specified to supply 15 m/s at 25,000 Nm3/hr.2.3Abatement equipment - AirProtekt RTK 30The new AirProtekt RTK 25 has a flow rate exiting the stack of 30,000 Nm3/hr. Exit temperaturewill be at an average of 40 C (313 K), and the flow at stack temperatures in the order of 34,400Am3/hr. Not corrected for water or Oxygen.Actual flow at stack temp 34,400 Am3/hr (9.56 Am3/sec)Temperature correction 273 K313 KActual flow at STP 30,004 Nm3/hr (8.33 Nm3/sec) 0.87An 850cm diameter stack has been specified to supply 15 m/s at 30,000 Nm3/hr.2.4Emissions dataFlexographic printing activities are regulated under Environmental Permits, which require specificemission limits to be met. The reference conditions of substances in releases to air from pointsources are: temperature 273.15 K (0 C), pressure 101.3 kPa (1 atmosphere), measured wet (nocorrection for water vapour).The emission limits for England, Scotland and Wales are well established in Sector Guidance NoteSG6(11) February 2011 as Best Available Techniques Emission Limits, and are as follows:ParameterVOCCarbon MonoxideOxides of NitrogenEmission limit(mg/m3)100100100ehrcArrow Film Converters - Chimney Height Calculation

Page 5Used in conjunction with exhaust gas flow at Standard Temperature and Pressure, the maximumallowable emission rates in g/sec from the proposed RTO stack can be calculated as follows:(Gas flowSTP / 3600) x Emission Limit / 1000 Emission rate g/sec(30,008 Nm3/hr / 3600) x 100 mg/m3 / 1000 0.834 g/secD1 guidance advises that emissions of nitrogen oxides should not be treated as a combined acidgas emission and NO and NO2 treated individually as separate pollutants. The .gov.uk Air emissionsrisk assessment for your environmental permit also provides the following advice for emissions ofoxides of nitrogen: for short-term PCs and PECs, assume only 50% of emissions of oxides of nitrogen convertto nitrogen dioxide in the environmentFor the purposes of this chimney height calculation, 100% of the nitrogen oxides emission limit isassumed to be NO and 50% of the emission limit as NO2. This provides for the following emissionrates for the D1:Emission limit(mg/m3)ParameterVOCCarbon MonoxideNitrogen Oxides (as NO)Nitrogen Oxides (as NO2)2.510010010050Exhaust gasflow rate(STP) Nm3/sec8.348.348.348.34Max massemission rate(g/sec)0.8340.8340.8340.417Local environmental dataIn addition to emissions and technical data, the D1 model uses Guideline concentration (Gd) dataand Background concentration (Bc) data in the determination of chimney height.For Gd, the current statutory short-term Air Quality objectives have been used, and Gd data usedin the D1 model is as follows:Guideline Concentrations:VOC (as benzene)Carbon MonoxideNitrogen Oxides (as NO)Nitrogen Oxides (as NO2)mg/m30.19514.34.40.200Notes195µg/m3 Hourly limit.10mg/m3 8 hour average to hourly equivalent.4400µg/m3 Hourly limit.200µg/m3 Hourly und data for the following grid square centre was used:Grid ReferenceX 440500 (standard 6 figure OS reference)Y 424500 (standard 6 figure OS reference)ehrcArrow Film Converters - Chimney Height Calculation

Page 6Bc data used in the D1 model is as follows:mg/m30.000870.76600.40.0301Background Concentrations:VOC (as benzene)Carbon MonoxideNitrogen Oxides (as NO)Nitrogen Oxides (as NO2)Notes2001 data from defra x 22001 data from defra x 2defra D1 table for Industrial area2019 data from defra 2015 maps x maps2.6Building informationChimney height calculation is also a function of building height, which means that the height of thebuilding to which the proposed chimney is attached is a significant determining factor, as is theheight of any building within 5U of the proposed chimney.U the calculated uncorrected chimney height (Um) derived by the D1 calculation.For Arrow Film Converters:The Um for the proposed stack is 4.27mThis means that the height of all buildings/structures within a radius 23.61m of the release pointmust be considered in the chimney height calculation.Building or structureArrow Film Converters roof ridgeUnits E1/E2 to eavesUnits E1/E2 to ridgeDistance fromrelease point15.2m21m28mSignificant buildingfor D1YesYesNoHeight9m8m9m3.0 Chimney heightThe final discharge height in metres calculated in the D1 model are as follows:Babcock RTO 30-12.96mAirProtekt RTK 25-12.31mAirProtekt RTK 30-12.67mUsual practice is to round the stack height up to the nearest whole metre:The overall calculated chimney height is 13m.The other overriding minimum chimney height requirements do not apply in this case becausethere are no areas within 3 metres pf the stack terminal point to which there is general access (forexample: ground level, roof areas or adjacent openable windows).The summary of the chimney height are is provided in Appendix 1.ehrcArrow Film Converters - Chimney Height Calculation

