DOCUMENT RESUME CE 048 766 Concrete. Course In
DOCUMENT RESUMECE 048 766ED 287 995TITLEINSTITUTIONREPORT NOPUB DATENOTEAVAILABLE FROMConcrete. Course in Carpentry. Workbook and Tests.California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento.Bureau of Publications.ISBN-0-8011-0514-58770p.; 1987 Revision of the 1976 Edition. Preparedunder the direction of the California State JointApprenticeship and Training Committee for theCarpentry Industry Carpentry Curriculum RevisionCommittee.Publications Sales, California State Department ofEducation, P.O. Box 271, Sacramento, CA 95802-0271( 2.50).PUB TYPEGuides(051)EDRS PRICEDESCRIPTORSClassroom Use - Materials (For Learner)Tests/Evaluation Instruments (160)MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS.*Apprenticeships; *Building Trades; *Carpentry;Cement Industry; *Construction Materials;Instructional Materials; Postsecondary Education;Trade and Industrial Education; WorkbooksABSTRACTThis workbook is one of a series of individuallybound units of instruction for carpentry apprenticeship classes in afour-year apprerticeship program. It consists of two sections--theworkbook section and a test section. The workbook section providesinstructional materials on 10 topics: introduction to cement andconcrete, specifications for concrete, aggregates, sampling andtesting of concrete, concrete admixtures, methods of concreteplacement, movement of concrete on the job, finishing of a concreteslab, curing of concrete, and reinforced concrete. For each topic,these materials are included: questions on which to focus duringreading, informative material, and a study guide (review questions).Lists of required and recommended materials are provided. The testsection contains a test for each topic in the workbook ************************************Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made**from the original ******************************
A column labeled "Date Assigned" has been provided at the right-handside of each page number in the contents. Whenever your instructorassigns a topic, he or she should write this date in the appropriate blank.When you have completed the topic satisfactorily, your instructorshould place his or her nitials next to the assignment date. If this proce-dure has been followed, and you should transfer from one school toanother, you will have an accurate record of the work you have completed. It should never be necessary for you to duplicate work on topicsalready studied or to skip topics not previously assigned.To provide other school records needed, be sure to fill in your name,home address, and telephone number below. Then ask your instructorto fill in the official date of your enrollment in his or her class and to signhis or her name.NAMEADDRESSPHONEDATE ENROLLEDINSTRUCTOR(S)
Coursein CarpentryMICIICIMMIII.XEMIMI11.-c nacreonmsmaPWorkbook and TestsPrepared under the durection of theCalifornia State Joint Apprenticeship and Training Committeefor the Carpentry IndustryCarpentry Curriculum Revision Committeeand theBureau of Publications, California State Department of Eaucation
Publishing InformationCopyright 0 1976, 1987California State Department of EducationThis publication was edited by Arthur Brown, former Assistant Editor;prepared for photo-offset production by the staff of the Bureau of Publications, California State Department of Education, and published bythe Department, 721 Capitol Mall, Sacramento, California (mailingaddress: P.O. Box 944272, Sacramento, CA 94244-2720).Printed by the Office of State Printing and distributed under the provisions of the Library Distribution Act.ISBN 0- 8011 - ' 514 -5Course in Carpentry: Concrete is one of a series of 20 titles in the carpentryseries containing workbook and testbook materials within one volume. Thetitles available, together with year of publication or revision and selling price,are as follows: 3.50(Rev. 19f 4)The Apprentice Carpenter and the Trade5.75(1976)Blueprint Reading2.00(1976)Blueprint Reading, Commercial and Industrial2.50(Rev. 1981)Builder's Level and Transit-Level1.50(1975)California Contemporary House Plans2.50(Rev. 1987)Concrete2.50(Rev. 1981)Exterior Finish(1976)2.50Form Detailing, Construction, and Erection(1975)2.25Foundations and Floors(1977)2.50Heavy Timber Construction(Rev. 1981)2.50Interior Finish(1975)2.00Materials of Construction3.90(Rev. 1983)Mathematics2.25(1976)Precast and Prestressed Concrete2.50(1976)Roof Framing3.50(Rev. 1983)Rough Framing(1975)2.00Safety3.50(Rev. 1983)Site Work2.25(Rev. 1982)Stair Building2.25(1976)WeldingIn addition, the California State Department of Education publishes workbooks and testbooks for apprenticeship instruction in 23 other trades.Sales tax should be added to the above prices on all orders from Californiapurchasers. Remittance or purchase order must accompany order. Purchaseorders without checks are accepted only from government agencies in California. Phone orders are not accepted. Orders should be directed to:California State Department of EducationPublications SalesP.O. Box 271Sacramento, CA 95802-0271A complete list of publications available from the Department may beobtained by writing to the address listed above.Questions and comments pertaining to existing apprenticeship instructionalmaterials or to the development and production of new materials for apprenticeable trades should be directed to:Theodore R. Smith or Bob KlingensmithBureau of PublicationsCalifornia State Department of Education721 Capitol MallP.O. Box 944272Sacramento, CA 94244-2720(916) 445-76085
