Patek Philippe Chair - EPFL
Patek Philippe ChairMicromechanical and Horological Design LaboratoryINSTANT-LABAnnual R e por t 2 0 1 4
IN S TA N T-L A BA n n ua l R ep ort 2014TABLE OF CONTENTSPages3Introduction5Team7Infrastructure and equipment9ResearchResearch projectsIsoSpring: watch without escapementFramework agreement between EPFL and Audemars PiguetHigh quality factor oscillators for wrist watchesMultistable meso-scale springs and their use for watch-making applicationsMiniature flexure structures for multi-degree of freedom contact force sensingForce feedback haptic interface for microsurgerySteerable catheters for surgeryGeometrically adjustable structure for orthopedic shoesPh.D. theses17PublicationsPatentsConference proceedingsJournal articlesPh. D. Theses19DisseminationInvited talksEvents21Media presenceNewspaper articlesMedia coverage of the IsoSpring project23TeachingEPFLSemester and master projects at Instant-LabMaster projects abroad25Conclusion and perspective1
IN S TA N T-L A BA n n ua l R ep ort 2014INTRODUCTION3Following the April 2012 announcement of a partnershipbetween the watchmaking manufacture Patek Philippe andthe EPFL, the Patek Philippe Chair in Micromechanical andHorological Design was established on November 1, 2012,with the nomination of Professor Simon Henein. InstantLab, the name chosen for the new laboratory, is located inMicrocity, the EPFL Microtechnology centre in Neuchâtel,Switzerland. Instant-Lab currently consists of 16 seniorscientists, postdoctoral scholars and graduate students.The laboratory’s specialty is the creation of new mechanisms featuring kinematic and technological innovation atthe centimeter scale. The scientific approach is inspiredfrom mechanical design in fields such as new and classicalhorology, robotics and aerospace. Current projects apply tomechanical watchmaking and biomedical instrumentation,these fields being quite close, both technologically and intheir industrial fabric. Beyond its academic mission to pursue excellence in fundamental research and teaching, thelaboratory is also committed to strengthen ties with theSwiss watchmaking industry and therefore welcomes collaboration with all its industrial partners.The present report gives an overview of the activities ofInstant-Lab during 2014.
IN S TA N T-L A BA n n ua l R ep ort 2014TEAM5Lab headPost-DocsScientific AssistantsPh.D. StudentsProfessor Simon HeneinDr Lennart RubbertNicolas FerrierJohan Kruis*Karine FrossardDr Roland BitterliMarine ClogensonMohamed ZanatyDr Olivier LaesserBilly NussbaumerSebastian FifanskiDr Mohammad KahrobayianTristan DerbanneYannick Bastin*TechnicianTraineeRomain GilletJosé Rivera(administrative assistant)Senior ScientistsDr Charles BaurDr Ilan Vardi(*hired by external companies)
IN S TA N T-L A BA n n ua l R ep ort 2014INFRASTRUCTURE AND EQUIPMENTInstant-Lab was first located in the historical building rueBreguet 2, Neuchâtel, from November 1, 2012 until October2013. On October 16, 2013, the laboratory was relocated tothe new Microcity building, rue de la Maladière 71b,Neuchâtel, with the following surface allocation :Offices : 125 m2Laboratories : 170 m2Grey room : 51 m2The major equipment acquired during 2014 is the following :¡¡ Video measuring system Marcel-Aubert OpenSYS300 MZ with measuring and comparison softwareVideoCAD EVO¡¡ Height gauge TESA MicroHite Plus M 600¡¡ Binocular microscope, LEICA M80¡¡ Performance controller cRIO-9030, 1.33 GHz,4 slots, 70T FPGA¡¡ Sourcemeter KEITHLEY 2460¡¡ Measuring plate DIN876 / 00,dimension : 1000 630 150 mm¡¡ Precision vibration isolation optical table TMC,dimension : 1200 1200 mmThe grey room is fully functional and the first micro-parts,some etched in Silicon and some other machined in Titaniumby wire-electrodischarge machining have been manipulated, assembled and tested thanks to this facility.7
