History GCSE - The Bicester School

HISTORY GCSEREVISION GUIDE FOR STUDENTSY11 2014-151 Back to contents

Contents (Click a topic)The Cold War 1945-1975 . 7Key terms: . 7Key People: . 8Map of Cold War alliances . 10Key question 1: who was to blame for the Cold War? . 11Background facts:. 11The Yalta Conference February 1945:. 11The Potsdam Conference July-August 1945 . 12The Start of the Cold War . 13GCSE Questions on this area: . 13American reaction to Stalin’s expansionism . 13More GCSE Questions: . 14The Berlin Blockade . 15GCSE Questions on this area . 15NATO . 16GCSE questions . 16The Cuban Missile Crisis. . 17Key Terms. 17Key People. . 18Background. . 18GCSE Ques tion: . 19The Bay of Pigs Incident 1961 . 20GCSE Ques tions: . 20Results of the Bay of Pigs Incident. . 20The beginnings of the Missile Crisis. 20Why did Khrushchev put missiles in Cuba?. 21GCSE Question:. 21The October Crisis. . 21What were Kennedy’s Options?. 21GCSE Question: . 22Why did Kennedy react as he did? . 22The end of the Crisis and its Consequences. . 22GCSE Questions: . 23Conflict in Vietnam 1963-75 . 24Part 1; Reasons for the US involvement in Vietnam . 252 Back to contents

What was the background to the Vietnam War? . 25Who were the Vietcong? . 25Why did the Americans get involved? . 25What did the Americans do to help Diem? . 25How did Johnson escalate the war after 1963? . 26Part 2: Vietnamese Tactics . 27How did the North Vietnamese try to fight back against the American bombers? . 27How did the Vietnamese use guerrilla warfare? . 27Part 3: US Army Tactics . 28What methods of fighting did the Americans use? . 28What was "Operation Rolling Thunder" and why was it begun? . 28What is meant by "search and destroy"? . 28What did General Westmoreland mean by a "war of attrition"? . 28What types of bombing did the Americans carry out during the war? . 29Part 4: The Tet Offensive and My Lai Massacre. 30What happened in the Tet Offensive? . 30What were the effects of the Tet Offensive? . 30What was the My Lai massacre and why was it important? . 31Part 5: The reunification of Vietnam . 32What was Vietnamization? . 32What happened in 1970-71? . 32How did the war end? . 32Part 6: The impact of the war on the peoples of Vietnam and the USA. 33What was the impact of the war on Vietnam? . 33What were the effects of the war on the United States? . 33Why did some Americans oppose the war? . 33How did Americans protest against the war? . 33What effects did the war have on Americans who fought in it? . 34What other effects on the USA were there? . 34Part 7: Reasons for the US defeat . 35What were the weaknesses of the USA? . 35What were the strengths of the NVA and Vietcong? . 35Part 8: Consequences for the USA of its failure in Vietnam . 36USA 1919 – 1941 . 37Causes of the Boom - ACCESS . 37Plus . 373 Back to contents

Henry Ford and the car . 37Advertising . 37Credit. 37The Building Boom . 38Hollywood and the rise of cinema . 38Why was the cinema so popular? . 38Did everyone approve? . 38The Jazz Age . 39Women in the 1920s . 39Prohibition . 40What does prohibition mean? . 40What were the names of the two main movements that wanted prohibition? . 40What were the illegal bars and illegal drinks called? . 40In what areas were the temperance (anti-alcohol) movements strongest? . 40What were supporters of prohibition known as? . 40What arguments did prohibition supporters use against alcohol? . 40Success argument – ALE. 40Failure Argument - DAMAGE . 40Who didn’t benefit from the boom? . 41African Americans . 41Poor women . 41Native Americans . 41Old industries . 41Farmers . 41The Red Scare. 41Immigrants . 42The Wall Street Crash . 42Causes: . 42The Consequences of the Depression. 42The 1932 Election. 43The First New Deal . 441. Confidence: . 442. Finance and Economy: . 443. Alphabet Agencies:. 44The Second New Deal . 451. National Labour Relations Act (1935): . 454 Back to contents

2. Soil Conservation Act (1935): . 453. Social Security Act (1935): . 454. National Housing Act (1937): . 455. Fair Labour Standards Act (1938): . 45How successful was the New Deal? . 45Successes – 5Rs . 451. Relief . 452. Roads and buildings . 463. Reform. 464. Roosevelt . 465. Repercussions . 46Weaknesses and Failings – 3Ds . 461. Did not end the Depression . 462. Damaged Blacks and immigrants . 463. Determined Opposition (BRASS) . 46Practice Exam Questions . 47Four Mark Questions . 47Six Mark Questions . 47Ten Mark Questions . 47How was British society changed, 1890–1918? . 49Key Terms . 49Key People. 49About the exam. 50What you need to know for the Paper Two Exam . 51Focus point 1: LIBERAL WELFARE REFORMS . 52Background 1890-1905 . 52Work of Social reformers (Booth and Rowntree) . 52Charles Booth and the Poverty Line. 52Seebohm Rowntree and Primary and Secondary Poverty . 52KEY POINTS. 52Why did the government begin to get involved? . 53What did the Liberal Government do to help children? . 53What did the Liberal Government do to help the sick and unemployed? . 54What did the Liberal Government do to help the elderly?. 55Opposition to the Liberal Reforms . 55How effective were the reforms? . 555 Back to contents

KEY POINTS. 55Focus point 2: VOTES FOR WOMEN . 56Social and legal position of women in 1890’s . 56Arguments in favour of votes for women .

Cold War The period of time between 1945 and c 1991 when tensions existed between Russia aka east/west tension Communism Ideology which believes that all industry and businesses should be owned by the state and that there should only be one political party which represents the workers (a one party state). Newspapers, radio and TV are censored (controlled) by the state communist Someone who .