DOCUMENT RESUME CE 042 984 Math On The Job. Painter.
DOCUMENT RESUMECE 042 984ED 263 436TITLEINSTITUTIONSPONS AGENCYMath on the Job. Painter.Ohio State Univ., Columbus. national Center forResearch in Vocational Education.Office of Special Education and RehabilitativeServices (ED), Washington, DC.PUB DATE85GF.ANTG00830000326p.; For the other booklets in this series, see CE042 963-994.Guides - Classroom Use - Materials (For Learner)NOTEPUB TYPE(051)EDRS PRICEDESCRIPTORSMF01/PCO2 Plus Postage.*Career Awareness; Career Education; *Disabilities;Emotional Disturbances; *Employment Qualifications;Enrichment Activities; Learning Disabilities;*Mathematics Skills; Mental Retardation;*Occupational Information; *Painting (IndustrialArts); Problem Solving; Secondary Education; SkillDevelopment: Special Education; Work EnvironmentABSTRACTThis booklet is intended to help mainstreamedmentally retarded, emotionally disturbed, or learning disabled highschool students acquire a basic understanding of the responsibilitiesand working conditions of painters and to practice basic math skillsnecessary in the occupation. The first section provides a briefintroduction to the occupation by focusing upon those job tasks of apainter with which the student is likely to be familiar. The next twosections deal with the work environment of the typical painter andthe training, education, and experience needed for the occupation.Exercises addressing basic math skills used by painters are provided.Various suggestions are listed for students interested in furtherexploring the occupation of painter. A glossary and answer sheetconclude the booklet. *************************Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be madefrom the original ******************************
U S, DEPARTMENT OFEDUCATIONNATION L INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION"PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THISMATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BYEDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATIONCENTER 'ERIC!This document has been reproduced asreceived from the person or oggamzehonortginahng ofKnot changes have been made to improvereproduction ctuatdyPoints of view or optnions stated In this decomen t do not necessarilyrepresent of fical NIEpositron Of policyr,10411M110,110111'"kW grAPIIINWITreot Me,TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCESINFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)"
THE NATIONAL CENTER MISSION STATEMENTThe National Center for Research in Vocational Education'smission is to increase the ability of diverse agencies,institutions, and organizations to solve educationalproblems relating to individual career planning,preparation, and progression. The National Center fulfillsits mission by:oGenerating knowledge through researchoDeveloping educational programs and productsoEvaluating individual program needs and outcomesoInstalling educational programs and productsoProviding information for national planning andpolicyoOperating information systems and servicesoConducting leadership development and trainingprograms
MATH ON THE JOB:PAINTERCopyright O 1985. The National Center for Research inVocational Education of The Ohio State University. AllRights Reserved.
This publication was prepared pursuant to a grant from theOffice of Special Education and Rehabilitation Services,U.S. Depaltment of Education.Grantees undertaking suchprojects under Government sponsorship are encouraged toexpress freely their judgment in professional and technicalmatters. Points of view or opinions do not, therefore,necessarily represent official U.S. Department of Educationposition or policy.
ATon the jIn this booklet, you can- ofind out what a painter doesosee how a painter uses mathoget a chance to use math as a painterofind out the type of things a painter needs to knowofind out what courses, training, and experienceyou need to become a painter6
SPECIAL WORDS USED IN THIS BOOKLETWorkers in many jobs use special words orspecial meanings for words.Learning these wordshelps you to learn about a job.You will find some of these special wordsin this booklet.When these words, and somehard words, are used for the first time, theyare followed oy one or more asterisks.*These words are also in the glossary**at the back of the booklet.DEFINITIONS*An asterisk (*) is a s ymbol that tells you tolook at the bottom of the page for the meaning,or definition, of the word.**A glossary is a list of words with theimeanings.7
CONTENTSHAVE YOU EVER'1WHAT DOES A PAINTER DO?2WHERE DOES A PAINTER WORK'8WHAT TRAINING, EDUCATION, AND EXPERIENCEDO YOU NEED TO BECOME A PAINTER'12DO YOU WANT TO DO MORE PAINTER'S MATH?14DO YOU WALIT TO EXPLORE SOME MORE?16GLOSSARY17ANSWER SHEET188
HAVE YOU EVER.opainted a picture at school or at home?owatched a house painter work?owashed a wall?ochosen a color of paint to match furniture ofcurtains?ovisited a paint store?If you have, then you have some idea about the work ofa painter.This booklet will help you learn more aboutthe work of a painter and how math is important to do thejob.1