IContentsFore RETEPage assignedTopic2Introduction to Cement and ConcreteSpecifications for Concrete3Aggregates4Sampling and Testing of ConcreteConcrete AdmixturesMethods of Concrete PlacementMovement of Concrete on the JobFinishing of a Concrete SlabCuring of ConcreteReinforced Concrete15678910I51013172125283236INSTRUCTIONAL uction to Cement and ConcreteSpecifications for Concrete454749AggregatesSampling and Testing of ConcreteConcrete AdmixturesMethods of Concrete PlacementMovement of Concrete on the JobFinishing of a Concrete SlabCuring of ConcreteReinforced Concrete51535557596163iii6Score
ForewordWelcome to the world of apprenticeship. Congratulations, too, on having selected carpentry as your area of specialization; you have chosen a time-honored and essential profession.Many formidable challenges lie ahead of you, both on the jobsite and in your relatedinstruction classes, but I believe that the pride and excitement you will experience and themore tangible rewards you will reap will greatly outweigh the difficulties inherent in meetingthose challenges.As an apprentice in the four-year carpentry apprenticeship program, you have a uniqueopportunity to receive excellent training in all aspects of the trade. I urge you to take fulladvantage of that opportunity and to apply yourself diligently in each phase of the trainingprogram, because in today's tight job market, workers who have mastered the full range ofskills have the best chance of keeping themselves employed.The role of the Department of Education in providing carpentry apprenticeship instructional materials goes back many years. The Department is proud of that role and pleased tobe able to continue its cooperative association with labor and management in keepingConcrete and the other volumes in the Course in Carpentry series up to date. On behalf ofthe Department, I wish you great success as an apprentice and as a journey-level carpenter.Superintendent of Public Instruction
PrefaceThe California State Department of Education, through the Bureau of Publications,provides for the development of instructional materials for apprentices under provisions ofthe California Apprentice Labor Standards Act. These materials are developed through thecooperative efforts of the Department of Education and employer-employee groups representing apprenticeable trades.Concrete, which was first published in 1976, was planned and prepared under the d;rectionof the California State Joint Apprenticeship and Training Committee for the CarpentryCurriculum Revision Committee. Many individuals representing employers, employees, andpublic education contributed to the 1976 publication. Those representing central and northern California included James Brooks, Charles Hanna, Gordon Littman, Charles Royalty,Hans Wachsmuth, Bill Walker, and Jimps Wilcox. Those representing the Los Angeles areaincluded Torn Benson, Creighton Blenkhorn, John Cox, Allen Kocher, and Al Preheim. SanDiego representatives were Paul Cecil, Jess Dawson, Robert Moorhouse, and Billy Williams.This workbook is one of a series of individually bound units of instruction for carpentryapprenticeship classes. It consists of two partsa workbook section and a tests section. Atest is provided for each topic in the workbook section, and each test sheet is perforated andarranged so that it can be easily removed from the book, at the discretion of the instructor,without disturbing any other test. These books reflect the continuing cooperative effort oflabor, management, local schools, and the Department of Education to provide the bestinstructional materials for California apprenticeship classes. They are dedicated to excellencein the training of carpenter apprentices.WILLIAM C. PIEPERDeputy Superintendentfor AdministrationTHEODORE R. SMITHEditor in ChiefBureau of Publicationsvii8
AcknowledgmentsGratitude is expressed to the listed manufacturers and associations within theconstruction industry who contributed valuable technical information, drawings, andphotographs used in this series of carpentry units.American Plywood AssociationAmerican Technical SocietyDuo-Fast CorporationFormica CorporationNational Forrest Products AssociationRed Cedar Shingle and Hand Split Shake BureauRepublic Builders Products CorporationRockwell International Corporation, Power Tool DivisionSchlage Lock CompanyStanley ToolsTECO Wood FasteningsUnited States League of Savings AssociationsVon Duprin IncorporatedWestern Wood Products Association9viii
