Karl Marx and the Rise ofCommunismWhat is Communism?Who is Karl Marx?What was Marx’s “perfect”society?
What is “communism”? Communism is aphilosophy ofgovernment / society– Based on the ideals ofMarxism / Socialism Stresses the following:– Classless / statelesssociety– Common ownership of allresources– No private property– Social equality
Who came up with the basic ideas ofCommunism? Karl Marx (1818 – 1883)– German by birth– Former college professor– Author / philosopher Hated the conditions thatthe Industrial Revolutionhad brought to workers– Created “Marxism” aka“Communism”
Who came up with the idea ofCommunism? Frederick Engels (1820 – 1895)– German by birth– College educated– Journalist / Social critic Had reported on the conditionsof working people in Europeduring the Industrial Revolution– Financially supported Marx &his writings
Marx’s Early Life
Marx & Friedrich HegelDialectics
Marx’s Disagreement with HegelIdeas LivesLives Ideas
How did Marx and Engels meet? Marx and Engels met inParis in 1844– Shared a hatred of currentEuropean industrial society– Shared an interest inreform In the 1850’s both movedto London and livedtogether– Began collaborating onwritings / philosophy
Marx & Engels’ home inthe Primrose Hillneighborhood of London.Live here together withtheir families from 1852until Marx’s death in 1883
During their close friendship /partnership of over 30 years, Engelsand Marx wrote several books andover 1,500 letters to one another
What is The Communist Manifesto? The CommunistManifesto was Marxand Engels’ greatestwork– Published in 1848 Not widely read inEurope until afterMarx’s death in 1883– Marxist “Bible”
Who are the major players inCommunism? Two (2) groups:1. Proletariat Working class / lowerclasses of society2. Bourgeoisie Upper classes / theones who gainwealth off theproletariat
Development of the “factory culture”
Stereotype of the Factory Owner
“Upstairs / Downstairs” Life
What is Marx / Engels’ theories? Marx and Engels studied the history of the world’s economies and theway that power, industry and finance are controlled.They saw the way countries developed in stages over world ismPrimitiveCommunism
What is Primitive Communism?PrimitiveCommunism This is how humans first lived together – in smalltribes. Everything was shared amongst the tribe – food,jobs, belongings. No-one owned land. Eventually a group comes to power – this leads toFeudalism
What is Feudalism? Under feudalism, aking or emperor orchief becomes theruler over all thepeople.FeudalismPrimitiveCommunism The peopleare keptuneducatedand told thatGod chosethe king torule. Thechurch helpsthe king thisway. He gives landand privilegesto ‘nobles’ whorule the peoplefor him. As trade develops,some people getricher. This leads toCapitalism .
What is Capitalism? The businessowners orcapitalists getricher whilethe workers doall the hardwork. Thecapitalistsget morepower toservetheir owninterests.FeudalismCapitalism Capitalism creates a huge working-classof people who soon get angry at the waythey are treated. Eventually they begin to demandchanges. This will lead to a revolution andSocialism
What is Socialism? The workerstake control ofthe country toproduce thingsfor everyone.Capitalism In the Socialistrevolution all the rulers –kings, churches,capitalists are got rid of. Because nothing ismade for profit, allpeople benefit fromeducation and health.Socialism These ideasspread acrossthe world tocreateCommunism .
What is Marxism (Communism)?Communism(Marxism)Socialism As everyone now works together,war is a thing of the past – armiesare not needed. Sharing means no police areneeded. Everything is provided by thepeople – so money becomes athing of the past. All human activitygoes towardsbenefiting eachother – allowing allto live their lives tothe full.
Communism (Marxism) “Short Version” A “temporary” dictatorship will step in and help to redevelop society (re-build industry, create laws, etc.)Step #2 The “temporary” dictatorship will voluntarily give uppower, thus creating a classless, borderless utopiaStep #3
The Communist “Utopia”
How did Marx / Engels’ workinfluence European society? Marx / Engels’ work isgoing to influence a newgeneration ofrevolutionaries– Tired of corruption– Desiring a new society Marx / Engels’ works arefeared by many Europeanleaders– Arrest, imprison, or exilemany Communist leaders
Communism (Marxism) As everyone now works together, war is a thing of the past – armies are not needed. Sharing means no police are needed. Everything is provided by the people – so money becomes a thing of the past. All human activity goes towards benefiting each
Communism will be relevant to Indigenous liberation so long as we value kinship. Communism is kinship; kinship is communism. Marx knew this. Marx saw in Indigenous kinship the fulcrum of the commons, which he understood as the basis of communism. He understood the original form of capitalist violence was the enclosure of the commons. The caging and
Introduction—Communism in the 21st Century: Vision and Sublation xxv Shannon Brincat 1. In Praise of Marx 1 erry Eagleton 2. Marx on Property, Needs, and Labor in Communist Society 9 Sean Sayers 3. Socialism and the Human Individual in Marx’s Work 41 Paresh Chattopadhyay 4. Communism: The Utopian “Marxist Vision”
Select Critical Bibliography, 434 . Index, 456. List of Plates 1 Marx's birthplace 2 Karl Marx, aged eighteen 3 Jenny von Westphalen 4 Friedrich Engels . enormous fourth-century basilica were enduring monuments of Trier's . 9 36 KARL MARX: A BIOGRAPHY imperial glory. In the Middle Ages the city had been the seat of a Prince-
ways to fight Communism, the evil-s of Communism, and the false doctrines of Communism, it could become quite dangerous. Richard I. Miller, Associate Director of the National Education Association Project on Instruction, in re-porting on Communism to the Council of Chief State School Officers at Miami Beach said:
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ably Satanic preference. Marx's own statements expose him as a hater of God, and therefore, a hater of God 's creatures- those who have suffered under M arxism and communism. Wurmbrand, w ho was imprisoned for 14years in Europe for his outspo ken views against communism, urges Christians not to be duped by Marx ism's benevolent disguise as .
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