IN S TA N T-L A BA n n ua l R ep ort 2014RESEARCH PROJECTSIsoSpring : watch without escapementThe biggest improvement in watch accuracy was due to theintroduction of the balance-wheel and hair spring oscillatoras a time base in the 17th century which was quickly adoptedas the only time base for mechanical watches. Mechanicalclocks and watches require an escapement and this mechanism can be an issue due to its inherent complexity and itsrelatively low efficiency. The present project exploits inventions made by the Instant-Lab team to solve the escapement problem by completely eliminating it. The goal is todesign the first mechanical watch without escapement. TheInstant-Lab team has also invented simplified escapements,which do not have the drawbacks of current watch escapements. The result would be simplified mechanisms withincreased efficiency. These inventions are based on a newtype of oscillator and maintaining mechanism both of whichhave been patented by Instant-Lab.After a successful proof of concept achieved internally atInstant-Lab, a second phase funded by industrial partnerswas successfully launched in 2014.First prototype of IsoSpring.Isaac Newton, Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, 1686.Framework agreement between EPFLand Audemars PiguetOn July 18, 2014, EPFL signed a framework agreement withthe company Audemars Piguet. This agreement reflects thewill to strengthen the existing relationship between the twoinstitutions and to forge closer ties in their areas of commoninterest. This partnership will include a series of scientificresearch projects, carried out jointly by the two parties. Thefirst project within this agreement is an important researchproject led by Instant-Lab.9
IN S TA N T-L A BA n n ua l R ep ort 2014RE SE ARCH PROJ E CT SHigh quality factor oscillatorsfor wrist watchesCurrent mechanical wrist watches have as time base anoscillator consisting of a balance wheel mounted on jewelled bearings and a hairspring. The use of flexure bearingsinstead of the traditional journal bearing leads to a highincrease in quality factor, i.e., reduced damping and energyloss. As a result the power reserve can be significantlyincreased and chronometric precision can be improved dueto reduced oscillator perturbation. This project aims atexploring fundamental and practical issues in the design ofnovel flexure-based high quality factor oscillators forwatchesCross-spring flexure pivot oscillator.Multistable meso-scale springsFlexure based mechanisms can be designed in order toproduce strongly non-linear spring behavior. Combinedwith the use of advanced materials such as mono-crystalline silicon or other alloys or composites with their respective fabrication technologies, such springs enable completely new functionalities at the centimeter scale. Thisproject aims at exploring the fundamental principles ofelastic energy storage mechanisms, their production methods and their integration into complete functional devices.Elementary programmable stiffness mechanism.11
IN S TA N T-L A BA n n ua l R ep ort 2014RE SE ARCH PROJ E CT SMiniature flexure structures for multi-degreeof freedom contact force sensingThe goal of the project is to develop active surgical toolsthat fit microsurgery requirements (e.g. eye surgery, brainsurgery, etc.) in terms of tool size, force range and requiredreliability. It will combine flexible structure technology provided by Instant-Lab together with in-house optical fiberbased sensing technology of Sensoptic SA that has beensuccessfully introduced into active tools in heart, ear, noseand throat surgery. Focus