Inter-Calibration Activities Of NSMC/CMA
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupInter-Calibration Activities of NSMC/CMAPeng ZhangKey Laboratory of RadiometricCalibration and Validation forEnvironmental Satellites (LRCVES/CMA)National Satellite Meteorological Center(NSMC/CMA)Email: zhangp@nsmc.cma.gov.cnTel: 86-10-68409671
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupTopicFengyun Series: Chinese Meteorological SatelliteProgram and PayloadsEarth-based reference sites and field experimentsCalibration activities for FY1C/D: on-orbit calibrationCalibration activities for FY2C/D: on-orbit calibrationCalibration activities for FY3: pre-launch calibrationContributors for this material:Zhi-guo Rong, Jing-jing Liu, Xiu-qing Hu, Li-yang Zhang,Chengli Qi, Ran You, Songya Gu, Hu Yang, Weihe Wang,Hong Qiu, Yong Zhang
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working Group1. Fengyun Series: Chinese Meteorological SatelliteProgram and Payloads¾ Current and next generation polar system and geostationarysystem of Chinese Meteorological Satellites will be introduced briefly¾ The properties of payloads on FY1C/D, FY2C/D and FY3A arespecified
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupChinese Meteorological Satellite: FY SeriesPolar SystemFY 1A1B1C1DFY 3A3B3C3HFirst GenerationGeostationary SystemFirst GenerationFY 2A2B2C2D2EFYSecond GenerationSecond Generation 4
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupSchedule of FY Series¾ FY1A/B/C/D was launched on Sept. 7, 1988; Sept. 3, 1990; May 10, 1999;May 15, 2002 separately¾ FY2A/B/C/D was launched on June 10, 1997; June 25, 2000; Oct. 18, 2004;Dec. 8, 2006 spearately¾ FY3A has been postponed to second half of 2007¾ In this presentation, on-orbit calibration for FY1C/D, FY2C/D, pre-launchcalibration for FY3A are introduced
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupThe Specifications of the payload on FY-1C/DChannelNumberSpectral Range10.58 0.68VIS20.84 0.89NIR33.55 3.95410.3 11.3511.5 12.5FTIR SplitWindow61.58 1.64NIRIce/snow70.43 0.4880.48 0.53VISOcean color90.53 0.58100.900 0.965NIRTroposphere water vapor and cloudSpectral PropertyMTIR WindowPurposeDay time imageForest fire, the surface properties ofcloud, land and oceanCloud, land and SST
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupThe Specifications of the payload on FY-2C/DVisibleInfrared 1Infrared 2Infrared 3Water -4.06.3-7.6Resolution (Km)1.255555FOV (microrad)35140140140140Scan Line2500 eHgCdTeHgCdTeNoisePerformanceS/N 1.5(albedo 0.5%)S/N 50(albedo 95%)NEΔT 0.4K0.2K(300K)NEΔT 0.4K0.2K(300K)NEΔT 0.4K0.2K(300K)NEΔT 0.60.5k(260K)QuantificationScale6 bits10 bits10 bits10 bits8 bitsScan step angle140 microrad (NS scanning)140 microrad (N-Sscanning)140 microrad (N-Sscanning)140 microrad (N-Sscanning)140 microrad (NS scanning)Frame time30 minutes30 minutes30 minutes30 minutes30 minutes
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupPayloads onboard on FY-3AbbreviationInstrument Full NameVIRRVisible and InfraRed RadiometerIRASInfraRed Atmospheric SounderMWTSMicroWave Temperature SounderMWHSMicroWave Humidity SounderMERSIMEdium Resolution Spectral ImagerSBUSSolar Backscatter Ultraviolet SounderTOUTotal Ozone UnitMWRIMicrowave Radiation ImagerSIMSolar Irradiation MonitorERMEarth Radiation MeasurementSEMSpace Environment Monitor
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupBasic Information for Each InstrumentName ofInstrumentNumber ofChannelsSpectral rangeField ofViews /lineSpatial Resoluationat Sub point (km)VIRR100.43 – 12.5μm20481.1IRAS260.69 – 15.5 μm5617MWTS450 – 57 GHz1550/75MWHS5150 – 183 GHz9015MERSI200.41 – 12.5 μm2048/81921.1/250SBUS12252 – 280 nm24070/10TOU6309 – 361 nm3150MWRI610.65 – 150 GHz24015-70ASITBDhttp://www.nsmc.cma.gov.cn
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working Group2. Earth-based reference sites and field experiments¾ Four Earth-based reference sites in China are introduced¾ Field campaigns on Dunhuang Desert site and Qinghai Lake siteare summarized¾ Long term BRDF properties of Dunhuang Gebi Desert site areanalysed
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupEarth-based reference sites and field experiments