ConcreteTOPIC 1INTRODUCTION TO CEMENT AND CONCRETEThis topic is planned to provide answers to the following questions:Why should the carpenter know as much as possible about concrete?What are the various types of cements?How is portland cement made?What are the properties of portland cement?The skilled building-trades journeyman today isTypes of Portland Cementone who understands the "why" Ls well as the"how" of cc istruction processes. He also has athorough knowledge of all the types of materialshe uses so that he can select the most effectiveones for specific applications. Concrete is one ofthe materials that the carpenter must understandPortland cement is manufactured in a varietyof types to meet a wide range of physical andchemical requirements. Most structures require oneof the following types of portland cement:Type I (normal portland cement). TypeIcement is a general-purpose cement suitable for allapplications in which the special properties of theother typesfor example, increased resistance tothoroughly and must use correctly to be a capablejourneyman.Cement is the most important ingredient ofconcrete. The apprentice should learn all thesulfate attackare not required.Type II (modified portland cement). Type IIcement is used where resistance to moderatesulfate attack is important. Type II cement willusually generate less heat, and at a slower rate,important facts about cement before studying theother materials used in concrete.Portland CementCement is composed mainly of lime (about 60rercent) and silica (about 20 percent), plus alumina and iron. Cement rock containing some or allof these elements is mined in many different partsof the country. If the mined rock lacks any of thebasic ingredients necessary for cement, these areadded during processing to complete the composi-than Type I; this is an advantage when the concreteis to be placed in warm weather or is to be used instructures of considerable mass.tion. The cement rock is ground to a very fineType III (high-early-strength portland cement).Type III cement develops high strength relativelysoon after placement. This characteristic makes ituseful when forms are to be removed early or whenthe structure must be put into service quickly.Type IV (low-heat portland cement). Type IVcement is especially suited for applications whereProperties of Portland Cementthe rate and amount of heat generated duringhardening must be kept to a minimum, as inpowder that when mixed with water forms a pasteto bond aggregate (sand and gravel) together asconcrete.Although the carpenter need not have a detailedtechnical knowledge of the physical and chemicalmassive structures such as dams. Type IV cementdevelops strength at a slower rate than Type I.properties of portland cement, he should knowType V (sulfate-resistant portland cement).what these properties are, the terms by which theyType V cement is used only in concrete exposed tosevere sulfate action. It gains strength more slowlythan Type I cement.are known, and what effect they have upon theperformance of concrete. Some of the moreimportant properties of portland cementfineness,soundness, setting time, compressive strength, andAir-Entraining Portland Cementsheat of hydrationare discussed in the studyAir-entraining cements correspond in composi-assignment for this topic.tion to types I, II, and III, except that they have110
ConcreteTopic 12small quantities of air-entraining materials interground with the clinker (hard nodules produced byburning certain stone or clay-type materials in akiln) during manufacture. Concrete made withair-entraining cement contains vast numbers ofminute, well-distributed, and completely separatedair bubbles, a feature that provides improvedresistance to freeze-thaw action and to scalingcaused by chemicals applied for removal of snowand ice.nate or control the hazard, and taking the necessary risk-control action.Burns from Fresh ConcreteWorking with cement, water, and aggregates toproduce concrete structures has its own hazards aswell as those normally encountered in workingwith any dense construction material. For example, heat is produced as a result of hydration, achemical reaction that occurs between cement andwater in forming the strong paste that bondsPortland Blast-Furnace Slag Cementstogether the aggregates in concrete. Many a workerPortland blast-furnace slag cements containgranulated blast furnace slag of selected quality,which is either interground with the portland-receiving painful burns to the skin from contactwith fresh concrete. The burns result partly fromcement clinker or blended with the cement at someother point during manufacture. These cementscan be used in general concrete construction whenthe specific properties of other types are notrequired.has learned about this hazard the hard waybythe heat of hydration and partly from the chemicalaction of the cement on the skin. Painful cementburns can be prevented by taking simple precau-tions to protect the skin from contact with thecement. This may be accomplished by use ofPortland-Pozzolan Cementpersonal protective equipment, including the wearing of gloves; shirts and jackets with long sleeves;Portland-pozzolan cements are manufacturedby intergrinding portland-cement clinker with asuitable pozzolan or by blending portland cementor portland blast-furnace slag cement and a pozzolan. They are used principally for large hydraulicproper footwear. The use of special hand creamsor even Vaselinerubbed well into the skin,especially around the fingernails, will reduce thepossibility of burns from hand contact with the"mud." Special care should be taken to protectstructures such as bridge piers and