will be on flexible and sensingstructure topology and design, extreme miniaturization,multiple DOF force and torque measurement as well asindustrialization aspects such as sealing or in situ reliabilityof the sensing parts. To provide surgical instruments withforce measurement capabilities at the tool tip will allowperforming surgical gesture in precision and reliability thatexceed those performed currently by an order of magnitude. Application of such sensors for manual watch-makingtools is also foreseen.This project is funded by Sensoptic SA and the Commissionfor Technology and Innovation CTI (Switzerland).Force sensing hook for peeling of the epiretinal membrane in eye surgery.Force feedback haptic interfacefor microsurgeryVirtual reality environments are thought to become to surgical field what flight simulators are to aviation training. Forcefeedback haptic interfaces allow users to instinctively interact with such environments. The objective of this project is todevelop a 7-DOF interface comprising an active graspingmotion on its manipulandum to simulate dissecting forceps.Haptic interface developped in collaboration with Stanford University.Steerable catheters for surgerySteerable catheters improve manœuvrability in minimallyinvasive surgery. The goal of this project is to develop novelflexure-based catheters.Steerable catheters demonstrators.Geometrically adjustable structurefor orthopedic shoesThe project consists in a geometrically adjustable structureused in orthopedic shoes.This project is being set up in collaboration with CHUV.13
IN S TA N T-L A BA n n ua l R ep ort 2014RE SE ARCH — PH. D. T HE SE SO. Laesser, Analyse, synthèse et création d’échappementshorlogers par la théorie des engrenages.Completed October 2014.Dr O. Laesser and Pr. S. Henein.J. Kruis, preliminary thesis title : Novel design for assemblyconcepts for centimeter-scale 3D flexure-mechanisms.Expected completion January 2016.Two body kinematic mount (courtesy of CSEM).S. Fifanski, preliminary thesis title : Miniature flexurestructures for contact force sensing in pointed tools.Expected completion August 2017.Flexure-based multi-degree of freedom load cells under testing.Y. Bastin, preliminary thesis title : Advancedwatch escapements.Expected completion August 2017.M. Zanaty, preliminary thesis title : Programmablestiffness mechanisms.Expected completion August 2017.Energy level in mulstistable mechanisms.15
IN S TA N T-L A BA n n ua l R ep ort 2014PUBLICATIONSPatentsS. Henein, A. Bertholds and P. Llosas, Optical measuring element having a single-piecestructure, US8659762B2, Holder : Sensoptic SAS. Henein, I. Vardi and L. Rubbert, xy isotropic harmonic oscillator and associated timebase without escapement or with simplified escapement, PCT / IB2015 / 050242, Holder :EPFLS. Henein, I. Vardi and L. Rubbert, General 2 degree of freedom isotropic harmonic oscillator and associated time base without escapement or with simplified escapement,PCT / IB2015 / 050243, Holder : EPFLS. Henein, C. Baur, Adjustable prosthesis Insert, PCT / IB2013 / 059841, Holder: EPFLConference proceedingsM. Clogenson and C. Baur, Statistical shape model for robotic spine surgery, in WinterSlicer Project Week 2014 (NA-MIC), Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, January 6-10, 2014.M. Clogenson, J. M. Duff, M. Luethi, S. Kostrzewski and C. Baur, The value of statisticalshape models to spine surgery, in Shape 2014 : Symposium on Statistical Shape Models& Applications, Delémont, Suisse, June 11-13, 2014.S. Henein, I. Vardi, L. Rubbert, R. Bitterli, N. Ferrier, S. Fifanski and D. Lengacher, IsoSpring :vers la montre sans échappement in Actes de la Journée d’Etude de la Société Suisse deChronométrie, Lausanne, Suisse, September 