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupFour Earth-based reference sites in ChinaSiteCharacteristicLocationPurposeDunhuangGebi Desert,homogenoussurface, dryatmosphere, andhigh visibility40 10′ N,94 20′ EElevation: 1176 mOn-orbit calibration for VNIRbandQinghaiLake, GoodLambertian feature,dry atmosphere,and high visibility36 45′ N,100 20′ EElevation: 3196 mOn-orbit calibration for TIRbandBeijingLaboratory on the topof NSMC build116.46 N, 39.92 EElevation: 48 m Validation for the calculationfrom radiation transfer codewith very high spectralresolution Benchmark measurementsLijiangLocal meteorologicalobservation station,dry atmosphere, highvisibility100.25 N, 26.86 EElevation: 2300 mPre-launch calibration forVNIR band of engineering andflight model
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupSight of Dunhuang Gebi desert
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working Group4 years of reflectivity in Dunhuang site show very good stability reflectivity define as the ratio of desert surface andreference board
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupSight of Qinghai LakeClear CaseTurbudity CaseDepth of Lake: 20 m
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupSight of Beijing Atmospheric Spectrum Observation LaboratoryGround-base measurement in very high spectral resolution with Bruker
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working Group400 – 1150 nm solar spectrum at the surface measured by BrukerBeijing, Jan, 2007
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupBenchmark measurements in Beijing AtmosphericSpectrum Observation LaboratoryIntegral SphereReference LampReference Board
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working Group
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupCalibration flow for thermal channels
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupList of the field campaign for recent years:FieldCampaignCalibration PurposeCamaign Site1999FY-1C, FY-2BDunhuang site2000FY-1C, CBERS-01Dunhuang site and Qinhai Lake2001FY-1C, FY-2BQinhai Lake2002FY-1D/1C, FY-2B, HY-1, NOAA-17Dunhuang site2003FY-1D/1C, FY-2B, HY-1Qinhai Lake2004FY-1D, FY-2B, CBERS-02Qinhai Lake2005FY-1D, FY-2C, MODISDunhuang site and Qinhai Lake
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupBRDF measurements ofGebi DesertGoal: to reduce the BRDF impact on thereflectivity measurementDunhuang, 2002-07-23
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupSimplified Portable Instrument for BRDF measurement
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupSame site in Dunhuang butdifferent observation timeReflectivity before BRDF correctionR(θ s ,θ o ,ϕ s ϕ v ) f iso f vol RossThick f geo LiSparseBRDF correct with MODISAMBRALS modelReflectivity after BRDF correction
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupBidirectional Reflectance Factor derived from AMBRAL modelBy using of AMBRAL model,the amplitude factor hasbeen removed frommeasured reflectivity. It canbe seen the bidirectionalreflectance factor keep stablefrom year 2002 to year 2006
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working Group3. Calibration activities for FY1C/D: on-orbit calibration¾ The visible and near infrared channels arecalibrated by pre-calibration and the Dunhuang site.¾ The infrared channels are calibrated by theblackbody on-orbit.
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupCorresponding to therequirement of reflectance-basecalibration flow, each fieldcampaign should perform bothof the atmosphere and surfacemeasurements
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupPre-calibration in Lijiang Site
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupThe Dunhuang site calibrationCE-318FR ASD
F Y 1 d -1 ac a lib ra t io n s lo p1st Meetingof GSICS Research Working Group0 .1le ft p r e . la u n c hrig h t s it e , 0 2 / 0 7 / 1 80 .0 90 .0 8c alibration s lop0 .0 70 .0 60 .0 50 .0 40 .0 30 .0 20 .0 100246F Y 1 d81 01 2c h a n n e l n u m b e rFY-1D (A) Calibration slopes for pre-launch and after- launchAnalysis:¾ In-flight calibrations show that the channels 1, 2, 6, 7, 10 ofFY-1D (A) are well-agreed with pre-launch calibration.¾ There is a large difference for the channel 8 and 9 even justafter the launch of FY1D (year 2002).
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupF Y 1 d -2 bc a lib ra t io ns lo p0 .1l e ft p r e . l a u n c hrig h t s it e , 0 2 / 0 7 / 0 70 .0 90 .0 8c alibration s lop0 .0 70 .0 60 .0 50 .0 40 .0 30 .0 20 .0 100246F Y 1 d81 01 2c h a n n e l n u m b e rFY-1D (B) Calibration slopes for pre-launch and afterAnalysis: In-flight calibration results show that the 4channels (1, 2, 6, 10) of FY-1D (B) are well-agreed withpre-launch calibration except the channel 7, 8 and 9.