dams.Masonry CementsMasonry cements are mixtures of portlandcement, air-entraining additives, and supplementalmaterials selected for their ability to impart workability, plasticity, and water retention to masonrymortars.Special Portland CementsSpecial types of portland cement includewaterproofed cement and the so-called plasticcements. Waterproofed portland cement is usuallymade by mixing a small amount of special additivewith the cement clinker during final grinding.Plastic cements, which are commonly used formaking mortar, plaster, and stucco, are made byadding plasticizing agents to Type I or Type IIcement during the manufacturing process.Safety in Working with ConcreteIn learning new skills, especially those involvingnew methods, processes, and materials, the carpen-ter must also learn the hazards involved in thework under study. The three basic requirementsfor accident prevention are recognizing the hazard,knowing what corrective action to take to elimi-gogglesor other suitable eye protection; andbroken places inthe skin, such as cuts andabrasions, from contact with cement and freshconcrete. Immediate medical attention should begiven to even minor injuries.Eye HazardsNo excuse exists for the many eye injuries thatoccur in working with concrete; eye-protectiondevices are availablein many styles. Use ofadequate eye protection should be made a habit inall construction work where even the slightest eyehazard exists.Dust HazardsPerhaps the most ignored hazard in workingwith concrete is exposure to dry cement dust, forexample, when newly placed concrete is beinghand finished by sacking. Inhaling appreciableamounts of fine cement dust is harmful, especiallyto the lungs. Swallowing the dust is also harmful.Suitable respirators must be provided by theemployer and worn by the workers when thehazard of air-borne cement dust exists. Employersare required to provide various kinds of physicalsafeguards and safety devices on the job, but onlythe worker who makes use of these devices willbenefit from them.1.1I
ConcreteTopic 13Hazards in Moving Heavy MaterialsStrains, sprains, and related back injurie3 canresult from the lifting, pulling, and pushing requiredin handling the base materials and fluid mud thatbecome concrete. The worker who understands thecorrect method of liftingusing the heavy musclesof the legs and arms and keeping the load as closeto the body as possible, with the back erectwillgreatly reduce his chances of suffering the miseryand loss of income that accompany a "bad back."I. Walter E. Durbahn and Elmer W. Sundberg,Fundamentes of Carpentry, Vol. 2 (Fi.,:h edition, latest printing). Chicago: American Technical Society, 077. Read the material on con-crete in Chapter 3.2. CAL / OSHA, State of California ConstructionSafety Orders (Latest edition). Los Angeles:Building News, Inc., 1979. Read Article 3.12
CONCRETE)TOPIC 1INTRODUCTION TO CEMENT AND CONCRETEStudy GuideDetermine the correct word . or each numbered blank in the sentence, and write it in the correspondingblank at the right.1. Cement is composed mainly of1and 2 .2. A mixture of sand and gravel is called 312.3.3. In the construction of piers and dams, 4 -5cements are the types most often45used.4. A hazard associated with handling fresh concrete is the burns that can result fromheat produced by the chemical process called 6 .65. Inhaling fine cement dust is harmful, especially to one's 77.promptly and87. If mined rock used in making cement lacks any of the necessary elements, thoseelements are added during the 9 of the rock to complete the composition.98. Concrete made with 10 - 11 cement provides the greatest resistance to damagefrom freezing and thawing.109. In lifting heavy loads such as the base materials of concrete, a worker should keep126. Workers who have been exposed to injurious substances shouldthoroughly after such exposure.his back 12811.10. A safety device provided by employers to protect workers against the hazard ofcement dust in the air is a13.13413
CONCRETETOPIC 2SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONCRETEThis topic is planned to provide answers to the following questions:Why are specifications necessary in the construction industry?What determines the quality requirements for a cement paste?How are concrete proportions and consistency controlled?How are the various concrete-mixing and placing operations performed?How are forms designed, constructed, and prepared for the placing of concrete?No construction material could ever be developed into a quality product without some methodfor specifying in a standard way the characteristicsdesired for the product. Written specifications areemployed for this purpose. The characteristics ofthe materials themselves are also governed by thements for both minimum cement content andminimum strength.Strength for Structural DesignThe allowable stresses for a concrete structureof a given design are based on the specifiesspecifications.compressive strength of a molded concrete testcylinder at 28 days or at the earliest age at whichthe concrete may be expected to receive its fullload. Specifications usually require that severalsuch cylinders be cast and tested as the workConcrete specifications provide a clear statement of