17, 2014.Journal articlesM. Clogenson, J. M. Duff, M. Luethi, M. Levivier, R. Meuli, C. Baur and S. Henein, A statistical shape model of the human second cervical vertebra, International Journal of ComputerAssisted Radiology and Surgery, 2014.L. Rubbert, S. Caro, J. Gangloff and P. Renaud, Using singularities of parallel manipulatorsto enhance the rigid-body replacement design method of compliant mechanisms, Journalof Mechanical Design, vol. 136, num. 5, p. 051010, 2014.I. Vardi, Le facteur de qualité en horlogerie mécanique, Bulletin de la SSC 75, May 2014,pp. 57-65.A. Homsy, E. Laux, L. Jeandupeux, J. Charmet, R. Bitterli, C. Botta, Y. Rebetez, O. Banakh,H. Keppner, Solid on liquid deposition, a review of technological solutions, MicroelectronicEngineering 141, 2015, pp. 267-279.Ph.D. ThesesO. Laesser ; S. Henein and I. Vardi (Dirs.), Analyse, synthèse et création d’échappementshorlogers par la théorie des engrenages, Thèse N 6189, EPFL 2014.17
IN S TA N T-L A BA n n ua l R ep ort 2014DISSEMINATION19Invited talksInaugural lecture of Professor Simon Henein, Mechanicaldesign at the watch scale : invention, theory and materialization ; February 6, 2014, EPFL auditorium SG1.16ème Journée d’Etude SSC, Lausanne, September 17,2014, S. Henein, IsoSpring : vers la montre sans échappement.Société d’astronomie du nord vaudois, Yverdon-lesBains, March 14, 2014, I. Vardi, L’astronomie à l’ancienne.Société neuchâteloise d’astronomie, Neuchâtel, October24, 2014, I. Vardi, L’astronomie à l’ancienne.FSRM, 1 Day Tutorial, Neuchâtel, S. Henein, January 24,2014, Conception des guidages flexibles.FSRM, 1 Day Tutorial, Neuchâtel, I. Vardi, December 1,2014, L’astronomie de la montre.EventsMicrocity inauguration with the Council of State ofNeuchâtel in corpore, May 8, 2014.Microcity inauguration with local industry representatives, May 9, 2014.Microcity open house day, May 10, 2014.Microcity visit of President of the Swiss ConfederationDidier Burkhalter with foreign ambassadors accredited inSwitzerland, Senior Officials of the Swiss administrationand representatives of Swiss parliament, May 15, 2014.Microcity visit of the Swiss Federal Council in corpore,Council’s traditional annual field-trip, September 8, 2014.
IN S TA N T-L A B2014 L’EJEUDI 8 MAIY 11MICROCITr pageées (la 11eires déjà cré uchâtel.Un chiffre pambre de chaà NeLer l’EPFs.t sponsorisée10 PRESS - L’IMon Heneink Philippe, Simévoque sestravaux .regolrohcc-taitudtuassA l’aaire Patelaire de la chTituRECHERCHEscolaritéTELeffectué saétaiton Henein aE À NEUCHÂDE L’EGYPTs suisse et égyptienne, Sim he, venir étudier en Suisse ix dechoDe nationalité ec un bac français en poc evoise», confie-t-il. «Legenrotechnien Egypte. «Av urel que ma mère estétudié la micfascousin qui as natqu’il y faisait Mais j’ai unce.d’autant pluentvaisévidtrouet jeà Neumoinsmoi à l’EPFLpar le CSEMla filière étaitannées avant Henein est embauché revient ensuite auonIlque quelques.Simsa thèse,2012, ilerrer à Villigencinant.» Après va à l’Institut Paul Sch spécialisée bernoise. Fin Patekles’enla Haute Eco laire de la nouvelle chairechâtel, puisenseignant àtituCSEM tout en l’EPFL comme professeur horlogère.etparueniqagéécaest engception micromPhilippe en conmelu d’un acronyIl n’a pas vou son labo: titulairerpour baptise Patek Philippe ende la chaire cromécanique etmiconception on Henein a préLab».horlogère, Simer «Instantféré l’appel qu’on retient facilenomunà la«C’estrence à la fois à laréféfaitil. Le talonment,s échappementla créativité etes ainsi san de la montre mécanispontanéité deps», indique le prolleluistique de lamnotion de tem pris ses fonctionsormation éla i avec une très d’Achi ainsi supprimé et avec esdéfaestuillcecfesseur, qui uchâtel.métalliques, on. C’est là l’une quefameux tic-tac: les aiget leoupsfin 2012 à Ne d à Breguet 2 (leà-cnde précisi professeur, qui lesgrasanncents dudepuisBasé d’abor pierre jaune avecdes spécialité lié un livre de ré- ava ps, devenu discret mécatembâtiment en horloge sur la fahorlogesa d’ailleurs pubsujet.