WHAT DOES A PAINTER DO?The main task of a painter is to apply paint, stains,or varnishes to the inside or outside of buildings.Apainter does this byoloosening old paint with heat or chemicalsoremoving the old paint with sandpaper or a wirebrushocleaning the surface and removing any greaseofilling nail holes and cracksousing sandpaper to remove any rough spotscbrushing off any dustomixing the paint to match the desired colorousing brushes, rollers, or spray guns to apply thepaintocleaning the tools that were usedThe surfaces a painter pa ats can be asonry is something built with stones or bricks.21.0
Math is very important to the work of a painter.As apainter, youocountoadd, subtract, multiply, and divideouse whole numbers, fractions, and decimalsotell timeocompute percentagesocompare numbersomeasure distanceocompute areas*ocalculate the amount and cost of suppliesocalculate labor costsDEFINITION*An area is the amount of surface to be covered whenyou paint a room, a wall, or a ceiling. The surfaceis measured in square units (for example, squareinches, square feet, or square yards).311
area.A painter uses math to measureEXAMPLEpainter must figure outBefore paint can be bought, ato be painted.the area of the surfacepainting a wall 16 feet longLet's assume a painter isToWhat is the area of the wall?ofand 8 feet high.formula for finding the areafind the area, use thea rectangle:Area Jength x widthfeet16 feet x 8 feet 128 square(Remember:128 square feet.The area of the wall issquareinchesunits such asarea is measured in squareor square feet.)NOW YOUTRY ITPractice Exercise A1.feet long and 8 feetWhat is the area of a wall 17high?2.feet long and 9 feetWhat is tne area of a wall 13high?3.4.5.6.20 feet long andWhat is the area of a billboard12 ::et high?feet long and 75 feetA side of a building is 55area?high. What is thefeet long and 95 feetA side of a building is 60high. What is the area?feet long and 12 feetA living room wall is 22What is the area?high.124
A painter uses math to figure out the amount ofmaterials needed.EXAMPLEPaint is sold in gallon, quart, and pint cans. The cansize and the number of cans needed varies with the size ofthe surface area to be painted. The chart below lists eachcan size and the amount of surface area it covers.Can SizeSurface Area Coveredgallonquartpint200 square feet50 square feet25 square feetHow many quarts of paint are needed to paint an area of 135square feet? To find this amount, divide the number ofsquare feet to be painted by the number of square feet aone-quart can of paint can cover:135 square feet 50 square feet 2.7Since paint is not sold in partial cans, you would need3 quarts of paint to cover 135 square feet.tNOW YOU TRY ITPractice Exercise BUse the chart above to answer the questions which follow.How many quarts of paint are needed to paint an area of-7.8.9.He10.11.12.100 square feet?150 square feet?190 square feet?many gallons of paint are needed to paint an area of-400 square feet?570 square feet?1,600 square feet?How many pints of paint are needed to paint an area of-13.14.15.75 square feet?45 square feet?200 square feet?513
A painter uses math to figure out the costs ofmaterials and labor.EXAMPLEA painter used 4 gallons of paint ana took 6 hours topaint a small garage. A gallon of paints costs 8.35. The painter charges 12.00 an hour for labor.What is the total cost for materials and labor?To find the total, first find the cost of materials.Multiply the cost of a gallon of paint by the numberof gallons used: 8.35 x 4 33.40 cost of materialsNext, find the cost of labor.Multiply the charge foreach hour of labor by the number of hours worked: 12.00 x 6 hours 72.00 cost of laborTo find the total cost of materials and labor, add thelabor cost and the materials cost together: 33.40 72.00 105.40The total cost for materials and labor is 105.40.INOW YOU TRY ITPractice Exercise COne gallon of paint costs 9.98.The labor charge perhour is 12.50.Find the total cost for each problem.Paint Used(in Gallons)Cost ofMaterialsHoursWorkedCost .22?35?21.43?64?614
A painter uses math to mix materials.EXAMPLESometimes painters mix paints to make their ownspecially colored paint. To make a paint calledDaytona Beach, the painter might mix 1 part whitepaint, 1 part blue paint, and 2 parts yellow paint.If a painter mixes a gallon of Dayton Beach paint, howmuch of each color is used? Follow these steps:Step 1:Add up the total number of parts:1 1 2 4 partsStep 2.Find the measurement for each part bydividing the total measurement of themixture by the total number of parts:1 gallon -I- 4 parts 1 quart/partStep 3:Multiply the measurement per part by thecolor's number of parts in the mixture:1 part x 1 quart/part 1 pintWhite:1 part x 1 quart/part 1 pintBlue:Yellow: 2 parts x 1 quart/part 2 quartsOne quart of white, 1 quart of blue, and 2 quarts ofyellow paint make one gallon of Daytona Beach paint.INOW YOU TRY ITPractice Exercise DTo mix Daytona Beach paint, a painter mixes 1 partwhite, 1 part blue, and 2 parts yellow paint.22.If a painter mixes 2 gallons of paint, how muchof each color is used?23.A painter mixes 3 gallons of paint.quarts of each color are used?How many24.A painter mixed 4 gallons of paint.gallons of each color were used?How many25.A painter used 2 gallons of white paint to mixan 8-gallon batch. How many gallons of blue andyellow paint were used?26.A painter used 16 gallons of yellow paint to mixa bath. How many gallons of white paint wereused? How many gallons were in the batch?15