the type oe concrete desired and a meansfor ensuring that it will be produced with thecorrect materials and in the correct way. This topiccontains, in abbreviated form, many specificationsfor both plain and reinforced concrete as suggestedprogresses.by the Portland Cement Association. On largeConcrete Proportions and Consistencyconstruction projects, the specifications would beCareful proportioning of the concrete materialsis essential for the production of a good, workablew more detailed and more extensive than thoseindicated here. The specifications given in thismix. This applies also to the air content oftopic are general in application and are intended asair-entrained concrete.a guide. On every job, construction will be governed by the specifications and working drawingsConcrete proportions. The proportions of theconcrete materials must produce a mixture thatprovided by the architect or engineer.will work readily, with the placement methodused, into the corners and angles of forms andConcrete QualityThe production of high-quality concrete having.the aggregate. The aggregate must be clean and freefrom foreign matter, and it must be of properaround reinforcement. Neither the segregation ofthe materials in the :mixture nor the collection ofexcess free water on the surface may be permitted.Air content of air-entrained concrete. The aircontent needed in air-entrained concrete is dependent upon the amount of mortar in the mix; theamount of mortar, in turn, is usually dependentthat the mixture meets applicable quality standards.is the property that determines the amount ofadequate strength for the structural designisdependent upon a number of factors, including thequality of the paste, the proportions and consistency of the concrete mixture, and the quality ofupon the maximum size of coarse aggregate.Workability. The workability of fresh concretedensity. The concrete must be subjected to anumber of tests as the work progresses to ensureeffort required to consolidate the material fully.Because concrete-mix design is an art as well as ascience, workability is difficult to measure; however, experienced technicians can successfullyQuality of Cement PasteThe quality of cement paste required for agiven concrete job must be based upon the mostcritical condition to which the concrete is likely tojudge when the concrete is workable.be exposed. The desired quality of the paste will beMeasurement of concrete. The methods ofachieved by specifying either (1) the ratio of fineiik aggregate to a coarse aggregate and the amount ofcement and water for the mix; or (2) the require-measuring concrete materials must permit proportions to be accurately controlled and easilychecked.514
ConcreteTopic 26Tests on ConcreteAs work progresses, the concrete must besampled and tested in accordance with AmericanSociety for Testing Materials (ASTM) standardprocedures. The sampling and testing of concretewill be discussed in a later topic.Mixing, Placing, and Curing of ConcreteThe basic steps in concreting include preparingthe equipment and the place of deposit; mixing theconcrete; conveying, placing, and curing the con-crete; and making provision for protecting theconcrete against both hot and cold weather duringthe curing period.Preparation of Equipment and Place of DepositBefore placement of the concrete, all equip-ment for mixing and transporting the concretemust be cleaned, and all debris and ice must beremoved from the places to be oc'upied by theconcrete. Forms must be thoroughly wetted(except in freezing weather) or oiled, and masonryfiller units that will be in contact with the concretemust be well drenched with water (except infreezing weather). The reinforcing steel must bethoroughly cleaned of ice, dirt, rust, mill scale, andother coatings. The bottom of all forms must becarefully cleaned of all foreign materials such asscraps of wood.Water must be removed from the place ofdeposit before concrete is placed, unless otherwisepermitted by the architect or engineer. All laitance(fine material that has risen to the surface) andother unsound material must be removed fromhardened concrete surfaces, such as footings andwall sections, before additional concrete is placed.Removal of such materials helps to ensure a goodbond and joint.Ready-Mixed ConcreteReady-mixed concrete must be mixed anddelivered in accordance with specifications forready-mixed concrete.Job-Mixed ConcreteFor job-mixed concrete, the mixer must berotated at a speed recommended by the manufacturer. Each batch of 1 cubic yard or less must bemixed for at least 1 minute after all materials are inthe mixer. The mixing time must be increased 15seconds for each additional cubic yard or fractionthereof.Rule-of-Thumb Mix DesignOn those occasions when the carpenter needsto mix a small amount of concrete, for example,where transit-mix service is not readily available,the mixing may be done in a mortar box or in amechanical mixer. Whatever method is used, themixing must be thorough.Conveying of ConcreteConcrete must be conveyed from the mixer tothe place of final deposit by methods that willprevent separation or loss of materials. Equipmentused for chuting, pumping, and pneumaticallyconveying the concrete shall be of such size