ènement desune grosse nt-Lab a déménagéférence sur le ire porte en quel- l’av ues, redevient continu! em inteMicrocity. L’éq«C’est un dév si la technique des«patte» de sonfin 2013 à ui forte de douzeque sorte la Henein et sonloitant lui ause Siest aujourd’hassistants scientifilaire. Simonainsi l’ambition de expdages flexibles», soulignbreves:euroctocherchéquipe ont la conception des gui n Henein. «Nous avons ent leants et post-dtionnerentalemre moques, doctor issance plutôt ogersrants. Un cro e tout ce petitcalibres hor la fin du 18e siè- té cept, et nous devrons à s inaireNpide, puisquengagé en une anévolué depuissilicium, conher de parten. DAVID MARCHOà la recher- cle. «Un spiral, même en jours as- nous approc r poursuivre ce déve12 personnesentdemonde a été Et comme la plulemipeueléqus actpouneil est touà la tête d’ule dustrielsn’est sommenée à peine. fesseurs de l’EPFLment».e un spiral, eton Henein estrl’Instant-Lab gerie: che d’un finance entre une pro- rest à un balancier qui régule-il. loppement.»part des pro city, Simon He- SimD’ailleurs,t-être, secoueniél’horlo: lecroQuant au lienet un mécanisme soc me du tic-tac», rappelle-t tDe quoi, peuié à 100% àet de priautre sociétémbasés à Mi son temps entres, à l’Instande certitudes qu’ici ins avec toute ie pas d’avan- pas dédHenein mène par exede genouEt urbelentéficonneid’enseignem de re- sponsor ne bén . C’est d’ailleurs Sim un projet de recherche sta- horloger, il existe hnologie dite «Ce que t repenser ces fondamen- cipes horlogers jugés i que je suisresheuvrasesteclierajule la, c’esses projetstage particu expliquer à nos di- ple prothèse de genou c le ceci grâce à la ibles», qui per- Lab et améliorer par exemp ili- touchables? «C’est c relativementLausanne et uchâtel.ste avetauxla fiabce que je doi es horlogers, qui une, en collaboration aveavons des «guidages flexiquement précision, l’autonomie ouarrivé à ce pos ce spécifiquementcherche à Neblee.»«Nousguider mécanpartenairpeu d’expérienil se peut que j’aieaux vers parfois cette question.»o CHUV à Lausanne.ande de brevet met deuvements de pièces par la té de la montre mécaniqudicméjetetlogentprore,er cerhorlogèAussi des sponsorisée par pos lle trace, d’ailleurs, du aux déjà déposé une demtotype, et nous des moition à repenspromoins d’inhib tions établies», réLa chaire est evois Patek Phi- Nu l’horloger à la porte ouet réalisé unLe temps continutaines concep eur. «Mais c’étaitjetevientl’horloger genà dire que la mar- de rs du labo.proredartd le professemple, unlippe. Est-ce its particuliers sur muA titre d’ex ring» a abouti à pon volonté affichée dès le dép delorsque a des dro des recherches?baptisé «IsoSp n nouvel oscilla- une Patek Philippe et l’EPFLles résultats pas! Le contrat sil’invention d’u continuellement parcréation de la chaire.»entrnelalumPhitou«Absonneteur, quiFL et Patek unisens et fonctioergné entre l’EPdans le mêmerdre financilippe est d’o indique SimonPATEK PHILIPPEquement», ur ce qui est desE DE LA CHAIRELAIRTITUEURHenein. «Pode recherche, nousEIN PROFESSSIMON HENpartenariats c Patek Philippetravaillons ave me nous le faicomexactementtaux ets fondamene.»s repenser leutonomie de la montronulvosoul’aNounioisécpraméliorer la« MÉTALLURGLes métauxresponsablePX Group.ouvelle chairede la nchaudedpuocnront uestRoland LogéIE Le Belgeprendaussis, mais je vaisque je connai des projets plus noum’intéresser à l’impression 3D ouquetelse».uxveamémoire de