WHERE DOES A PAINTER WORK?As a painter, you will probably work for a paintingcontractor.When you become an experienced painter, andif you have the necessary money, you might want to becomea contractor yourself.You probably will paint many different kinds ofstructures.You may paint -- ce buildings(5apartment housesofactoriesofencesowarehousesYou may paint both the inside and outside of structures.Or you might do only one type of painting.You will work with many different people, such ascustomers, supervisors, and other painters.The customersare the people who own the structures and they will tellyour supervisor what they want painted.Often, customerswill watch you while you work and ask you questions aboutwhat you are doing.It is very important that you be niceto the customers while you continue working.168
As a painter, you will use special tools andequipment.You will use- -oa scraper, wire brush, or sandpaper to removeloose paintodrop cloths to cover furniture and floorsobrushes of different sizes to paint trim* andhard-to-reach areasorollers to paint on large, even surfaces, such aswalls or ceilingsospray guns to paint difficult surface, such ascinder block and metal fencesoladders to reach the upper paris of the walls orceilingsoscaffolding** to paint the outsides of tallbuildingsDEFINITIONS*Trim is the woodwork around doors and windows.**A scaffold is a temporary or moveable platform thatworkers stand or sit on when working at a height abovethe floor o- ground.9x77
In addition to house and building painters, there areother kinds of painters.oA production painter applies varnish, lacquer, orpaint to manufactured metal or wood products.Theproduction painter usually works on an assemblyline.Often, a production painter uses either aspray gun or a painting machine.oAn automotive painter paints old and damaged motorvehicles so they will look like new. He/she mixespaint to match the original color. After using aspray gun to apply the paint, special heat lampsor fans are used to help the paint dry quickly.Tien the automotive painter sands and polishes thesurface.oA shipyard painter paints the parts, equipment,insides, and outsides of ships, boats, andshipyard buildings.oA sign painter lays out and paints letters anddesigns to create signs. The sign painter usuallyuses a stencil* to make the letters and designs.DEFINITION*A stencil is a sheet with a cut pattern.1018
tiIF YOU ARE INTERESTED INTHE WORK OF A PAINTERAND WOULD LIKE TO KNOW MORE,READ ON
WHAT TRAINING, EDUCATION, ANDEXPERIENCE DO YOU NEEDTO BECOME A PAINTER?Would you like to be a painter?What do you think?If you would, there are some things you should know.You should know-othe different types of paints and when they areusedothe colors that look nice togetherohow to mix paint to make new colors or match anold colorohow to read blueprints*ohow to use toolsWhile you are in high school, you should take coursesin art, industrial art, chemistry, mathematics, andgeometry.The best way to get a job as a painter is to enter anapprenticeship program.years.Most apprenticeships take threeAs an apprentice, you will work on the job withexperienced painters while you learn about painting.Youwill also attend classes to learn about the use of tools,paint mixing and matching, blueprint reading, and safety.DEFINITION*A blueprint is a picture that shows how something isto be built or put together.1220
Another way to learn about the work of a painter is toget a iob as a painter's helper.As a painter's helper,you will receive on-the-job training.You will carrysupplies, put up scaffolds, prepare surfaces, and dosimple tasks while you learn about the different kinds ofpaint.You will also watch experienced painters whilethey work.As you gain experience and show that you cando the work; you will be allowed to do some painting.Taking every chance to learn new skills and tasks willhelp you do a better job.Good math skills will also helpyou perform your work as a painter.2113
Do YOU WANT TO DO MORE PAINTER'S MATH?Practice Exercise EFind the area in each problem.Remember:A 1 x w27. What is the area of a wall 23 feet long and 12 feethigh?28. What is the area of a wall 27 feet long and 12 feethigh?29. What is the area of a wall 35 feet long and 17 feethigh?30. A side of a building is 72 feet long and 90 feethigh. What is the area?31. A side of a building is 60 feet long and 60 feetWhat is the area?high.32. A bedroom wall is 19 feet long and 9 feet high.What is the area?Practice Exercise FUse the chart below to answer the following questions:Surface Area CoveredSize of Can200 square feetgallon50 square feetquart25 square feetpintHow many gallons of paint are needed to paint-33.34.35.600 square feet?1,350 square feet?1,400 square feet?How many quarts of paint are needed to paint- 36.37.38.600 square feet?1,350 square feet?1,400 square feet?How many pints of paint are needed to paint- 39.40.41.250 square feet?290 square feet?230 square feet?