F Y 1 c -1 a定标系数（斜率）1st MeetingofGSICSResearchWorking Group0 .2 5le ft p r e . la u n c hrig h t s it e , 0 2 / 0 7 / 1 00 .2斜率0 .1 50 .10 .0 500246F Y 1 C8通1 01 2道FY-1C (A) Calibration slopes for pre-launch and after- launchResult : The calibration results show that the channels 1, 2, 6, 9, 10of FY-1C(A) still agreed with pre-flight calibration while theexceptions are the channel 7 and 8. It shows that the attenuation ofthese 5 channels is slight even it is three years after the launch ofFY1C. The attenuation of channel 7 and 8 is great.
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupPlots of noaa17ch2calibrationPlots of noaa17ch1calibration202515apparent reflec tanc e(% ),(z enith 0)apparent reflec tanc e(% ),(z enith 0)201510105050pre:g 0.0543,i -2.1227dh:a 0.0567,b -2.0989pre.g 0.0555,i -2.2193dh:a 0.0491,b -1.8166-5050100150200250300SatelliteDigital teDigital Counts,23/07/2002Plot of of pre-launch calibration and in-flightfor NOAA-17 CH 1 and 2300350
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working Group4. Calibration activities for FY2C/D: on-orbit calibration¾ Pre-calibration¾ The visible channels are calibrated by fieldcalibration on Dunhuang Gebi desert site on-orbit¾ The infrared channels are calibrated by intercalibration with NOAA’s infrared channels and bysite-calibration on Qinghai lake on-orbit
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupPre-launch Calibration¾ The pre-launch calibration of visible channels of FY-2A/B/C/D aremade on the field at Kunmin, Yunnan Province, the southwest ofChina. However, this site is not good enough since it is affectedlargely by the solar angle and atmospheric condition recently (closeto urban area). Therefore, the current site has been move to Lijing.¾ The pre-launch calibration of infrared channels are made in thevacuum container to simulate the space condition. The calibration ismade with black body.
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupIn-orbit Calibration of Visible Channels¾ Since there is no calibration designingboardingonFY2C/D,theon-orbitcalibration of visible channel FY-2C/D ismainly relied on the absolute radiantcalibration which is based on the fieldmeasurements at Dunhuang SITE.
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupThe inter-calibration of infrared channels¾ NOAA satellites have been selected as thereference for the inter-calibration of FY-2C/Dpayload.¾ The GAC data from AVHRR channel 3, 4, 5of NOAA-16, 17, 18 are used to perform theinter-calibration processing for the IR band 1,2, 4 of FY-2C/D¾ The channel 11, 12 (WV) of HIRS/3 of NOAA17 are used to perform the inter-calibrationprocessing for the WV channel of FY-2C/D.
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupThe inter-calibration of infrared channelFollowing procedures are required for the intercalibration process¾spectrum matching between different satellites¾time matching of different satellite data¾geometric matching for the observed radianceon the same target¾When the calibration coefficient from thehigher resolution satellite is derived, theconverted coefficients are required
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupSchematic diagram of the response functions of ch4 and IR1 channelon board two satellites (NOAA-17 and FY-2C)Schematic diagram of the response functions of WVchannels on board two satellites (NOAA-17 HIRS/3 andFY-2C)Schematic diagram of the response functions of ch5 and IR2channel on board two satellites (NOAA-17 and FY-2C)Sample zone (red area) for NOAA satellite passesthe sub-point of FY-2C satellite
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupAnalysis of DN and bright-temperaturefor FY-2C’s IR1,IR2Analysis of IR1 & IR2bright-temperaturedifference for FY-2C
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working Group5. Calibration activities for FY3: pre-launch calibration¾ Pre-launch calibration has been done for all theflight models of FY3A payloads.¾ The simulated data are using to develop the datapre-processing software for the payloads on FY3A,such as HIRS for IRAS, AMSU and AMSR forMWTS, MWHS and MWRI, AVHRR for VIRR,MODIS for MERSI.¾ the data from SBUS and TOU-like instrument arenot accessible in China. NSMC/CMA needassistance to have the space-base measurement ofultraviolet data as simulated data to test thealgorithm.
1st Meeting of GSICS Research Working GroupSummarization¾The field calibration are very important to correct the pre-launchcalibration for the current FY satellites because of the reliability of thepre-launch calibration and stability of payload before/after launch inChina.¾The field calibration data are useful to monitor payload status variationand to update the in-flight calibration coefficient with temporal sequencefor current FY satellites.¾By following the reflectance-based calibration flow, the field calibrationexperiments are successful to derive the in-flight calibration coefficientfor the payloads, such as AVHRR-like sensors because of the idealsurface and atmosphere condition in Dunhuang site .¾GSICS will provide the chance to improve the calibration of FY series.On the other hand, the field site in China, the payloads on FY seriesextend the capability for other country satellites.
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Inter-Calibration Activities of NSMC/CMA Peng Zhang Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites (LRCVES/CMA) National Satellite Meteorological Center (NSMC/CMA) Email: zhangp@nsmc.cma.gov.cn Tel: 86-10-68409671
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