formEles métaux à de forme? C’est unQUITTER NICISSEmémoiret déformer àpeuPOUR LA SU gique, Roland Logé A agel’onqued saBelr à l’Uni- alliOriginaire deis qui repren uffé.des d’ingénieu puis à volonté maa fait ses étulorsqu’il est chas devain-la-Neuve, en Ca- forme initialelications danaversité de LouSanta Barbar r son Avec des app domaines, pasdesitéiverl’Unpouuxent en France tre de très nombre rlogerie, mais auslifornie. Il reviCenil réalise au aux de seulement l’ho dical ou les acdoctorat, qu’e mée des matérisi le domainmise en form es de Paris, basé àrs.neunanttiondoit maintel’Ecole des Min et repart pour unlis,Roland Logé o, qu’il s’agisse d’ySophia Antipo Etats-Unis. Mais lalabmonter son équipements ou depost-doc aux d pas perdre sondesreteninstallersonnel. «Nous FLFrance n’en l’embauche au CNRSruter du pererche rec un budget de base de l’EPchercheur: elleal de la rechcevonstrouver égale(Centre nation jours à Sophia-Antidevons ensuitements extérieurs,touete),iquduntifaillescienceand Logé travment des fina par des projets CTIpolis, où Rol nt d’être nommé dipar exemple jets industriels cofirant 12 ans ava erche. Mais la
¡ Video measuring system Marcel-Aubert OpenSYS 300 MZ with measuring and comparison software VideoCAD EVO ¡ Height gauge TESA MicroHite Plus M 600 ¡ Binocular microscope, LEICA M80 ¡ Performance controller cRIO-9030, 1.33 GHz, 4 slots, 70T FPGA ¡ Sourcemeter KEITHLEY 2460 ¡ Measuring plate DIN876 / 00, dimension : 1000 630 150 mm
Reference 6300 Patek Philippe Grandmaster Chime Caliber 300 GS AL 36-750 QIS FUS IRM Double-face wristwatch, 20 comp
For women wishing to combine modern sporty chic with a touch of sparkle, Patek Philippe . engraved mother-of-pearl presenting a subtle checkerboard effect (Reference 5072R-001). Over the years, the men’s Aquanaut co
this book is the result of many years of work. it documents and illustrates a representative selection of the company’s watches from the time of its founding in 1839 until approximately 1980, offering an outstanding panorama of the production of patek philipp
delivered by a unidirectional 21K gold central rotor. Like all Patek Philippe mechanical . portion of the lower face. On the 60-minute totalizer, the longer red hand counts the minutes on the two outer concentric scales that are graduated from 0 to 30 in red and from 30 to 60 in blue. . Correcto
column wheel. Advantages: The new design is thinner because it eliminates the need for an isolator wheel spring mounted on the split-seconds wheel (I). The isolator spring is part of the split-seconds column wheel cap. Unlike the mechanism in the Ref. 5004 in which the isolator (octopus) wheel rotates only in one direction, this isolator moves
Everything you always wanted to know about multicore graph processing but were afraid to ask Jasmina Malicevic EPFL Baptiste Lepers EPFL Willy Zwaenepoel EPFL Abstract Graph processing systems are used in a wide variety of fields, ranging from biology to social networks, and a large num
Chords and More Chords for DGdg Tenor Banjo Mirek Tim Patek This tenth article about the fingerstyle tenor banjo in DGdg tuning will be focused on banjo accompaniment, i.e. on playing chords. The goal is to play basic chord progressions for the favorite songs in various keys (you know, summer campfire season is coming) in the oom-pah-oom-pah
accounting and bookkeeping principles, practices, concepts and methods featured in the unit and there was good evidence of preparation and practice with regard to structure, format and presentation of accounting data and information among the sound financial statements, double-entry bookkeeping and cash budgets submitted. That said, this is not a unit solely of numbers or arithmetic and there .