anddesign as to ensure a practically continuous flow ofconcrete at the delivery end without separation ofmaterials.Placing of ConcreteConcrete should be deposited as nearly aspracticable in its final position to avoid segregationbecause of rehandling or flowing. The concretemust be placed at a rate fast enough to keep itplastic and to ensure that it will flow readilybetween the reinforcement bars. No concretecontaminated by foreign material shall be used, norshall retempered concrete be used unless approvedby the architect or engineer.When placement is started, it must be carriedout as a continuous operation until placement ofthe panel or section is completed. If constructionjoints are necessary, they must be made in accordance with the specifications.All concrete must be thoroughly consolidatedduring placement. It must be thoroughly workedaround reinforcement and embedded fixtures andinto corners of the forms.CuringConcrete normally must be kept moist for atleast five days after placement. High-early-strengthconcretes must be kept moist for at least the firsttwo days when concrete and air temperatures areabove 50 F. Longer periods of curing will berequired when temperatures are below 50 F.Cold-Weather RequirementsAdequate equipment must be provided forheating the materials and protecting the concreteduring freezing and near-freezing weather. Nofrozen materials nor materials containing snow orice should be used.All forms, fillers, and ground with which theconcrete is to be in contact must be free of snow millv15
ConcreteTopic 2and ice. All concrete placed in forms must have atemperature of 50 F. or higher upon placement,and adequate means must be provided for maintaining this temperature for three days thereafter.When high-early-strength concrete is used, a temperature of at least 50 F. .must be maintained fortwo days after placement. Any additional timenecessary to ensure correct curing of the concretemust be provided as directed by the architect orengineer. The housing, covering, or other protection used in curing shall remain intact at least 24hours after artificial heating is discontinued. Nodependence should be placed on salt or chemicalsfor the prevention of freezing.Hot-Weather RequirementsIn hot weather, suitable precautions must betaken to prevent drying of the concrete prior tofinishing operations. Windbreaks, sunshades, fogsprays, or other devices must be provided asdirected by the architect or engineer.Concrete Forms, Reinforcement, and JointsRequirements for the design and removal offorms; the cleaning, bending, placing and splicingof reinforcement; and the construction of jointsare outlined in the following paragraphs.Design of FormsForms must conform to the shape, lines, anddimensions of the members as specified in theplans and must be sufficiently tight to preventleakage of mortar. They must be correctly bracedor tied together so as to maintain position andshape, and they must adequately and safely support all imposed loads during placement and curingof the concrete. Carpentry work on floor formsmust be completed before any protective oilcoating is applied.7positive lifting attachments that do not depend forstrength on nailing into the panel. Lifting attachments must have a safety factor of 4.Removal of FormsForms must be removed in such a manner as toensure the complete safety of the structure and theworkers. In no case should supporting forms orshoring be removed until the concrete membershave acquired sufficient strength to support theirweight and imposed loads safely.Cleaning and Bending of ReinforcementAt the time con
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 287 995 CE 048 766 TITLE Concrete. Course in Carpentry. Workbook and Tests. INSTITUTION California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento. Bureau of
Piscina Municipal 93 766 19 71 Policia Local 93 766 59 20 Serveis Socials 93 766 15 52 Tanatori 93 769 53 01 PINEDA DE MAR Ajuntament 93 767 15 60 Ambulatori Pineda 902 111 444 Ambulatori Poblenou93 766 30 32 Arxiu Municipal 93 767 15 60 Biblioteca S. i Moret 93 762 37 96 Biblioteca Poblenou 93 766
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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 048 434 VT 011 592 AUTHOR Barrados, Maria TITLE Autonomy in Work. Second Edition. . The study is expected to clarify partially some questions relating to talent development, occupational allocation, adaptability of workers, . Employees who mention variety 41% 45%
DOCUMENT RESUME. SE 048 968. Babco, Eleanor L. Salaries of Scientists, Engineers and Technicians. A Summary of Salary Surveys, Thirteenth Edition. Commission on Professionals in Science and Technology, Washington, DC. Oct 87. 292p.; Some charts and small print may not reproduce. well. Commission on Professionals in Science and
Awards The Winners . CSO Shirley Fletcher Apprenticeship Award Mrs Mandy Scott and the Yorkshire and Humber Healthcare Science Apprentice Implementation Group Learning and Development Manager, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS As a regional group of Healthcare Science Service leads from all Trusts across the Yorkshire and Humber region, the group agreed an implementation plan for level 2,4 and .