Appendix 1:Chimney height calculations

DISCHARGE STACK HEIGHT CALCULATIONArrow Film Converters - Babcock RTO 30Physical ParametersAt stack conditionsParameterExhaust Gas Volume Flow Rate, @T (m3/s)Stack Inside Diameter, D (m)Gas Discharge Velocity, V (m/s)Discharge Gas Temperature, T (K)Value11.390.8515373NotesAm3/hr850mmMax flow100 CPollutant DataCompoundEmissionRate at STP(g/s)0.833560.833560.833560.41678VOCCarbon MonoxideNitric Oxide (NO)Nitrogen Dioxide 3/s)4,294622082,4520Guideline Concentration Notes195µg/m3 Hourly limit.10mg/m3 8 hour average to hourly equivalent.4400µg/m3 Hourly limit.200µg/m3 Hourly limit.Background Concentration Notes2001 data from defra x 22001 data from defra x 2defra D1 table for Industrial area2019 data from defra 2015 maps x sessment-for-your-environmental-permitBuilding Information - All Buildings Within Distance of 5Um.BuildingHeight(m)9.008.00Arrow Film Converters roof ridgeUnits E1/E2 to eavesHm:Width(m)35.0015.009 on Index (m3/s)Heat Released at Discharge Stack (MW)Coefficient a'Coefficient b'Uncorrected Discharge Stack Height for Bouyancy, Ub (m)Minimum Value of Ub (m)Selected Value of Ub (m)Discharge Momentum, MCoefficient x'Coefficient y'Coefficient z'log10UmUncorrected Discharge Stack Height for Momentum, Um (m)Minimum Value of Um (m)Selected Value of Um (m)Uncorrected Chimney Height, U (m)Coefficient A'Final Discharge Height -10.370.775.843.905.844.721.23812.96Calculation procedure taken from Technical Guidance Note D1 - Guidelines on Discharge Stack Heightsfor Polluting Emissions' June 1993, issued by the Environment Agency. T'(m)22.520.00.00.00.00.00.00.022.50

DISCHARGE STACK HEIGHT CALCULATIONArrow Film Converters - AirProtekt RTK 25Physical ParametersAt stack conditionsParameterExhaust Gas Volume Flow Rate, @T (m3/s)Stack Inside Diameter, D (m)Gas Discharge Velocity, V (m/s)Discharge Gas Temperature, T (K)Value7.960.7715313NotesAm3/hr770mmMax flow40 CPollutant DataCompoundEmissionRate at STP(g/s)0.694490.694490.694490.34725VOCCarbon MonoxideNitric Oxide (NO)Nitrogen Dioxide 3/s)3,577511742,0430Guideline Concentration Notes195µg/m3 Hourly limit.10mg/m3 8 hour average to hourly equivalent.4400µg/m3 Hourly limit.200µg/m3 Hourly limit.Background Concentration Notes2001 data from defra x 22001 data from defra x 2defra D1 table for Industrial area2019 data from defra 2015 maps x sessment-for-your-environmental-permitBuilding Information - All Buildings Within Distance of 5Um.BuildingHeight(m)9.008.00Arrow Film Converters roof ridgeUnits E1/E2 to eavesHm:Width(m)35.0015.009 on Index (m3/s)Heat Released at Discharge Stack (MW)Coefficient a'Coefficient b'Uncorrected Discharge Stack Height for Bouyancy, Ub (m)Minimum Value of Ub (m)Selected Value of Ub (m)Discharge Momentum, MCoefficient x'Coefficient y'Coefficient z'log10UmUncorrected Discharge Stack Height for Momentum, Um (m)Minimum Value of Um (m)Selected Value of Um (m)Uncorrected Chimney Height, U (m)Coefficient A'Final Discharge Height -9.990.745.463.665.465.381.01412.31Calculation procedure taken from Technical Guidance Note D1 - Guidelines on Discharge Stack Heightsfor Polluting Emissions' June 1993, issued by the Environment Agency. T'(m)22.520.00.00.00.00.00.00.022.50