Practice Exercise GOne gallon of paint costs 11.75.The labor chargeper hour is 13.79. Find the total cost for eachproblem.Paint Used(in gallons)Cost ofMaterialsHoursWorkedCost ?46.63?97?7.70?102?Practice Exercise HTo make Skylark Blue paint, a painter mixes:1 part white paint1 part yellow paint2 parts blue paint48.If a painter mixes 1 gallon of paint, how manyquarts of each ingredient are used?49.A painter wants to mix 16 gallons of paint.Howmany gallons of white, yellow, and blue paintare needed?50.A painter mixed 64 gallons of paint.How manygallons of each ingredient were used?51.A painter used 32 gallons of white paint to mixa 128-gallon batch.How many gallons of yellowand blue paint were used?52.A painter used 96 gallons of blue paint to mix abatch of paint. How many gallons of white andyellow paint were used? How many gallons arethere in the batch?1523
DO YOU WANT TO EXPLORE SOME MORE?1.2.3.Measure the size of your bedroom. Calculate the areaof the walls. Figure out how many gallons of paintyou would need to paint the walls.Look at the different colors ofGo to a paint store.paint that are available. Count how many differenttypes of white, blue, green, yellow, and red paint areavailable. Can you see the difference between thecolors? What color would you use for your bedroom?While you are at the paint store-mofigure out how much the paint and brushes wouldcost to paint your bedroom.mread information on the paint cans and otherproducts in the store.o4.5.look at the different sizes and shapes ofbrushes. Try to decide when you would use thedifferent types. Ask the sales clerk to explainsome of the differences to you.watch a sales clerk mix paint for a customer.Notice the machines and pieces of equipment thesales clerk uses.Look in the newspaper for any ads selling paint. Tryto get an idea of how much the different kinds ofFigure out how much less paint costs whenpaint cost.it is on sale.Are you interested in other jobs similar to that of apainter?oPaperhangers cover walls and ceilings withdecorative wallpaper, fabric, or vinyl.oPlasterers coat walls with a pasty substance thathardens as it dries, so that the wall can bepainted or papered.oCement masons smooth and finish the surfaces ofpoured concrete floors, walls, sidewalks, or curbs.You must have good math skills to do these jobs well.All of these workers use addition, subtraction,multiplication, and division on the job every day.1624
GLOSSARYArea:the amount of surface to be covered whenyou paint a room, a wall, or a ceiling.The surface is measured in square units(for example, square inches, square feet,or square yards).Asterisk (*):a mark that tells you to look at thebottom of the page for the meaning, ordefinition, of the word.Blueprint:a picture that shows how something is tobe built or put together.Glossary:a list of words with their meanings.Masonry:something built with stones or bricks.Scaffold:a temporary or moveable platform thatworkers stand or sit on when working at aheight above the floor or ground.Stencil:a sheet with a cut pattern.Trim:the woodwork around doors and windows.2517
ANSWER SHEETPractice Exercise EPractice Exercise A1.2.3.4.5.6.136 square feet117 square feet260 square feet4,125 square feet5,700 square feet264 square feet27.28.29.30.31.32.Practice Exercise FPractice Exercise 841.234238317.18.19.20.21. 39.92; 75.00;114.92 49.90; 100.0;149.90 109.78; 125.00;234.78 129.74; 137.50;267.24 219.56; 437.50;657.06 429.14; 28101210 105.75;243.65 176.25;465.84 199.75;516.92 528.75;1,645.74 740.25;2,077.88 .63;1,406.58;Practice Exercise HPractice Exercise D22.37Practice Exercise GPractice Exercise C16.276 square feet324 square feet595 square feet6,480 square feet3,600 square feet171 square feetquarts white2 quarts blue4 quarts yellow3 quarts white3 quarts blue6 quarts yellow1 gallon white1 gallons blue2 gallons yellow2 gallons blue4 gallons yellow8 gallons white32 gallons48.249.50.51.52.161 quart white1 quart yellow2 quarts blue4 gallons white4 gallons yellow8 gallons blue16 gallons white16 gallons yellow32 gallons blue32 gallons yellow64 gallons blue48 gallons white48 gallons yellow192 gallons
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 263 436 CE 042 984 TITLE Math on the Job. Painter. INSTITUTION Ohio State Univ., Columbus. national Center for. Research in Vocational Education. SPONS AGENCY. Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative. Services (ED), Washington, DC.
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